Nonlinearity in the vertical transmissibility of seating: the role of the human body apparent mass and seat dynamic stiffness

The efficiency of a seat in reducing vibration depends on the characteristics of the vibration, the dynamic characteristics of the seat, and the dynamic characteristics of the person sitting on the seat. However, it is not known whether seat cushions influence the dynamic response of the human body, whether the human body influences the dynamic response of seat cushions, or the relative importance of human body nonlinearity and seat nonlinearity in causing nonlinearity in measures of seat transmissibility. This study was designed to investigate the nonlinearity of the coupled seat and human body systems and to compare the apparent mass of the human body supported on rigid and foam seats. A frequency domain model was used to identify the dynamic parameters of seat foams and investigate their dependence on the subject-sitting weight and hip breadth. With 15 subjects, the force and acceleration at the seat base and acceleration at the subject interface were measured during random vertical vibration excitation (0.25–25 Hz) at each of five vibration magnitudes, (0.25–1.6 ms^?2 r.m.s.) with four seating conditions (rigid flat seat and three foam cushions). The measurements are presented in terms of the subject's apparent mass on the rigid and foam seat surfaces, and the transmissibility and dynamic stiffness of each of the foam cushions. Both the human body and the foams showed nonlinear softening behaviour, which resulted in nonlinear cushion transmissibility. The apparent masses of subjects sitting on the rigid seat and on foam cushions were similar, but with an apparent increase in damping when sitting on the foams. The foam dynamic stiffness showed complex correlations with characteristics of the human body, which differed between foams. The nonlinearities in cushion transmissibilities, expressed in terms of changes in resonance frequencies and moduli, were more dependent on human body nonlinearity than on cushion nonlinearity.     

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拜耳防腐蚀聚氨酯涂料技术发展及其在欧美工程中的应用

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聚氨酯夹层隔振特性及模型试验研究

The vibration isolation performances of typical hull structure with viscoelastic interlayer are analyzed ac-cording to wave theory, and the influences of interlayer Young's modulus and length on the vibration reduction are dis-cussed. The theoretical analysis shows that combination of polyurethane interlayer with blocking mass can enhance the vibra-tion isolation performance and expand isolation frequency band. In order to verify the effectiveness of polyurethane interlay-er, the model test of power cabin's vibration is carried out. The test data shows that the reduction of 20–1000 Hz variation acoustic level at hull shell is more than 5 dB.     

码头防冲设备新材料的应用及其发展前景

阐述了码头防冲设备材料改革的必然性及聚氨酯护舷的工作原理,主要以筒型护舷为例,从护舷性能、工作过程、以及所带来的经济效益等方面,说明码头防冲设备材料改革是成功的。     

船用柴油机涂漆新工艺

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拜耳防腐蚀聚氨酯技术在磁浮轨道及桥梁工程中的应用

简述了脂肪族聚氨酯优越的防腐、耐候及柔韧等综合性能,突出了防腐蚀聚氨酯在上海磁浮项目应用中无可替代的优势,并介绍了卢浦大桥的主钢结构的涂装保护系统。     

GSPU深水湿式保温管节点填充工艺

为解决GSPU深水湿式保温管节点填充技术问题,通过对GSPU深水湿式保温管节点结构及使用环境的分析,提出了一种GSPU深水湿式保温管节点安装工艺要求,研究出一种GSPU深水湿式保温管节点工艺并进行了实验,找到了比较实用的GSPU深水湿式保温管节点填充工艺,确定了关键工艺参数。     

大跨径斜拉桥斜拉索锚头的综合防护

该文以桃夭门大桥斜拉索上下锚头的综合防护方案为例,介绍了处于海峡地区的大跨径斜拉桥拉索锚头的防腐蚀保护技术。