江平公路沥青路面早期横向裂缝的分析与处治

通过对江平公路靖江段早期裂缝的调查及钻芯取样，结合江平公路靖江段的施工，分析沥青路面两类早期非荷载型疲劳裂缝的产生原因和开展方式，提出相应的处治措施，可为同类病害的处治提供借鉴。     

Calculation of hydrodynamics for semi-submersibles based on NURBS

Accurate hydrodynamic calculations for semi-submersibles are critical to support modern rapid exploration and extraction of ocean resources. In order to speed hydrodynamic calculations, lines modeling structures were separated into structural parts and then fitted to Non-uniform Rational B-spline （NURBS）. In this way, the bow and stern section lines were generated. Modeling of the intersections of the parts was then done with the universal modeling tool MSC.Patran. Mesh was gererated on the model in order to obtain points of intersection on the joints, and then these points were fitted to NURBS. Next, the patch representation method was adopted to generate the meshes of wetted surfaces and interior free surfaces. Velocity potentials on the surfaces were calculated separately, on basis of which the irregular frequency effect was dealt with in the calculation of hydrodynamic coefficients. Finally, the motion response of the semi-submersible was calculated, and in order to improve calculations of vertical motion, a damping term was affixed in the vertical direction. The results show that the above methods can generate fine mesh accurately representing the wetted surface of a semi-submersible and thus improve the accuracy of hydrodynamic calculations.     

北京铁路地下直径线盾构选型

研究目的:通过对盾构选型的研究,为类型工程的盾构选型提供参考,掌握盾构选型的关键技术。研究方法:分析了北京铁路地下直径线的工程地质及水文地质;针对不同类型盾构的结构特点,进行了可行性分析和论证;通过对盾构类型与地层渗透性的关系、与粘土含量的关系、与颗粒级配的关系的分析,从开挖面稳定机理、地表沉降、装机功率、刀具磨损、施工成本、施工进度等方面对盾构选型进行了详细阐述和方案比较。研究结果:通过对不同类型盾构的分析,完成了适应于北京铁路地下直径线工程的盾构选型,并对盾构施工的关键技术进行了探讨。研究结论:通过对工程地质及水文地质的分析,得知北京铁路地下直径线工程最适合使用泥水盾构施工。     

铸造复合化技术与铸铁接合技术的动向

介绍了铸造复合化技术的发展新动向,着重阐述了压力浇注法、离心铸造法等新技术、新工艺;同时还叙述了铸铁接合技术的新进展;指出铸造复合化技术将对多功能铸件和复合化铸件的推广应用作出贡献。     

Biogenic silica cycle in surface sediments of the Greenland Sea

In contrast to several investigations of biogenic silica (BSi) content and recycling in surface sediments of the Southern Ocean, little is known about the benthic cycle of BSi in high northern latitudes. Therefore, we investigated the silicic acid concentration of pore water and BSi content of surface sediments from the Greenland Sea. Low BSi contents of less than 2% were observed. High-resolution (2–5 mm) BSi profiles and comparisons to trap studies suggest that only relatively dissolution-resistant siliceous components reach the seafloor. Pore water investigations reveal BSi fluxes of more than 300 mmol m⁻² a⁻¹ only for a few sites on the shelf. A statistically significant relationship between water depth and BSi rain rate reaching the seafloor was not observed. Sampling along a transect perpendicular to the marginal ice zone (MIZ) revealed no enhanced rain rate of BSi reaching the seafloor in the vicinity of the ice edge. Although the MIZ of the Greenland Sea is characterized by the enhanced export of biogenic particles from surface waters, this feature is not reflected in the benthic cycle of biogenic silica. The lack of such a relationship, which is in contrast to observations of shelf and continental margin sediments in the southern South Atlantic, is probably caused by the enhanced dissolution of BSi in the water column and highly dynamic ice conditions in the Greenland Sea.     

