地铁施工对邻近桥桩影响的研究现状与探讨

地铁施工时邻近既有构筑物的影响是城市轨道交通建设中的常见问题。在分析地铁施工时邻近桥桩影响研究现状的基础上,介绍典型实例和处理方法,提出目前研究中亟待解决的关键问题,并时未来的研究途径做出展望．     

宽容性理念在城市道路设计中的应用探讨

宽容性设计理念崇尚以人为本的道路容错、纠错功能,多用于高速公路路侧带的设计。而针对城市道路涵盖的交叉口、标志标线、防撞护栏及施工安全等多个方面的宽容性设计,目前国内的研究比较有限。为此,通过分析我国城市道路的设计现状,分别按城市道路施工区、城市主干道以及低流量交通道路几个方向提出了基于宽容性理念的设计建议,为加强城市道路安全提供具有实用性的设计参考。     

A traffic analysis zone definition: a new methodology and algorithm

This paper develops a comprehensive approach to the definition of transportation analysis zones (TAZ), and therein, presents a new methodology and algorithm for the definition of TAZ embedded in geographic information systems software, improves the base algorithm with several local algorithms, and comprehensively analyses the obtained results. The results obtained are then compared to these presently used in the transportation analysis process of the Lisbon Metropolitan Area. The proposed algorithm presents a new methodology for TAZ design based on a smoothed density surface of geocoded travel demand data. The algorithm aims to minimise the loss of information when moving from a continuous representation of the origin and destination of each trip to their discrete representations through zones, and focuses on the trade-off between the statistical precision, geographical error, and the percentage of intra-zonal trips of the resulting OD matrix. The results for the Lisbon Metropolitan Area case study suggest a significant improvement in OD matrix estimates compared to current transportation analysis practises based on administrative units.

Identifying the most critical transportation intersections using social network analysis

Traffic congestion negatively impacts our society. Most of the traditional transportation planning techniques – though effective – require rigorous amounts of data and analysis which consumes time and resources. This paper uses social network analysis (SNA) to analyze transportation networks, and consequently corroborate the effectiveness of SNA as a complementary tool for improved transportation planning. After creating the connection between the language and concepts of SNA and those of transportation systems – as well as developing a model that utilizes different SNA centrality measures within the transportation context – the authors utilize SNA to investigate traffic networks in three case studies in the state of Louisiana, analyze the results and draw conclusions. To this effect, with minimal cost and time, the model identifies the most critical intersections that should be further investigated using traditional techniques. These results are in agreement with the findings of Louisiana’s Department of Transportation and Development.     

Uncertainty analysis of the large zone economic module of the simple,efficient, elegant,and effective model (SE3M) of land use and transportation

Integrated land use and transportation forecasting models are used to assist decision-makers in the policy analysis and infrastructure capital improvement selection process. These models are typically given precise, point-estimate inputs that are mathematically linked, through a series of submodels, to forecasted model outputs. These point-estimate inputs represent an unrealistic level of precision and a growing body of research is focusing on statistical techniques to model uncertainty in model inputs and parameters and tracking the effects of this uncertainty through the various submodels to the model outputs. This paper presents an uncertainty analysis of the Large Zone Economic Module (LZEM) of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective Model (SE³M) of land use and transportation. Three case-study implementations of the model are used to obtain a reasonably sound approximation of how uncertainty affects LZEM outputs: Guam, Puerto Rico, and Oahu, Hawaii. These case studies were the subject of an early transferability study with SE³M and were selected based on both their insularity and diverse physical, economic, and demographic geographies. The findings of this research demonstrate that LZEM has a robust framework, with the potential to estimate error both in the positive and negative direction under uncertain input/parameter conditions.     

赖氨布洛芬的解热镇痛和抗炎作用

本(?)对赖氨布洛芬(Ibuprofen-Lysine IL)的药理研究表明:IL25、50mg/kg iv 或10、25 mg/kg im 对伤寒-副伤寒甲乙混合菌苗致热家兔均有解热作用,且强于安乃近。对酒石酸锑钾性小鼠扭体反应,IL25、50 mg/kg sc 均有明显抑制作用;连续7天给药对其镇痛作用不产生明显耐受性。在2天内给小鼠7次scIL,累计剂量达350或525 mg/kg 后,再sc 烯丙吗啡50 mg/kg 催(?),小鼠均无跳跃反应等戒断症状,初步说明IL 无吗啡样的依赖性.IL25、50、100 mg/kg sc 对小鼠角叉菜胶性足跖炎症、二甲苯性耳壳炎症及醋酸性腹膜炎症均有明显抗炎作用.     

试论结构主义与民俗学

结构主义始于语言学界,其影响波及诸多领域,是20世纪60、70年代以来备受瞩!?人思潮;民俗学作为一门交叉学科,在其学科发展道路上与各人思潮有着紧密的关系。结构主义运用于研究人类学、神话学以及民俗事项,从而揭示其根本的深层发展规律的目标与特征,与民俗学自身所具有的结构特征形成互动,并相互促使各自的发展。     

Computational model of conventional engine mounts for commercial vehicles: validation and application

In this paper, a computational model of conventional engine mounts for commercial vehicles comprising elastic, viscous and friction functional components, which expresses the nonlinear behaviour of the dynamic stiffness and damping of mounts as functions of both frequency and amplitude of excitation, is developed. Optimisation approach is implemented to identify model parameters using measurement data. The developed model has been validated against measurement data for harmonic excitations with a frequency range of 5–100 Hz and an amplitude range of 0.025–2 mm employing three different engine mounts used in heavy trucks. The model shows good and admissible agreement with measurement data keeping the tolerance of estimation below 11%. Simulations of engine vibration dynamics are presented with both proposed model and commonly applied Kelvin–Voigt model of the mounts. The developed model can be used in complete vehicle advanced dynamic analyses and also in the design of semi-active and active engine mounting systems for commercial vehicles.     

排烟管的安装结构分析及改进设想

对车载式油机电站排烟管的安装结构进行了分析,指出其具有工序复杂、质量控制难度大、维修性差等缺点,并提出了改进设想。结构改进后,节约了安装成本,提高了安装质量,改装效果较为理想。