唐港高速公路桥涵常见病害及处治措施

根据唐港高速公路桥涵定期检查结果，结合该高速公路通车多年的实际情况以及其他高速公路的养护经验，对唐港高速公路桥涵提出了养护建议及保障措施，以更好地保障桥涵运营质量。     

桥梁混凝土结构裂缝控制探讨

在桥梁混凝土结构中,裂缝是最常见的病害,这一病害使工程的质量大打折扣。鉴于此,分析总结桥梁混凝土裂缝产生的原因,并提出解决措施,以防止混凝土裂缝带来的不良后果,提高桥梁工程的质量。     

盾构隧道环向快速连接件力学性能试验研究

15 m级的大直径公路盾构隧道与10 m级超深覆土高内水压作用下的排水调蓄盾构隧洞对接头有高承载力的要求，为此开发新型环向快速连接件。该连接件具有拼装时间短、无需人工拧紧、拼装完成后的隧道真圆度高、管片错台与张开量小、防水性能高的优点。为研究连接件的结构形式、材料性能、连接件与锚筋之间的连接、连接件与混凝土管片之间力的传递，以650 mm厚的管片为原型，开展接头抗拉物理试验，并采用数值模拟的方法实现试验值与计算值的对比分析。主要结论如下： 1）本次试验所采用的铸铁连接件屈服承载能力为512 kN，满足试验指标要求。弹性阶段的承载力为400 kN，极限承载力为645 kN，可以应用于指导盾构隧道的设计。2）试验破坏发生在连接件本体部位，锚筋与连接件之间的连接设计合理可靠。试验终止时，4根锚筋的最大应力值为348 MPa，达到HRB400锚筋抗拉屈服强度的87%，接近其抗拉强度设计值360 MPa。3）连接件在轴心拉力作用下，其本体与锚筋的受力是不均匀的，在连接件设计中应考虑这种不均匀性，进行合理的优化设计。     

Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation under superimposed stress histories containing different frequency components with several mean stress conditions

Fatigue crack propagation behavior under superimposed stress histories containing different frequency components with several mean stress conditions was investigated. Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation based on an advanced fracture mechanics approach using the RPG (Re-tensile Plastic zone Generating) stress criterion for fatigue crack propagation was improved to extract the effective part from the applied stress history for fatigue crack propagation. The parameter, which is based on the plastic hysteresis energy consumed in the vicinity of a crack tip, was applied and implemented into the numerical simulation code of fatigue crack propagation. Fatigue crack propagation tests under various superimposed stress conditions with several mean stress conditions were performed and compared with the fatigue crack propagation histories obtained from the improved numerical simulations. These comparisons show the validity of the proposed procedure for extracting the effective stress history from the superimposed stress histories with different frequency components and mean stresses. Additionally, practical fatigue strength evaluations based on the linear cumulative fatigue damage parameter were conducted to investigate the tendency of the fatigue damage value under these stress conditions.     

减缩剂对高性能砼体积稳定性影响试验研究

设计了干燥收缩、自收缩、平板约束、抗氯离子渗透性以及极限拉应变等5种试验方法来检验减缩剂对高性能混凝土收缩开裂性能的影响。研究结果表明：减缩剂能够改善高性能混凝土的工作性，对忍凝土的力学性能无副作用，能够有效地提高混凝土的抗裂性能。     

Numerical simulation of fatigue crack propagation under biaxial tensile loadings with phase differences

Fatigue crack propagation under the biaxial tensile loading, which loading directions are normal and parallel to the initial crack position, is highlighted in this study. Most of in-service structures and vessels are subjected to many types of loading. Generally, these loadings have different axial components with different phases. However, the structural integrities of structures and vessels are evaluated according to design codes based on theoretical and experimental investigations under a uniaxial loading condition. Most of these codes are based on the S–N curves approach. An approach that does not use S–N curves has been favored by researchers, with the fracture mechanics approach preferred for evaluating the fatigue life of structures. An advanced fracture mechanics approach was developed based on the Re-tensile Plastic zone Generating (RPG) stress criterion for fatigue crack propagation. In this study, fatigue crack propagation tests under biaxial loading with six different phase and loading conditions are performed and the effect of the phase difference under biaxial loading is evaluated. A numerical simulation method of fatigue crack propagation based on the RPG stress criterion under different biaxial loading phase conditions is presented and compared to measured data.     

高强度光敏胶拉伸剪切强度测试方法

介绍了一种高强度光敏胶拉伸剪切强度测试方法,分析了影响测试结果的几种主要因素。     

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料细观损伤的温度效应

SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料的宏观力学行为与其微观损伤机理密切相关，随温度的升高，材料力学性能明显下降，SiCD／A356复合材料表现出不同的细观损伤机理．文中对真空双搅拌方法制备的质量分数为20％的SiC颗粒增强铝基复合材料在室温和高温下的细观损伤机制进行了研究，在试样断口上，通过扫描电镜观察到了不同的裂纹萌生和扩展机制，根据不同温度下表现出的不同失效方法，归纳出了复合材料细观损伤的温度效应曲线．研究表明，在室温下复合材料的裂纹萌生以基体撕裂和颗粒断裂为主，高温下其裂纹萌生机制以颗粒脱离和基体撕裂为主．     

高速公路金属设施材料的拉伸试验分析

金属护栏属于半刚性护栏,它是一种以波纹状钢护栏板相互拼接并由主柱支撑的连续结构。它利用土基、立柱、横梁的变形来吸收碰撞能量,并迫使失控车辆改变方向,恢复到正常的行驶方向,防止车辆冲出路外,减少事故造成的损失。结合《金属材料室温拉伸试验方法》（GB/T228-2002）,对护栏检测中的拉伸试验部分进行介绍和分析,具有一定的参考价值。     

φ840D货车车轮辐板孔疲劳裂纹扩展特性研究

针对目前840D货车车轮辐板孔裂纹故障增多及其可能带来的隐患,本文首先采用有限元方法数值模拟了不同运用条件下车轮的机械应力和制动热应力,其次根据线弹性断裂力学理论研究了辐板孔边裂纹的应力强度因子,最后结合Forman疲劳裂纹扩展方程及裂纹扩展门槛值,得到不同运用工况下辐板孔裂纹扩展的基本特性及规律,从而分析出了导致裂纹扩展的载荷条件。分析结果表明:辐板孔裂纹是典型的疲劳裂纹,是由萌生于辐板孔内侧的微细裂纹逐渐扩展而来的,它是由热负荷和机械载荷的综合效应造成的。单纯的机械载荷不会直接导致孔边裂纹的萌生和扩展;坡道制动与机械载荷的叠加才是导致辐板孔裂纹萌生与扩展的最主要的载荷工况。这对预防车轮疲劳失效、优化车轮设计,保障行车安全,具有重要意义。