Liner ship route schedule design with port time windows

This paper examines a practical tactical liner ship route schedule design problem, which is the determination of the arrival and departure time at each port of call on the ship route. When designing the schedule, the availability of each port in a week, i.e., port time window, is incorporated. As a result, the designed schedule can be applied in practice without or with only minimum revisions. This problem is formulated as a mixed-integer nonlinear nonconvex optimization model. In view of the problem structure, an efficient holistic solution approach is proposed to obtain global optimal solution. The proposed solution method is applied to a trans-Atlantic ship route. The results demonstrate that the port time windows, port handling efficiency, bunker price and unit inventory cost all affect the total cost of a ship route, the optimal number of ships to deploy, and the optimal schedule.     

美国对伊态度的新变化——对伊朗核问题报道的积极话语分析

采取Fairclough的语篇分析三维模式为主要框架，以系统功能语法中的语境理论为依托，借助评价理论为具体分析工具，从“建构”的视角对选自美国“纽约时报”2007年9月27日刊登的一篇关于伊朗核问题的新闻报道进行积极话语分析，并运用Fauconnier和Turner的概念整合理论对分析结果作进一步论证，发掘出美国对伊一贯强硬态度的变化．     

灌注桩自动控制检测仪器的设计与应用

针对灌注桩施工质量及钻孔内泥浆浓度无法实时监控的问题,根据钻孔内泥浆浓度、沉渣厚度及混凝土对应变片产生不同的侧向压力而提出一种新型仪器,旨在实现对灌注桩从钻机成孔到混凝土灌注各个施工过程中的可视化检测;并为钻孔过程中,针对泥浆提供一种自动控制与检测设备,即实现了自动控制制浆、送浆、关停泥浆泵、检测泥浆浓度的一套自动化设备。研究结论:(1)随时检测成孔过程中护筒内泥浆的高度和浓度,并视情况自动控制送浆泵的开停;(2)实现对钻孔内任一层泥浆浓度及沉渣厚度的检测,可有效提醒何时达到灌注要求;(3)在灌注混凝土过程中,通过自动检测钻孔内的灌注高度,实现对拔导管根数、混凝土灌注量及抽浆泵开停的控制;(4)实现对孔径、孔中孔洞和人防位置等孔内情况的检测及对钻机钻头磨损情况的控制;(5)本研究成果可为灌注桩检测提供一种可视化方法。     

交叉口处现代有轨电车与其他机动车的平衡感应信号控制方法

介绍了现代有轨电车与机动车在交叉口的平衡感应信号控制方法,通过对现代有轨电车交叉口各入口排队车辆数的监测,实时改变信号配时,从而平衡各入口车辆排队长度;通过赋予现代有轨电车更高的排队权重,使现代有轨电车与同向机动车流减少停车时间,获得更多的通行时间,从而在保证其他机动车辆通行效率的同时,间接地实现现代有轨电车优先通行权。运用交通仿真软件对比分析各入口车辆平均排队长度、最大排队长度、总停车次数、平均延误与平均排队时长,确定各信号相位近似最优的最大感应绿灯信号时长。仿真结果表明,在排队长度与车辆延误方面,感应信号配时远优于定时信号配时;相比单纯的公共交通信号优先,感应信号控制更注重现代有轨电车和机动车每个乘客的通行权利。     

木寨岭公路隧道高弹模PVA合成纤维喷射混凝土抗裂技术研究与探讨

为提高初期支护混凝土的强度、密实性、韧性,保障施工安全,通过开展室内多组配合比的高弹模PVA 合成纤维混凝土硬化 收缩开裂性能试验测试进行试配,并成功应用于木寨岭公路隧道现场实际施工。在木寨岭公路隧道喷射混凝土施工中添加高弹模 PVA 合成纤维,使混凝土具有良好的抗裂、增韧性能,极限变形能力增大,混凝土的完整性提高,达到了减少初期支护混凝土产生裂 缝、控制开裂的效果。对高地应力大变形的隧道初期支护,在支护结构变形可控的条件下,抗裂性能显著,值得借鉴与推广。     

Measuring community reaction to urban transportation impacts using Von Neumann‐Morgenstern utility theory

This paper attempts to measure the impacts of urban transportation system improvements or changes on the community. The community's perceptions of the impacts are represented by its utilities (or disutilities) over various ranges of values of the multiple attributes representing these impacts. The utility technique used in the evaluation is based upon von Neumann‐Morgenstern (vN‐M, 1947) Utility Theory, and is applied using Raiffa's (1970) Fractile Method.

The paper specifically applies the technique to model the perceptions of five subgroups within a community to the impact of a new light rail transit system that is being incorporated in the transportation system of the City of Calgary.

Results of the modeling indicate explicitly how the community changes its perception over ranges of values of the attributes evaluated. Biases of various subgroups within the community over these attributes are also shown. Statistical tests indicate that aggregated utility perceptions can represent the utility perceptions of the individual subgroups quite reasonably.     

关于CASS工艺在设计过程中值得优化问题的探讨

循环式活性污泥法CASS工艺在设计过程中的经验参数较多,而规范中仅对部分参数的取值范围进行了限定,故不同设计人员的计算结果可能会有很大出入。该文结合该工艺目前在国内的使用情况,对该工艺的适用条件、部分关键参数的取值及设计过程中值得优化的问题进行了总结,以期在类似工程中可结合各工程自身特点予以应用。     

基于参数自适应方法的路面性能衰变方程研究

路面性能衰变方程是针对路面在使用过程中性能衰变的预测。应用贝叶斯估计，对路面性能衰变方程的参数自适应进行了研究，得到参数自适应的计算公式。它能够简便的计算出模型所需的参数，不需通过对整体庞大的数据进行回归。最后通过随即生成的样本对提出的自适应算法进行了检验。     

Railway wheel-flat and rail surface defect modelling and analysis by time–frequency techniques

Damage to the surface of railway wheels and rails commonly occurs in most railways. If not detected, it can result in the rapid deterioration and possible failure of rolling stock and infrastructure components causing higher maintenance costs. This paper presents an investigation into the modelling and simulation of wheel-flat and rail surface defects. A simplified mathematical model was developed and a series of experiments were carried out on a roller rig. The time–frequency analysis is a useful tool for identifying the content of a signal in the frequency domain without losing information about its time domain characteristics. Because of this, it is widely used for dynamic system analysis and condition monitoring and has been used in this paper for the detection of wheel flats and rail surface defects. Three commonly used time–frequency analysis techniques: Short-Time Fourier Transform, Wigner–Ville transform and wavelet transform were investigated in this work.     

国产内燃机车排气阀焊修后焊接过热区的脆化及使用寿命分析

本文采用焊接热模拟和时效热处理等方法处理试件,通过金相分析和性能试验,研究了内燃机车排气阀焊修后焊接过热区的脆化及其使用寿命问题.