“大洋一号”科学考察船海洋调查技术的提高与集成

介绍“大洋一号”科学考察船现代化改装前后海洋调查仪器、设备和技术状况。重点介绍“大洋一号”船舶计算机网络信息集成系统的建设和特点、海洋调查仪器、设备及系统海上调试和试验，以及发展海洋调查技术的方向。     

虎门大桥主体工程测量放样方法与精度分析

本文根据虎门大桥六大件主体工程的实际位置情况，推导了极坐标法施工放样的精度估算公式，并用该公式估算了六大件主体工程施工放样的精度，认为极坐标法适用于六大件主体工程的施工放样。文中所介绍之方法，对其他大型桥梁施工控制，有一定推广和参考价值。     

虎门大桥墩,塔,锚GPS施工测量

介绍在工程全长１５．６ｋｍ、主桥长４．５８ｋｍ的虎门大桥建设中,利用ＧＰＳ定位技术进行桥梁的施工放样。实践证明,ＧＰＳ定位技术确定的悬挂桥索塔、锚锭、连续刚构桥主墩和西岸引桥高墩的平面和高程点误差和相对点位误差均满足桥梁施工规范要求。同时也说明了在沿海平坦地区,采用施工椭球方法进行ＧＰＳ三维坐标转换能获得良好的平面和高程转换精度。     

GPS在现代公路勘测中的应用

公路建设工程日益增多,传统的测量方法已不能满足新的要求,因此,GPS以其高精度、快速度、低费用等优点在公路建设中得到了广泛的应用。     

Virtual reality simulation game approach to investigate transport adaptive capacity for peak oil planning

The peak and decline of world oil production is an emerging issue for transportation and urban planners. Peak oil from an energy perspective means that there will be progressively less fuel. Our work treats changes in oil supply as a risk to transport activity systems. A virtual reality survey method, based on the sim game concept, has been developed to audit the participant’s normal weekly travel activity, and to explore participant’s travel adaptive capacity. The travel adaptive capacity assessment (TACA) Sim survey uses avatars, Google Map™, 2D scenes, interactive screens and feedback scores. Travel adaptive capacity is proposed as a measure of long-range resilience of activity systems to fuel supply decline. Mode adaptive potential is proposed as an indicator of the future demand growth for less energy intensive travel. Both adaptation indicators can be used for peak oil vulnerability assessment. A case study was conducted involving 90 participants in Christchurch New Zealand. All of the participants were students, general staff or academics at the University of Canterbury. The adaptive capacity was assessed by both simulated extreme fuel price shock and by asking, “do you have an alternative mode?” without price pressure. The travel adaptive capacity in number of kilometers was 75% under a 5-fold fuel price increase. The mode adaptive potential was 33% cycling, 21% walking and 22% bus. Academics had adaptive capacity of only 1-5% of trips by canceling or carrying out their activity from home compared to 10-18% for students.     

公路施工准备阶段的测量工作探讨

近年来,公路建设快速向前发展.然而在我国山区高等级公路施工过程中,准备阶段的测量工作存在着种种不合理的现象,延误工程项目的施工进度,造成不必要的经济损失.对公路工程项目施工准备阶段的测量工作进行探讨,可为同类工程提供一定的参考.     

大断面软岩铁路隧道贯通控制要点

隧道贯通前后施工中涉及到贯通误差的预计及调整,以及合理的施工方案、科学的施工组织等问题;另外隧道贯通段受力结构复杂,尤其是软弱围岩,经常在贯通后出现围岩收敛过大、初期支护变形开裂等现象,若处理不当,容易造成塌方.文章结合兰渝铁路第I合同段隧道群的施工,介绍了隧道贯通前后的施工控制要点.     

高校学生党员教育效果现状调查及策略分析——基于辽宁地区学生党员的调研

本文通过对部分高校学生党员的教育效果调查,了解当前高校学生党员在入党前后对党员教育主体、教育内容、教育形式及教育制度等方面存在的态度。通过调查,分析高校学生党员在教育管理中存在的主要问题,从而提出改进和创新策略。     

The design of environmentally aware travel diaries

Any policy addressing the concerns and trends associated with the impact of travel on the environment should be based on a solid understanding of the activities giving rise to them. While the measurement of the total environment loads by air or noise measurement stations is essential, it needs to be matched by the observation of the human behaviours creating them. This is especially true in the transport sector, which has been rightly or wrongly identified as having the potential to make a substantial contribution to the reduction of air and noise pollution. While the contribution of freight transport is of growing concern and importance, this paper focuses on the measurement of passenger transport throughout.

In the past transport planners have largely relied on the travel diary as their prime instrument to measure traveller behaviour. The travel diary is a survey instrument designed to record all movements during the course of one or more days including their relevant details. It is complemented by spearate household and personal forms for recording general information. In the following paper the term travel diary implies all three elements (the diary, the person form and the household form).

The remainder of the paper discusses to what extent and how the travel diary can be used to capture data for the assessment of policies directed at reducing the impact of transport on the social and natural environment. The requirements of a travel diary and the potential uses of new technologies in realising such a travel diary are then presented. A brief outlook on the possibilities of reasling such a diary concludes the paper.