Research on the pipeline walking caused by cyclic increasing soil friction for free deep-sea submarine pipelines laid on even seabed

Pipelines are important to offshore oil and gas development, but suffers from the pipeline walking phenomenon due to cyclic temperature variations—where large axial walking distances threaten the safety of pipeline systems. Current research indicates that pipeline walking is triggered by steel catenary riser (SCR) tension, seabed slopes, or thermal transients. This paper proposes a new driving mechanism for the pipeline walking phenomenon, involving cyclic hardening soil strength. The finite element analysis method was adopted to analyse the soil friction difference induced walking phenomenon, and the influence of key parameters on the gain in soil friction on walking distance was studied. Pipeline walking distances under different drainage conditions in the heating and cooling processes were also calculated, and the impact of the degree of drainage in the heating process was determined. To better understand the new pipeline walking mechanism, theoretical analysis of the walking behaviour under different cyclic soil friction conditions was carried out. Analytical solutions for estimating the pipeline walking distance were also provided, based on the simplified theoretical analysis.     

基于FPGA的里程轮信号优选算法设计

文中通过对里程信号产生机理进行分析,提出了一种基于FPGA架构的里程优选算法,给出了实现算法的硬件架构图,并设计相应硬件电路和模拟实验。结果表明:该算法可以对3个里程轮脉冲信号进行优选采集,当里程轮处于超速或者停转状态时也能输出正确的脉冲信号。     

燃气调压器声发射信号特征与流量关系分析

文中提取燃气调压器声发射信号的标准差、峭度这两个时域特征及重心频率、均方根频率这两个频域特征,分析特征与流量的对应关系,使用相关系数进行评价。基于北京某调压站采集的声发射信号及流量数据,实验结果表明,流量与标准差、峭度、重心频率、均方根频率的相关系数分别为0.8192、0.2889、0.7745、0.641。可见标准差、重心频率及均方根频率与流量相关性较强,峭度与流量相关性较弱。     

长输油气管道金属损失漏磁内检测技术研究

以管道漏磁内检测器为载体,通过对管体进行在线的漏磁内检测,可以达到量化管道缺陷、避免事故发生的目的。文中介绍了管道金属损失漏磁内检测技术,分析了油气管道漏磁内检测技术原理及漏磁内检测系统组成,利用有限元分析方法研究了管道缺陷尺寸对于漏磁场信号的影响,验证了管道漏磁内检测技术的可靠性。     

基于符号回归算法的地铁盾构刀盘扭矩预测研究

为了提高盾构机工作效率、降低施工成本,依托深圳地铁8号线某盾构区间段工程,基于符号回归(Symbolic Regression)算法,对不同掌子面的刀盘扭矩进行了预测。分析了推力、土仓压力以及贯入度变化及换刀对扭矩的影响。结果表明,贯入度增大会导致扭矩增加,但是土仓压力的增加可能会降低扭矩。扭矩模拟数学模型具有较高精度,模型中自变量变动引起因变量变化的趋势与现实情况一致。     

Equivalent design pressure for ship plates subjected to moving slamming impact loads

When a ship navigates at sea, the slamming impact can generate significant load pulses which move up along the hull plating. The effect of the moving pressure has so far not been explicitly considered in the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships. Based on a modal superposition method and the Lagrange equation, this paper derives analytical solutions to study the elastic dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under moving pressure impact loads. The spatial variation of the moving slamming impact pressure is simplified to three types of impact loads, i.e. a rectangular pulse, a linearly decaying pulse and an exponentially decaying pulse. The dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under the moving slamming impact pressure are calculated in order to investigate the influence of the load pulse shapes and moving speed on the plate structural behaviour. It is found that the structural response of the plate increases with the increase of the moving speed. The response of the plate subjected to a moving pressure impact load is smaller than the case when the plate is subjected to a spatially uniform distributed impact load with the same load amplitude and load duration. In order to quantify the effect of the moving speed on the dynamic load, a Dynamic Moving Load Coefficient (DMLC) is introduced as the ratio between the dynamic load factor for the moving impact load and that under the spatially uniform distributed impact load. An expression for DMLC is proposed based on analyses of various scenarios using the developed analytical model. Finally an empirical formula which transforms the moving impact loads to an equivalent static load is proposed.     

CORRELATIONS BETWEEN BLOOD PRESSURE AND BODY WEIGHT, SERUM LEPTIN IN HIGH CALORIE DIET-INDUCED OBESE RATS

Objective To examine the change of body weight （BW） and blood pressure （BP） in obese rats, clarify relationships between BP and BW and other factors. Methods Male Spraque-Dawley rats were fed either with normal diet （ND） or high calorie diet （HC） for 20 weeks. BW and BP of tail artery were observed biweekly and tetraweekly respectively; serum leptin and fasting insulin （FINS） were detected by enzyme-linked immunoadsordent assay （ELISA） and radioimmunoassay （RIA） respectively. Fasting plasma glucose （FPG） and free fatty acid（FFA） were measured by conventional means. Results BW, abdominal fat weight （AFW）, ratio of abdominal fat weight to body weight （RF/W）, systolic blood pressure （SBP）, diastolic blood pressure （DBP）, serum levels of leptin and FINS, FPG, FFA increased in the HD group after 20 weeks diet intervention （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. SBP was strongly correlated with BW, leptin, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05）, DBP was correlated with FFA （ r =0.47, P〈0.05）. In addition, leptin was positively correlated with BW, AFW, RF/W, FINS and FFA （P〈0.05 or P〈0.01 ）. Conclusion In this study of high calorie-diet induced rats, the gain of BW is accompanied by increased BP. The obese rats have hyperleptinemia, hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia which may have important effects on the development of obesityrelated hypertension. RF/W is the key factor in which affect serum leptin level.     

自卸车举升机构常见故障分析

以解放SP316 1- 2型自卸车为例详细介绍工程用自卸翻斗车的液压倾卸举升机构的常见故障与修复 ,同时提出了建设性意见     

Study on lift-up speed of aerodynamic compliant foil thrust bearings

Objective The experimental study on the lift-up speed of a new kind of compliant aerodynamic foil thrust hearings was performed on the multifunetional test rig established for testing the performances of foil gas bearings. Methods The lift-up speed of foil gas thrust hearing under given axial load was analyzed through the spectrum of axial displacement response in frequency domain. Results The test results indicated that the difference in the spectrum of axial displacement responses before and after lifting up of the rotor was obvious. After lifting up of the rotor, there were only larger components of rotation frequency and lower harmanie frequencies. If the rotor wasn＇t lift-up, there were also larger components of other frequencies in the spectrum. Conclusion So by analyzing the spectrum of axial displacement response, the results showed that the lift-up speed was about 1 860 rpm when the axial load was 31N.     

白川胶囊对清醒大鼠血压的影响

目的　观察白川胶囊的急慢性降压作用。方法　以间接测压法测量清醒大鼠尾动脉血压 :①测量自发性高血压大鼠 (SHR)多次灌胃白川胶囊的血压变化 ,观察其慢性降压作用 ;②测量肾性高血压大鼠 1次灌胃白川胶囊后 1、2、4、6、8h的血压值 ,观察其急性降压作用。结果　①连续 2 0d灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低SHR的血压 ,白川胶囊 0 1 5 g/kg也有一定降压作用 ;② 1次性灌胃白川胶囊 0 6或 0 3g/kg均明显降低肾性高血压大鼠血压 ,白川胶囊0 1 5 g/kg也有降压作用。结论　白川胶囊有明显的急慢性降压作用。