舰船用隔热绝缘材料研究现状

舰船用保温绝缘材料的相关研究在船舶设计及建造过程中长期受到学者们的关注。隔热绝缘材料性能的优劣不仅影响到舰船的居住环境、安全性和服役寿命,甚至关系到部队的战斗力。本文首先对材料的隔热保温原理进行分析,并依据材质的不同对舰船领域涉及到的无机、有机、气凝胶超级隔热材料及由上述材料复合而成的复合隔热材料的种类、组成、性能及应用进行回顾总结;其次对舰船用隔热保温材料尚需解决的问题进行分析,并对其未来发展方向进行展望。     

Optimisation of driver actions in RWD race car including tyre thermodynamics

ABSTRACT

The paper presents an innovative method for a lap time minimisation by using genetic algorithms for a multi objective optimisation of a race driver–vehicle model. The decision variables consist of 16 parameters responsible for actions of a professional driver (e.g. time traces for brake, accelerator and steering wheel) on a race track part with RH corner. Purpose-built, high fidelity, multibody vehicle model (called ‘miMa’) is described by 30 generalised coordinates and 440 parameters, crucial in motorsport. Focus is put on modelling of the tyre tread thermodynamics and its influence on race vehicle dynamics. Numerical example considers a Rear Wheel Drive BMW E36 prepared for track day events. In order to improve the section lap time (by 5%) and corner exit velocity (by 4%) a few different driving strategies are found depending on thermal conditions of semi-slick tyres. The process of the race driver adaptation to initially cold or hot tyres is explained.     

拱北隧道管幕冷冻施工中的冻胀控制技术研究

以港珠澳大桥珠海连接线拱北隧道为工程实例,研究管幕冷冻法工艺中地层的冻胀控制原理和技术。基于热力耦合原理,采用有限元预测人工冷冻过程中的土体温度变化及地表冻胀位移,比较和分析管幕周围土体预注浆和采用限位管模式对地表冻胀的控制效果。结果表明： 管幕周围土体的预注浆降低了土体的渗透系数及冻胀率,抑制了土中水分迁移,是冻胀控制技术的主体;限位管有效地降低了冻土的发展速率,加强了冻胀控制效果,是冻胀控制技术的有效补充。通过对现场地表冻胀实测数据与有限元模拟结果的比较分析,从地层温度和地表位移分布规律说明了冻胀控制技术的工作原理。研究结果为拱北隧道的顺利实施提供了技术保障,提高了我国复杂条件下超大断面隧道建造的总体技术,还可为类似人工冷冻法隧道施工提供技术参考。     

船舶推进电机轴电流研究

Long Run;Ke Changguo(Naval Representative's Office in Xiangtan, Xiangtan 411100, Hunan, China;Wuhan Institute of Marine Electric Propulsion, Wuhan 430064, China)     

水泥混凝土路面板温度翘曲应力

分析了水泥混凝土路面路面板翘曲变形处理为2组垂直交叉地基梁翘曲变形叠合的威氏方法的适用性和精度,总结了半无限地基和半刚性基层上路面板的温度翘曲应力变化规律,通过引入等效梁长和当量相对梁长2个慨念,提出了半无限地基板任一点、计入半刚性基层超宽影响的梁中点的翘曲应力公式。     

地锚式万向铰独斜塔斜拉桥温度效应分析

地锚式万向铰独斜塔斜拉桥结构体系新颖,为分析温度荷载作用下该类桥梁成桥状态的结构响应,以三亚海棠湾河心岛景观桥(主跨99.8 m钢斜塔双边工字钢梁独塔斜拉桥)为工程背景,建立桥梁结构有限元模型,分析体系温差、日照温差、索梁(塔)温差对桥塔偏位、主梁线形以及索力的影响.结果表明:体系温差下桥塔以纵向弯曲和纵向偏转为主,体...     

Studies on the Effect of Accelerated Thermal Aging on Electrical and Physicochemical Properties of XLPE Cable

The degradation of crosslinked polyethylene (XLPE) cable insulation during service, such as thermo-oxidation and water treeing may lead to a premature electrical breakdown of the XLPE insulation cables. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the period of replacement to evenly distribute the replacement cost by ascertaining the deterioration degree. Estimation of the aging degree is at present the most important task for diagnosis of the residual lifetime of the power cable insulation. This paper presents a study on the changes in the dielectric properties of the thermally aged XLPE cables in the frequency range from 0.07～10 MHz. Based on electrical and physicochemical characterization, some new "dactylograms" for the thermally aged XLPE cable insulation have been proposed.     

老化循环对三效催化器的老化效果研究

为研究不同整车驾驶循环对车辆三效催化器热老化的效果差异,选取两辆配备同款发动机的满足国六排放标准的纯汽油车和油电混合动力车,分别进行AMA、SRC、WLTC和典型RDE循环,利用数据采集系统实时采集车辆运行参数和三效催化器床体温度.基于阿伦尼乌斯公式将不同循环16万km耐久性后的热老化程度量化为热损伤,并以RDE循环为...     

中厚板高强钢冷热多丝复合埋弧焊热循环参数测量

为解决中厚板高强钢埋弧焊(Submerged Arc Welding, SAW)焊缝热影响区(Heat Affected Zone, HAZ)热循环参数准确测量难题，自主研制多通道热电偶测温软/硬件系统，测量并比较不同焊丝组合(单丝和冷热多丝复合)对应的焊缝HAZ热循环主要参数。试验结果表明：与单丝SAW工艺相比，冷热多丝复合SAW工艺可解决SAW较大热输入产生的焊缝HAZ脆化问题，提高焊缝组织性能和焊接质量；在中厚板高强钢焊接过程中，冷热多丝复合SAW工艺可为温度场数值模拟计算分析提供实测数据，为各种工艺参数的确定与优化、焊缝HAZ的组织性能改善提供必要的理论基础。     

Constructal design of tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sink with wavy walls北大核心CSCD

［Objective］To meet the efficient thermal management needs of electronic devices such as ships and underwater vehicles, this study focuses on the constructal design of a tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sink with wavy walls. ［Method］A design prototype of the heat sink with wavy walls is first proposed. Based on constructal theory, the amplitude and wavelength of the wavy walls are designed under the constraints of fixed heat sink volume and fixed microchannel volume by maximizing the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria (PEC) while considering both heat transfer and flow pressure drop. ［Results］The results show that the wavy walls increase the heat transfer surface areas and generate vortices in their cavities, effectively reducing the maximum temperature. When the inlet Reynolds number is fixed at 700, 900 or 1100 respectively, the maximum temperature is reduced by 13.5 K by increasing the amplitude of the wavy walls, while the pressure drop increases significantly; and the maximum temperature is reduced by 4.7 K by reducing the wavelength of the wavy walls, while the pressure drop increases slightly. There are optimal amplitudes that raise the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria to extreme values for given larger wavelengths, while the comprehensive performance evaluation criteria increase monotonously as the amplitude increases for given smaller wavelengths. ［Conclusion］Wavy walls can significantly improve the thermal performance of tree-shaped microchannel disc heat sinks, and the use of constructal design can realize optimal geometric constructs with optimal comprehensive performance evaluation criteria. © 2023 Authors. All rights reserved.