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271.
针对地铁车站大客流组织问题,以天津地铁营口道站为具体研究对象,结合实际运营经验,对大客流组织原则、影响因素和应对措施进行较全面的探讨。首先,结合营口道站实际运营情况和一线工作经验,总结地铁车站的大客流组织原则;其次,从乘客乘坐地铁的流程入手,详细分析影响车站大客流组织的主要影响因素,定量化计算AFC系统服务能力、出入口及通道的通过能力、楼扶梯的通过能力、站台乘候车秩序?、列车运能和客流疏导能力等;最后,遵循大客流组织原则,针对影响大客流组织的主要因素,从客流预测、客流组织、行车调度和票务组织等方面提出具体的大客流组织应对措施。 相似文献
272.
数值仿真与模型风洞试验相结合研究了典型工况下两车队列中尾车发动机舱盖气动特性和两车间隔区域的流场,对比了缩比模型和实车模型对应雷诺数下车辆队列的流动形态。缩比模型仿真结果与风洞试验结果一致表明采用数值方法的可行。对比不同雷诺数下车辆队列气动特性发现,缩比模型与实车模型发动机舱盖表面平均静压分布基本相同,但在纵向对称面上,实车模型的前车尾迹比缩比模型更加上扬,底部区域气流速度更高。非定常条件下,实车模型前车尾涡相对尺度明显小于缩比模型,且扩散得更充分,尾迹区涡的分布状态更加混沌,发动机舱盖表面脉动能量的分布更加混乱。涡在两车间隔区域的运动并非简单的移动,而是一个由涡破裂、涡配对和涡融合构成的复杂过程。 相似文献
273.
在全国高铁网络逐步构成的背景下,旅游城市高铁站站前广场在高铁运营后逐渐显现出了设施配套不足、交通组织混乱等问题.以黄山北站为例,通过分析黄山北站客流特征、站前广场交通设施现状、交通组织及运行,对黄山北站客流进行了预测,对交通设施规模进行了测算.根据预测结果,提出了交通改善策略,并从设施布局、交通组织等方面提出了近期和远期的具体交通改善方案. 相似文献
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275.
A theoretical foundation for the relationship between generalized origin–destination matrix and flow matrix based on ordinal graph trajectories 下载免费PDF全文
This paper shows the relationship between flow, generalized origin–destination (OD), and alternative route flow from a set of ordinal graph trajectories. In contrast to traffic assignment methods that employ OD matrix to produce flow matrix, we use ordinal trajectory on a network graph as input and produce both the generalized OD matrix and the flow matrix, with the alternative and substitute route flow matrices as additional outputs. By using linear algebra‐like operations on matrix sets, the relationship between network utilization (in terms of flow, generalized OD, alternative route flow, and desire line) and network structure (in terms of distance matrix and adjacency matrix) are derived. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
276.
Walking has been highlighted as an independent transportation mode as well as an access/egress mode to/from public transit to encourage the use of more sustainable transport systems. However, walking does not seem to have priority over other transportation modes, especially in areas where various modes of movement are in conflict. The pedestrian push-button system seems to be a solution to distribute the right of way. The focus of this study is on the performance issue of the pedestrian push-button. Specifically, this study deals with issues related to mid-block crossings and attempts to answer two questions: whose waiting time is longer at pre-timed and push-button crossings, pedestrians, or vehicles? and which system – pre-timed or push-button – is better in terms of total waiting time? According to our simulation analyses, if the pedestrian flow rate is less than 120, 85, and 70 ped/h for two-, three-, and four-lane roads, respectively, the push-button system is recommended. 相似文献
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279.
This paper presents an alternative planning framework to model and forecast network traffic for planning applications in small communities, where limited resources debilitate the development and applications of the conventional four-step travel demand forecasting model. The core idea is to use the Path Flow Estimator (PFE) to estimate current and forecast future traffic demand while taking into account of various field and planning data as modeling constraints. Specifically, two versions of PFE are developed: a base year PFE for estimating the current network traffic conditions using field data and planning data, if available, and a future year PFE for predicting future network traffic conditions using forecast planning data and the estimated base year origin–destination trip table as constraints. In the absence of travel survey data, the proposed method uses similar data (traffic counts and land use data) as a four-step model for model development and calibration. Since the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) trip generation rates and Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) are both utilized in the modeling process, the analysis scope and results are consistent with those of common traffic impact studies and other short-range, localized transportation improvement programs. Solution algorithms are also developed to solve the two PFE models and integrated into a GIS-based software called Visual PFE. For proof of concept, two case studies in northern California are performed to demonstrate how the tool can be used in practice. The first case study is a small community of St. Helena, where the city’s planning department has neither an existing travel demand model nor the budget for developing a full four-step model. The second case study is in the city of Eureka, where there is a four-step model developed for the Humboldt County that can be used for comparison. The results show that the proposed approach is applicable for small communities with limited resources. 相似文献
280.
在线路客流控制中,需同时考虑各个车站控流方案的可执行性与协同性. 采用 Fisher 最优分割法确定合理客流控制时段,基于此建立以乘客总等待时间最少和旅客周转量最大为目标的线路客流协同控制线性规划模型. 基于成都地铁2 号线AFC数据进行实验,针对协同控流与非协同控流方案,以及不同客流控制时段划分方案下的协同控流方案进行对比实验. 算例中:协同控流方案在旅客周转量下降约1.0%的情况下,乘客总等待时间减少约 56.7%;基于Fisher 最优分割法确定的时段划分方案中协同控流方案在乘客总等待时间方面最优,并具有很好的可执行性. 相似文献