多车道高速公路合流区端部车辆速度驾驶行为远场观测试验研究

为探究多车道高速公路互通立交合流区车辆速度驾驶行为特性,为合流区安全设计提供现实依据,文中选择沪宁多车道高速公路互通立交（群）作为远场观测试验实体工程,采用 MC5600型气压管式车辆分型统计与测速系统采集现场数据及 SPSS Statistics软件处理数据信息。试验表明,多车道高速公路合流区客车、货车速度与出现频率之间可采用正态分布曲线拟合。双车道匝道端部客车平均速度为60～70 km/h,运行速度（v85）为80～90 km/h;双车道匝道端部货车平均速度为60～65 km/h,运行速度（v85）为65～75 km/h;单车道匝道端部货车平均速度为50～60 km/h,运行速度（v85）为60～70 km/h。     

拖带工况下舰艇主机的管理研究

分析舰艇在拖带工况下的限制条件,阐述了舰艇拖带时,主机允许使用最高转速及最大航速的确定方法,并提出舰艇拖带时管理的注意事项。     

城市交通能耗区的识别及等级划分方法研究

随着社会经济的发展,机动车保有量急剧增长,城市化过程中交通拥堵问题日趋严重,交通能源消耗加剧。为了降低由此带来的损失,需要及时探明路网中交通效率低、能耗高的区域,并采取有效的交通管理措施。通过研究交通状态与能耗的关系,进行相应的交通参数分析,建立能耗区识别及等级划分模型,计算得到3个等级能耗区的界定阈值分别为0．411和0．678。     

海事民意实时回访的法价值探析

海事民意实时回访改变了以往海事行政主体与相对人之间单一的"命令—服从"关系,取而代之的是双方的沟通、交流、互动与合作,这使海事主管机构能够及时、准确地了解广大相对人的利益诉求,有针对性地调整工作方向,找准工作切入点,从而提高行政效能。     

基于有限元法的气垫船轴系回旋振动特性计算

以气垫船垫升轴系为研究对象,建立计算模型,利用有限元计算软件分析陀螺效应对气垫船垫升轴系回旋振动的影响。采用计算多个轴承支撑刚度的方法,在不考虑船体刚度及考虑船体刚度2种情况下,计算垫升轴系的一次共振转速范围及叶片次共振转速范围,并对照工作转速,给出其回旋振动安全的结论。同时通过文献实验数据与数值计算的对比验证了计算模型的正确性,为气垫船垫升轴系的安全运行提供参考。     

某型计程仪发送装置测试系统设计与实现

某型计程仪是舰艇中一个非常重要的航海设备,其发送装置负责把计程仪的速度和航程信号发送给全舰雷达、声纳、指控、导航等系统各用户。设计和研制该发送装置测试系统可以在内场中修时完成该型计程仪发送装置的调试和修理,解决该发送装置维修条件缺乏的难题。     

基于Matlab平台的船舶避碰模型研究

根据本船的运动参数及连续两次观测所得到的目标船的相对方位和距离,运用避碰几何原理,在Matlab平台下建立了船舶避碰真运动模型,可以得到目标船运动参数及本船的避让措施和恢复航向的时机,并给出真运动轨迹图。文中还选择船舶会遇的典型实例对本模型进行了验证,结果表明,模型模拟的结果正确,对实际避碰行动有参考价值。     

采用微气泡缩减高速船拖曳阻力(英文)

Ship hull form of the underwater area strongly influences the resistance of the ship.The major factor in ship resistance is skin friction resistance.Bulbous bows,polymer paint,water repellent paint(highly water-repellent wall),air injection,and specific roughness have been used by researchers as an attempt to obtain the resistance reduction and operation efficiency of ships.Micro-bubble injection is a promising technique for lowering frictional resistance.The injected air bubbles are supposed to somehow modify the energy inside the turbulent boundary layer and thereby lower the skin friction.The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of injected micro bubbles on a navy fast patrol boat(FPB) 57 m type model with the following main dimensions:L=2 450 mm,B=400 mm,and T=190 mm.The influence of the location of micro bubble injection and bubble velocity was also investigated.The ship model was pulled by an electric motor whose speed could be varied and adjusted.The ship model resistance was precisely measured by a load cell transducer.Comparison of ship resistance with and without micro-bubble injection was shown on a graph as a function of the drag coefficient and Froude number.It was shown that micro bubble injection behind the mid-ship is the best location to achieve the most effective drag reduction,and the drag reduction caused by the micro-bubbles can reach 6%-9%.     

Use of localized necking and fracture as a failure criterion in ship collision analysis

This study explores the use of localized necking for failure modeling in maritime crash analysis, using large shell elements. The assumption that the failure of a large shell element occurs simultaneously with the onset of localized necking is revisited. This study particularly investigates the numerical implementation of the localized necking condition and its implications on the results of ship collision analysis involving not only plate rupture but also various failure mechanisms such as the crushing and tearing of web girders, stringers, and their intersections. Through a series of large-scale collision simulations, the effects of bending deformation on the initiation of necking, non-proportional loading paths, and ductile fractures not preceded by localized necking, are investigated. It is demonstrated that a localized necking-based fracture model provides a reasonable, relatively mesh-insensitive estimate of the onset of fracture in the outer hull panels; however, fracture propagation is very sensitive to the numerical implementation of the necking and fracture model, especially for the cases involving the crushing of web frames and stringers.     

国内外规范中航道深度设计的龙骨下空隙(UKC)参数取值对比

通过分析国内外规范中航道深度的设计方法,研究不同规范中龙骨下空隙(UKC)参数的意义,对各规范参数取值进行系统性对比和差异性分析,提出各规范的适用范围和取值建议,并在工程实例中加以应用。结果表明,在某些工况下,通过对各国规范的UKC值计算结果进行相互验证与校核,可提高航道深度设计的准确性和合理性。研究成果可为类似工程提供参考。