燃料电池混合动力系统总线电压对电机转矩及效率的影响

为评价总线电压对电机转矩以及效率的影响,在动态测功机试验台架上设计相应的试验,测量总线电压在400~455 V之间变化时某三相异步感应电机的输出转矩和效率。结果表明,在电机低效率区域,电机效率受总线电压影响较大。电机输出转矩相对于目标转矩有平均0.5 s的延时,在高总线电压、高电机转速区域,电机控制器启动自保护功能,输出转矩远小于目标转矩。中国城市公交典型工况测试表明,对经济性影响最大的前80%的电机工况点主要分布于受总线电压变化影响较小的高效率区,在城市公交工况下对电机效率的粗略分析可以忽略总线电压的变化。     

基于粘结-滑移理论的钢结构转向体系受力特性研究

为解决钢结构转向体系设计中锚栓受力不明确的问题,采用Abaqus/CAE三维建模软件分别对块式和横隔板式2种钢结构类型的体外预应力束转向体系建立了2种转向体系的有限元模型,并为了精确模拟锚栓的粘结-滑移特性,对锚栓节点采用了非线性弹簧本构,基于有限元计算结果分析了2种转向器受力及变形特性。结果表明:1)块式转向体系结构刚度一般,在转向力作用下锚栓受力较大,结构安全系数较低;2)横隔板式转向体系结构刚度较大,在转向力作用下,结构破坏形态是钢结构屈曲,锚栓受力较小,整个结构安全系数极高。     

交流力矩电动机在铁路编组场电动车辆减速器上的应用

根据交流力矩电动机结构特性,分析供电系统的波动对交流力矩电动机输出性能产生的影响,阐述已使用电动车辆减速器的站场,注意做好供电系统配置和维护监控的关键环节。     

Steady-state steering of a tilting three-wheeled vehicle

The design of a narrow-track enclosed vehicle for urban transport was the subject of the CLEVER project. Due to its narrow track and requirement for car-like controls, an actively controlled tilting system was integrated into the chassis to allow for high lateral accelerations without rolling over. The cornering behaviour of this unique vehicle concept is investigated and compared with the ideal Ackermann response. The steer kinematics of this 1F1T (one front wheel, one wheel tilting) configuration are assessed through the use of a steady-state steering model, with attention focused on how steer parameters such as tilt axis height and inclination can be tuned to provide the required response. A prototype vehicle was designed and built and the results of experimental testing are presented to illustrate the real balancing performance of the combined steering and tilting approach used for the CLEVER vehicle. The experimental results follow the trends demonstrated in the model.     

Nonlinear dynamics and stability analysis of vehicle plane motions

In this article, the problems of dynamics and stability for vehicle planar motion systems have been investigated. By introducing a so-called joint-point locus approach, equilibria of the system and their associated stability properties are given geometrically. With this method, it is discovered that the difference between the front and the rear steering angles plays a key role in vehicle system dynamics and that the topological structure of the phase portrait and the types of bifurcations are different from those published previously. In particular, the vehicle system could still be stabilized even when pushed to work in a certain severely nonlinear region, by applying extremely large steering angles. However, it is worth noticing that the attractive domain of the stable equilibrium is very narrow. These developments might prove to be important in active steering control design. Numerical experiments are carried out to illustrate the potentials of the proposed techniques.     

Improving vehicle dynamics by active rear wheel steering systems

This article presents two design strategies for an active rear wheel steering control system. The first method is a standard design procedure based on the well-known single track model. The aim of the feedback loop is to track a reference yaw rate in order to improve the handling behaviour. Unfortunately, a reasonable specification of the reference yaw rate proves to be a nontrivial task. A second approach avoids this drawback. The structure of the controller is regarded as a virtual mass-spring-damper system with adjustable parameters. Due to the high abstraction level of this method, the controller parameters can be tuned intuitively. Experiments with a prototype vehicle illustrate the effectiveness of the two proposed methodologies.     

砂黏复合地层盾构掘进参数变化规律及掘进速率预测研究

为研究砂黏复合地层中复合比与盾构掘进参数之间的规律，依托石家庄地铁1号线白留区间隧道工程，基于现场盾构掘进试验，通过对盾构原始掘进参数的二次转换，建立标准推力-标准转矩特征空间，并对传统盾构掘进速率模型进行修正。研究结果表明： 1）正常掘进状态下，标准推力和标准转矩成对数关系，随着复合比的降低，标准推力和标准转矩增加； 2）根据参数点在特征平面的分布和对应的施工状态，将特征平面划分为Ⅰ区(正常掘进区)、Ⅱ区(转矩偏大区)和Ⅲ区(推力偏大区)，并依据复合比的不同，将正常掘进区进一步划分为Ⅰ1、Ⅰ2、Ⅰ3、Ⅰ4区； 3）基于标准推力和标准转矩，建立适用于砂黏复合地层的掘进速率预测模型。     

Solid Axle and Independently-Rotating Railway Wheelsets - A Control Engineering Assessment of Stability

Block diagram representations of both conventional wheelsets and wheelsets with independently-rotating wheels are developed, with the objective of giving insights from a control engineering viewpoint for studies of actively-controlled wheelsets. The analysis predicts a quasi-kinematic oscillation with independently-rotating wheels which has not been reported before. It also identifies possibilities for control approaches which might be used to stabilise a wheelset without affecting steady-state curving performance.     

基于CAN总线与以太网的拧紧机控制系统模块化设计

将现场总线与以太网结合,从而实现底层生产与上层管理的紧密集成,构建一套完整的拧紧机控制系统.通过对螺栓拧紧控制原理的分析,探讨基于CAN总线与以太网的螺栓拧紧机控制系统模块化设计,并给出控制系统软硬件解决方案.     

主动前轮转向控制技术研究现状与展望

主动前轮转向系统提供的独立于驾驶员的转向干预可以提高车辆的操纵稳定性.文中介绍了横摆角速度反馈和横摆角速度与侧偏角联合反馈的稳定性控制算法;阐述了主动前轮转向系统分别与几种动力学控制系统实行集成控制的方法.最后在结论中指出底盘一体化控制将是主动转向技术未来的发展方向.