城市高架连续曲线钢箱梁设计若干问题探讨

在城市高架道路的设计中 ,特别在交通繁忙的路口建造立交桥 ,由于施工条件、施工工期、高架下地面交通的布置和桥梁总体美观等限制 ,连续钢箱梁方案往往成为首选方案。连续梁一般在曲线段上成为连续曲梁。目前在上海延安路高架、逸仙路高架中已建成多座连续曲线钢箱梁。本文根据连续曲线钢箱梁的特点 ,探讨设计中应注意的若干问题 ,使连续曲线钢箱梁设计安全、合理、经济     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

数据处理方法在路堤工后沉降预测中的应用

介绍了3种预测路堤工后沉降的模型及求解方法，并应用于工程实例中；把3种方法得到的结果与实测结果相比较，指出各种方法各有优点，各有其适用情况。     

温度和麻醉对神经几种兴奋性指标的影响——兼论何者可以正确反映兴奋性

在蟾蜍坐骨神经-腓神经观察了温度和麻醉对几种兴奋性指标的影响。结果表明,标准电量(a)随兴奋性的变化而有规律地变化。兴奋性愈高。a值愈小。而Weiss式中的b、基强度(Rh)、时值(Chr)及强度—时间曲线均不能正确反映兴奋性。细胞膜时间常数(RC)与兴奋性的变化无规律性联系。结论,a是兴奋性的可靠定量指标。     

基于正则化与B样条曲线的桥梁影响线识别方法

为了快速评估既有桥梁的安全性，研究了基于多源实测信息快速准确识别桥梁影响线的方法。首先利用桥梁动力响应及车辆移动的实测信息，建立影响线识别的数学模型。在模型中引入Tikhonov正则化方法以解决病态矩阵求解问题，通过设置罚函数项以取得较光滑并贴近真实的影响线。然后通过基函数扩展法重构影响线，将其表示为一系列三次B样条基函数的线性组合，从而将问题从识别众多影响线因子简化为识别少量基函数权重系数。为了验证上述方法的可行性，先在实验室模拟钢制试验小车在钢筋混凝土三跨连续梁模型上移动的过程。基于实测布置于梁底的多测点挠度和应变响应时程以及相应的试验车信息，可识别出不同位置测点的挠度和应变影响线。试验结果表明无论是影响线的总体形状还是局部峰值，识别解与基准解均能较好地吻合。该方法还被进一步应用到一座简支现浇预应力混凝土箱梁桥。该试验通过实测检测车过桥期间的桥梁跨中截面若干测点的动应变、动挠度以及车辆重力、实时位置等信息，准确识别了对应于不同车道的挠度和应变影响线。通过对比桥梁静载实测和影响线虚拟加载结果，发现两者偏差绝对值在5%以内。在一定程度上表明了该影响线识别方法具有较高精度，并具备工程应用的良好潜力。     

深长桩荷载-位移曲线计算研究

近年来，城市及交通建设发展迅速，随着上部结构荷载的增大及容许沉降的减小，深长桩的应用越来越广泛。深长桩的力学性态分析成为桩基础研究中一个非常重要的组成部分，桩顶荷载一位移曲线是桩基础设计的核心内容。     

A model-based traction control strategy non-reliant on wheel slip information

A traction control system (TCS) for two-wheel-drive vehicles can conveniently be realised by means of slip control. Such a TCS is modified in this paper in order to be applicable to four-wheel-drive vehicles and anti-lock braking systems, where slip information is not readily available. A reference vehicle model is used to estimate the vehicle velocity. The reference model is excited by a saw-tooth signal in order to adapt the slip for maximum tyre traction performance. The model-based TCS is made robust to vehicle modelling errors by extending it with (i) a superimposed loop of tyre static curve gradient control or (ii) a robust switching controller based on a bi-directional saw-tooth excitation signal. The proposed traction control strategies are verified by experiments and computer simulations.     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

广珠西线高速公路沉降速率与剩余沉降关系分析

广珠西线高速公路实测沉降表明,沉降速率与剩余沉降基本为线性关系,沉降速率与剩余沉降的平方基本为正比关系,进而从理论上论证了两者的关系。两者的这种关系有利于将工后沉降法、沉降速率法统一起来。