ISOFIX固定装置的技术要求及试验方法对比

随着汽车技术的日益发展,儿童乘员数量也在不断地增多,世界上各个汽车制造厂商也对如何保护儿童安全乘车的问题不断地进行技术创新：为适应这种形势,欧美等国家就儿童约束系统出台了相应的法规和标准,并提出了具体的技术要求和试验方法。文章主要介绍了美国和欧洲儿童约束系统标准中有关ISOFIX固定装置的技术要求和试验方法,并结合我国情况,指出随着国家标准的不断完善和企业研发能力的加强,国内儿童乘员保护技术也将取得重大进步。     

镍氢动力电池SOC估算方法

SOC（State of Charge,电池充电状态）估算是电动汽车电池管理系统的重要功能,准确有效的SOC估算对推动电动汽车核心技术的发展具有重要意义。文章介绍了镍氢电池工作的基本原理及电池管理系统的基本结构等方面技术,阐述了在对电动汽车SOC进行估算的8种方法,并比较各方法在应用中存在的优缺点,指出Ah计量法是目前最常用的方法,且常与其他方法组合使用。     

一种新的基于自组织映射的流形学习算法

针对自组织映射（Self-Organizing Map,SOM）算法在进行流形学习时容易陷入局部极值和产生“拓扑缺陷”问题的原因,提出了一种新的基于SOM的流形学习算法：TO-SOM（Training Orderly-SOM）．根据流形的局部欧氏性,TO-SOM算法从一个局部线性或近似线性的数据子集出发,按照数据的内在流形结构对其进行有序训练,可以避免局部极值、克服“拓扑缺陷”．根据SOM算法的鲁棒性,TO-SOM算法在成功学习数据内在流形结构的同时,对邻域大小参数和噪声也不像ISOMAP和LLE等现有流形学习算法那样敏感,从而更容易得到实际应用．     

基于转移和频率特征的协议异常检测

协议异常检测是目前入侵检测领域研究的新方向．本文研究状态的转移特性和频率特性,在此基础上建立模型进行协议异常检测．模型的训练和检测使用DARPA 1999年的数据集,实验结果验证了所建立模型的准确性．     

FPGA软件无线电平台实现OFDM关键问题的研究

在软件无线电平台上快速实现原型样机,已成为评价通信新技术的重要方法．本文以基于FPGA的软件无线电平台实现OFDM收发信机为例,分析了浮点数与定点数仿真的基本方法及原型样机的设计流程,针对802．11a突发分组OFDM收发信机中的帧同步、符号定时和信道估计等在FPGA中的实现问题,提出了适合于硬件实现的优化算法,节省了硬件资源．最后,在验证平台上实现了全数字OFDM收发信机．测试结果表明,新方法设计合理,收发信机在中频能稳定的无误帧传输．     

Switching between antenna subset selection and quasi-orthogonal space-time block code in presence of correlation

We address the problem of adaptive modulation and coding scheme (AMCS) for a multi-input multioutput (MIMO) system in presence of time-varying transmitting correlation. Antenna subset selection and quasiorthogonal space-time block code (QOSTBC) have different error performances with different signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and in different spatial correlation scenarios. The error performance can be improved by selecting an appropriate transmission scheme to adapt to various channel conditions. The maximum distance criterion is the simplest and very effective algorithm for the antenna subset selection without needs of complex calculation and channel state information at transmitter (CSIT). The minimum error performance criteria and the simplified linear decision strategy are developed for constant transmission rate traffic to select the optimal transmission scheme. It can dramatically decrease algorithm complexity for obtaining error probability according to the known quantities comparing with using instant CSIT. Simulation results show that, remarkable performances including low SNR and weak spatial correlation at the expense of simple calculation and almost no bandwidth loss by adopting AMCS can be achieved. The proposed AMCS improves robustness of slowly varying spatial correlated channels.     

Time-varying performance prediction and system identification of internal combustion engines

Design for life-time performance and proper maintenance measures are usually needed to prolong the mean-time-between-failures of complex equipments such as internal combustion engines. To reach this, it is important to obtain the information of time-varying system performance in design stage and to identify the structural change at each moment. So a multidisciplinary model based method is studied in this paper to unify the time-varying performance(TVP) prediction and system identification(SI) of equipments. The related multidisciplinary model in this paper should be not only precise to give simulation results but also sensitive to the variation of system parameters. So the varying history of system performance along with the structural change can be obtained from the model. Then the value of system parameters can be identified by seeking roots with given detected responding data and relationship between system responding data and system parameters. A case study on a low power gasoline engine shows that the method presented in this paper can provide useful information for the development and maintenance of complex equipments.     

基于组合模型的港口集装箱吞吐量预测

根据港口集装箱吞吐量的历史数据,分别利用三次指数平滑法、灰色CM（1,1）模型以及组合预测方法对集装箱吞吐量进行探讨,有益于预测未来几年港口集装箱吞吐量。结果证明：组合预测模型融合了前两种预测方法的优点．其平均绝对误差、平均相对误差绝对值都小于单独用三次指数平滑法或GM（1,1）模型时的平均绝对误差、平均相对误差绝对值,达到最优的精度等级。     

改进GM（1,1）模型在舰船维修费用预测中的应用

基于灰色系统理论,使用海军舰船维修费用历史数据建立初值修正的GM（1,1）模型,利用少量数据中的显信息和隐信息,避免复杂的相关关系,克服了原始数据的离散性,得到较高精度的拟合效果,并对海军舰船维修费用进行短期预测。将预测结果加入等维信息模型,对未来费用支出进行动态预测。结果表明：其精度优于传统模型。     

基于SIW宽边耦合定向耦合器的多路功率分配网络

现代无线通信技术的发展,对射频微波电路的研究与应用提出了平面化、小型化和集成化的要求。衬底集成波导（SIW）是近几年来出现的一种新型平面传输线,它兼有传统矩形波导（RW）和平面微带结构的双重特点,具有较好的实用价值,其理论研究和工程应用受到广泛关注。文章利用这种新型结构,开展了微波平面多路功率分配网络的工程研究,设计了低剖面紧凑型三路功率分配网络。