A method of multi-channel reference signals acquiring in broadband ANC

In a flank array on an unmanned underwater vehicle （UUV）, self-generated noise which has broadband and colored spectrum property in frequency and spatial domain is the main factor affecting the performance of weak signal detection, so the technique of adaptive noise cancellation （ANC） as well as physical denoising and active noise cancellation are often used in practice. Because ANC is based on correlations, improvements in performance come from better correlation between reference signals and primary signals. Taking full advantage of the characteristics of flank arrays and the characteristics of information obtained from hydrophones, a new method for reference signal acquisition for adaptive noise cancellation is proposed, in which the multi-channel reference signals are obtained by accurate delaying for a given direction of arrival （DOA） and differencing between adjacent outputs of array elements. The validity of the proposed method was verified through system modeling simulations and lake experiments which showed good performance with little additional computational burden.     

手持式智能轮胎沟槽深度检测系统设计

针对传统轮胎沟槽深度测量工具检测效率极低、数据不准确、测量维度少和延展性差等特点,设计了一种手持式智能轮胎沟槽深度检测系统。该系统由手持式智能检测设备、手机和云平台三部分组成。手持式智能轮胎检测设备负责采集和处理轮胎沟槽深度数据;手机负责传输和显示轮胎沟槽深度数据;云平台负责分析和存储轮胎沟槽深度数据。试验结果表明,该轮胎花纹深度数据处理算法抗干扰能力强,该手持式智能轮胎沟槽深度检测系统测量效率高,可扩展性强且精度高,每条轮胎检测平均用时4 s,检测数据误差保持在3.5%范围内。     

高密度电法3D解译于道路塌陷的应用研究

研究高密度电法三维解译方法,为城市道路塌陷应急抢险及治理方案提供科学依据,具有一定社会经济效益。首先阐述了高密度电法探测地下空洞的理论基础,然后通过某城市道路因地铁开挖而导致路面塌陷的案例,应用高密度电法三维解译方法,准确探测出道路塌陷区域地下空洞的分布位置及范围。探测结果表明,空洞分布范围覆盖了路中间绿化带地面塌陷区域,空洞的中心深度距路面约2.3m。根据探测结果积极有效地治理塌陷道路,排除了较大的安全隐患。     

公路隧道衬砌背后空洞对围岩压力分布影响的研究

地质雷达检测结果表明,衬砌背后存在空洞是隧道施工质量典型缺陷之一,在缺陷段衬砌易出现开裂。尽管实际施工中对空洞进行了注浆处治,但仍常常发现衬砌裂损病害。在隧道安全评估计算中,当采用荷载结构法时,计算模型仅仅只对空洞处不施加荷载及约束条件,其它条件与没有空洞缺陷部位相同,这种计算结果与现场病害出现部位不符。介绍以数值试验为主要手段,通过地层结构法对不同部位及宽度的空洞衬砌进行分析,以期找出衬砌背后空洞对围岩压力分布影响的规律,对以往荷栽结构计算模型进行修正,为隧道衬砌结构病害评估、处治及养护措施提供理论依据。     

城市道路交通噪声的对策研究

城市道路交通噪声严重影响城市居民正常工作和休息,降低工作效率,危害身心健康。文中分析了城市道路交通噪声的污染危害及产生原因,从噪声源、传播途径、城市规划管理及法律法规4个方面提出了交通噪声的治理措施。重点分析研究了交通噪声传播规律,并提出了城市交通噪声控制方法和对策。     

喷射航行体辐射噪声机理分析

喷射航行体具有很高的速度,其辐射噪声主要含结构振动噪声和气泡脉动噪声。实测信号分析表明,低频分量基本无多普勒效应,以气泡脉动噪声为主;高频分量的空间位移速度大,以推进器壳体振动噪声为主。两类噪声对信号处理产生不同影响,表现在目标深度测量时效果各异,以气泡噪声的平滑效果为佳。     

The influence of tyres on the use of the CPX method for evaluating the effectiveness of a noise mitigation action based on low-noise road surfaces

The usage of low-noise road surface can be an important and effective noise mitigation action and, in many cases, it might represent the only viable solution. After the laying of a low-noise road surface, it is necessary to verify if the planned objectives have been actually obtained: the Close Proximity Method (CPX) could be a possible method to achieve this result.The current release of the ISO 11819 draft regarding CPX redirects to a future third part for all details about the reference tyre to be used, while the previous one gave indications on dimensions, kind of tread pattern and maintenance conditions. As well known, tyre dimensions and tread pattern are the main sources of variability of rolling noise. Even though many tyres available on the market comply with all ISO requirements, the choice of a brand or a model rather than another one could nevertheless influence results of measurements.In this work, results obtained in several measurement sessions, repeated using different tyres, are compared, aiming to analyse the influence of the tyre choice in assessing the acoustic performance of a low-noise road surface. Limitations and advantages of the CPX method in regards to the evaluation of the effectiveness of a noise mitigation action are reported, and new perspectives are suggested, in order to improve the relationship with the noise level reduction at the receiver.     

声学多普勒剖面仪测沙技术在长江口江亚北槽水域的应用

针对声学多普勒剖面仪(ADCP)测沙在长江水域是否可行的问题,同时采用ADCP与传统的六点法采集水样的测沙方法,在长江口江亚北槽水域进行试验,经过大中小潮的测量,得出完整涨落潮周期里的两种测量数据。经过数据比对发现,ADCP测沙是可行的,ADCP的声强对数变化值与悬沙浓度成正相关的线性关系,并发现水下噪声和水下气泡以及水体介质的多样性是ADCP测沙数据误差的主要来源。     

内燃机车水阻噪声特性分析

对电传内燃机车水阻试验进行了线性志功率级，指向特性，频谱特性和距离衰减等方面的噪声测量试验，所得到的一些分析数据对目前路内开展的水阻噪声理治理工作有一定的参考意义。     

城市轨道交通车流量对环境噪声的影响

对城市轨道交通噪声的主要声源及声源性质进行了研究．经过理论分析和推导，提出了线声源的处理方法，给出了城市轨道交通噪声声级与车流密度（车流量）的关系表达式及关系曲线．