四川省城乡道路客运协调发展的探索与研究

通过对四川省统筹城乡道路客运协调发展的研究,分析了四川省统筹城乡道路客运协调发展的现状与存在的主要问题,提出解决问题的对策与建议,对加快四川省统筹城乡道路客运协调发展方面有重要意义。     

基于800/900MHz频段的组合式电子收费车道设计

根据目前国内高速公路联网收费实际和技术条件,结合重庆市电子车牌项目作为省级区域国家级信息化试点的要求,提出了将基于800/900 MHz频段的组合式电子收费车道作为ETC(Electronic Toll Collection,电子不停车收费)快速通行手段的设计方案。该方案与目前MTC(Manual Toll Collection,人工半自动收费)的技术条件和实际环境兼容,并且投资成本低,具有较高的实用性和可操作性。     

Transportation of hazardous materials on Arizona's low volume roads

This paper attempts to address the issue of transporting hazardous materials and the question whether this activity constitutes a significant problem on Arizona's low volume roads. Problems related to lack of data required for most of existing risk assessment models are discussed. A preliminary risk assessment, conducted by the use of a screening model, attested that of the total state low volume road mileage, only 30% may need further, and more detailed, hazardous materials transportation risk analysis. The remaining 70% is currently free of any significant risk.     

基于进化博弈的城市中心区交通拥堵收费分析

交通拥堵收费是解决道路拥堵问题的有效措施。假设使用小汽车到达拥挤收费区域边界的出行者可通过2种方式到达拥挤收费中心区：小汽车直达及停车换乘公共交通（P＆R）。对于出行者甲（对小汽车出行需求偏刚性）、乙（对小汽车出行需求偏弹性）,采用进化博弈的方法,建立效益矩阵,分析在不同政府定价条件下两者出行方式选择行为的演化模型。结果表明,政府交通拥堵收费对出行者出行方式选择行为的演化起着重要作用,不同的定价区间会使得出行方式向不同的稳定状态演变。分析各种定价区间下出行者出行方式选择行为。     

基于AHP的道桥建设最佳顺序决策计算

在城市交通建设规划中桥梁对区域经济发展的带动及交通出行带来重要的影响，而对于一定规划期内即将建设的多道桥，采取怎样的顺序才能达到建设的最大收益。文中建立了用于规划中的多道桥最佳建设顺序的层次模型，给出了多目标模糊决策的数学模型。确定了各种影响因素的模糊录属度函数，应用层次分析方法确定了各个影响因素的权重。并以兰州市为例提出了应用多目标模糊决策的方法来实现在多种模糊因素影响下的桥梁建设最佳顺序分析。     

A macroscopic theory of two-lane rural roads

A macroscopic theory for predicting the operation on two-lane, two-way roads is proposed. In this theory, the interaction between fast and slow vehicles obeys Newell’s kinematic wave theory of moving bottlenecks. Calibration is not required as all parameters are fully observable. Closed-form expressions for the capacity, average speed, percent time spent following and overtaking rates are proposed and the biases of current practice are identified. Comparisons between the proposed theory and empirical data are also included.     

连续性、整体性在道路景观设计中的运用

以金华市金东新区李渔路道路景观设计为例,论述了连续性、整体性在道路景观设计中的重要作用,以及节奏感在景观布局、植物配置中的合理运用。从而使道路景观成为整个城市的景观纽带。     

Induced traffic and economic appraisal

Economic appraisal of major roads in the UK is based on a set of standard procedures and conventions. A central assumption has been that the volume and pattern of traffic in any given year is independent of the quality of service offered by the network — the fixed trip matrix assumption. Failing to consider induced traffic can have serious consequences for the accuracy and robustness of the measured traffic benefits from road improvements. Assessment of the wider economic benefits of roads, which is an important political imperative for road investment, is also made more difficult. Two conclusions are reached. Variable trip matrix methods need to be introduced for the appraisal of major road schemes, and scheme appraisal needs to be complemented by a more strategic area-wide approach to evaluation. In responding to its advisory committee (SACTRA), the UK Department of Transport has accepted the first of these conclusions and is cautiously favourable to the second.     

高速公路收费标准的动态调整分析

为了充分发挥高速公路的巨大社会经济效益,使之持续、健康、快速的发展,我们必须对收费标准进行实时、动态的调整,从而保证费率的公平性和合理性,并达到预期收费目的。从收费标准的调整时机入手,然后就交通量、收费系数、资金来源等方面因素进行详细分析和说明,最后概括阐述了具体实施时有关事宜。     

基于时间价值的道路收费标准模型建立与仿真分析

中国高速公路建设始于20世纪80年代束，到目前为止，高速公路收费标准的确定主要来自于经验，为一种政府行为。针对当前收费标准制定中存在的不足，从公路使用者角度出发，建立了基于时间价值的公路网络双层规划模型；结合一个实际案例，通过基于步长加速法和惩罚函数法的启发式算法对模型求解，利用实际数据进行仿真，从而确定最优收费方案；最后对仿真结果进行讨论比较，并分析了模型的可行性。