已建道路下方新增管廊工程总体方案若干问题讨论

针对已建道路下方新增综合管廊需求情况,通过分析管廊与已建道路下方管线接驳方式、管廊施工对已建道路保护方式、管廊穿越特殊节点处理方式等,为国内类似工程提供借鉴.     

道路交通事故痕迹鉴定确定肇事车辆

道路交通事故检验鉴定为公安机关交通管理部门的事故处理提供科学、专业的技术支持。检查和核实道路交通事故的影响是对道路交通事故技术评估的基本方法。已成为解决许多事故问题的重要依据。本文根据道路交通事故痕迹鉴定的实际情况,针对公安机关交通管理部门涉及复杂、疑难、特殊技术问题的痕迹鉴定情况,提出了针对性的解决方案。     

A design methodology for mechatronic vehicles: application of multidisciplinary optimization,multibody dynamics and genetic algorithms

A design methodology for mechatronic vehicles is presented. With multidisciplinary optimization (MDO) methods, strongly coupled mechanical, control and other subsystems are integrated as a synergistic vehicle system. With genetic algorithms (GAs) at the system level, the mechanical, control and other relevant parameters can be optimized simultaneously. To demonstrate the feasibility and efficacy of the proposed design methodology for mechatronic vehicles, it is used to resolve the conflicting requirements for ride comfort, suspension working spaces and unsprung mass dynamic loads in the optimization of half-vehicle models with active suspensions. Both deterministic and random road excitations, both rigid and flexible vehicle bodies and both perfect measurement of full state variables and estimated limited state variables are considered. Numerical results show that the optimized vehicle systems based on the methodology have better overall performance than those using the linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) controller. It is shown that the methodology is suitable for complex design optimization problems where: (1) there is interaction between different disciplines or subsystems; (2) there are multiple design criteria; (3) there are multiple local optima; (4) there is no need for sensitivity analysis for the optimizer at the system level; and (5) there are multiple design variables.     

A closed-loop dynamic simulation-based design method for articulated heavy vehicles with active trailer steering systems

This paper presents a closed-loop dynamic simulation-based design method for articulated heavy vehicles (AHVs) with active trailer steering (ATS) systems. AHVs have poor manoeuvrability at low speeds and exhibit low lateral stability at high speeds. From the design point of view, there exists a trade-off relationship between AHVs’ manoeuvrability and stability. For example, fewer articulation points and longer wheelbases will improve high-speed lateral stability, but they will degrade low-speed manoeuvrability. To tackle this conflicting design problem, a systematic method is proposed for the design of AHVs with ATS systems. In order to evaluate vehicle performance measures under a well-defined testing manoeuvre, a driver model is introduced and it ‘drivers’ the vehicle model to follow a prescribed route at a given speed. Considering the interactions between the mechanical trailer and the ATS system, the proposed design method simultaneously optimises the active design variables of the controllers and passive design variables of the trailer in a single design loop (SDL). Through the design optimisation of an ATS system for an AHV with a truck and a drawbar trailer combination, this SDL method is compared against a published two design loop method. The benchmark investigation shows that the former can determine better trade-off design solutions than those derived by the latter. This SDL method provides an effective approach to automatically implement the design synthesis of AHVs with ATS systems.     

地铁车辆牵引拉杆装置稳定性问题研究

受压牵引拉杆在极限承载下因忽然弯曲导致结构失稳破坏,从而影响转向架系统的运行安全性。文章从理论与工程相结合的角度剖析了杆件结构失稳的力学原理,提出了改善杆件结构稳定性的基本思路和可行措施,并在此基础上,对某型牵引拉杆装置进行优化设计。分析与实验表明,在工程可能的极限载荷下,牵引拉杆装置可有效确保稳定性,并利用有限元技术成功预测出牵引拉杆装置的失稳临界载荷。这为设计分析类似牵引拉杆装置提供了一种的思路。     

公园城市街道一体化设计理念的应用实践——以成都杉板桥路市政管线改造设计为例

以成都市公园城市街道一体化建设试点项目——杉板桥路(二环-中环)改造项目为工程背景，阐述了传统市政管线改造设计要点和公园城市街道一体化理念下市政管线改造设计要点。介绍了公园城市街道一体化设计理念在该项目中的应用实践。对改造项目进行了管线现状及需求分析和管线建设边界条件分析，详细介绍了市政管线改造采用缆线管廊、综合排管的创新设计方案。     

新能源汽车车载终端下线检测系统设计

在车辆的生产过程中,除了需要确保车辆装配正常,还需要确保各个零件功能正常才能确保车辆正常下线。传统的车辆下线检测系统,需要人为的对车辆的识别码、车载终端的各路参数进行人工记录和比对,再将参数录入后台系统,耗费人力较多,检测耗时也较长,车辆下线检测的效率也较低。同时,通常的下线检测过程中,未对车载设备的正常运行进行判断,如果将问题车载终端装车下发,会导致监控平台无法对该车辆进行正常监控,存在安全隐患,也不满足相关要求,同时增加售后维护成本。基于此,本文设计开发了一种新能源汽车车载终端下线检测系统,实现了新能源车辆在出厂时,通过检测时,由检测人员操作该系统来查看终端工作状态,系统自动根据终端返回平台信息判断该终端工作是否正常,然后把结果反馈至生产系统。     

考虑前后多车的网联自动驾驶车辆混流跟驰模型

随着中国新基建战略的提出及自动驾驶和网联通信技术的不断发展，网联自动驾驶车辆（CAV）、自动驾驶车辆（AV）和常规人驾车辆混行的交通流将在未来长时间存在。建立适用于网联自动驾驶车辆、自动驾驶车辆和常规人驾车辆3种类型车辆的混流跟驰模型，考虑多前后车车头间距、多前车速度差、加速度差、与主体车辆的相对距离等因素，并进行典型场景的数值仿真。刹车和起步过程的3种混流数值仿真结果显示，模型在几种典型混行场景下均具有可行性，车辆的加速度和速度变化更为平缓。不同CAV比例下的数值仿真结果显示，车队中CAV比例越高，车队整体恢复至平稳状态的时间越短，波动幅度越小。CAV均质流数值仿真结果表明，与MHVAD模型相比，该模型不稳定区域减小33.8%，所控制的车队速度波动幅度减小14%。CAV与AV混流的数值仿真结果显示，与PATH实验室模型相比，由该模型控制的车队加速度进入相对稳定状态提前5.5 s。该模型可用于不同车辆均质流及3种车辆混行的队列控制，在目前开展混行实车试验困难的情况下，也可应用该模型进行混行跟驰仿真，从而为混行交通流的道路交通管理及基础设施布设提供理论依据和模型支持。     

探索新能源汽车充电设施的电气设计

现如今,新能源电动汽车充电装置电气设计,得要顺应现代化实际需求与发展趋势。在后期发展阶段之中,新能源汽车会引领着整个汽车行业的发展,当然也可以凸显出节能减排、绿色出行的优势。因此在新能源项目发展阶段之中,针对新能源汽车充电设施实施电气设计至关重要。鉴于此,本文主要分析新能源汽车充电设施的电气设计。