水面舰艇空调通风系统技术现状及展望

通过对国内外水面舰艇空调通风系统设计技术现状的分析比较,提出了国内水面舰艇空调通风系统设计优化解决途径、优化设计目标和发展展望。     

路用多孔页岩陶粒表面修饰优化

为提高路用多孔页岩陶粒的路用性能并提升其阻热性能，优选3种有机处理剂，借助吸水率、筒压强度、控制筛孔通过率及磨耗值试验，确定了不同处理剂最佳修饰工艺；基于吸油率、表面孔隙封堵率与SEM试验，系统研究了修饰前后页岩陶粒表面孔隙封堵情况，对比评价了不同处理剂对页岩陶粒路用性能的影响规律，确定了页岩陶粒最佳处理剂；并在此基础上，全面评价了表面修饰对页岩陶粒混合料路用性能的影响。结果表明：苯基硅树脂的适宜浓度为25%，固化温度为160℃，硅丙乳液的适宜浓度为35%，成膜温度为30℃，助剂含量为3%，建筑防水剂修饰页岩陶粒的适宜浓度为35%，固化温度为85℃；其中苯基硅树脂对页岩陶粒表面封装效果最好，24 h吸油率最低，表面孔隙封堵率高达78%，且SEM图像也表明经表面修饰的页岩陶粒表面开口孔隙数量明显减少；3种处理剂均能不同程度地提高路用多孔页岩陶粒的路用性能，24 h吸水率的降幅在80.48%~94.5%之间，压碎值降幅在4.62%~17.52%之间，磨耗值降幅在5.33%~30.92%之间，黏附性等级提高0.5~2级；苯基硅树脂对页岩陶粒吸水率与黏附性等级改善效果最佳，硅丙乳液对压碎值与磨耗值改善效果最为明显，综合考虑所有评价指标，确定了页岩陶粒最佳处理剂为苯基硅树脂；且经苯基硅树脂表面修饰后的页岩陶粒混合料各项路用性能均有不同程度提高。     

码头面层混凝土表面缺陷防治

论述码头混凝土面层施工常见质量通病对工程使用和观感质量的影响,分析质量通病的成因,提出预防及治理措施。在营口港鲅鱼圈港区四期54#～56#泊位码头面层混凝土施工中,收到了较满意的效果。     

考虑气动阻力和横风稳定的汽车车身多目标优化设计

综合考虑了气动阻力特性和横风稳定性,对车身外形参数进行了多目标自动优化设计。综合利用参数化建模技术、计算流体力学(CFD)仿真、试验设计方法、响应面模型和智能优化算法,集成Pro/Engineer参数化建模和ICEM网格划分工具以及Fluent仿真软件,在多学科优化平台modeFRONTIER上,搭建了一种自动优化设计流程。利用该流程,基于遗传算法(GA)对MIRA快背式模型车身几何外形进行了改型设计,得到了考虑车身气动阻力特性和横风稳定性的最优权衡设计解集。该结果使得气动阻力因数降低了5.2%,侧向力因数降低了5.8%。因而,实现了车身气动阻力和横风稳定性的多目标优化。     

Northern Adriatic Sea surface circulation and temperature/pigment fields in September and October 1997

Satellite images of surface chlorophyll-a concentration measured by the sea-viewing wide field-of-view sensor (SeaWiFS) and of sea surface temperature derived from advanced very high resolution radiometer (AVHRR) measurements, combined with in-situ drifter measurements of surface currents, and ancillary wind, Po River discharge and surface salinity data, are used to describe the surface dynamics in the northern Adriatic during the period September–October 1997.The satellite observations revealed very complex mesoscale dynamics, with time scales of a day or two and length scales of about 10 km, including the meandering and instability of basin-scale currents (e.g., the western coastal layer), jets/filaments and eddies. In addition, the two typical patterns of the Po River plume are observed and qualitatively explained in terms of wind forcing. A basin-wide double gyre pattern spreads the rich runoff water across most of the northern Adriatic from mid-September to early October, following Bora wind events and under stratified sea conditions. In contrast, in late October the Po plume is confined to the coast due to weaker winds and de-stratified conditions. This variability in the Po River plume extension is also confirmed by in-situ salinity measurements.