考虑堆填界面软化及地下水位波动的大型弃渣场边坡稳定性分析

弃渣场是基础建设中的重要附属设施,近年来业界对弃渣场边坡稳定与安全十分关注.针对弃渣场长期运行中堆填界面软化和地下水位波动这2种典型致灾因子,本文在地质补勘、岩土试验和变形监测的基础上,采用强度折减有限元法模拟研究了一大型弃渣场的典型失稳机制和稳态演化规律.研究发现由于地表入渗的长期淋溶和地下水浸润作用,依附堆填界面产生黏粒充填现象和强度软化效应,从而诱发依附堆填界面的应变局部化,导致边坡潜在失稳模式的转变、松动区的扩大和边坡稳态的下降,弃渣场设计与运行过程中,应对堆填界面软化效应予以重视.对监测数据反映的雨季地下水位上浮2m的工况进行校核计算,以及地下水位进一步抬升条件下的边坡稳态模拟预测,表明在遭遇极端降雨事件或排水设施失效等恶劣工况下,该弃渣场具有安全储备不足的风险,因此需要加强地下水位监测和地下排水设施维护,保障弃渣场边坡的长期稳定与安全.本文提出的评价思路、方法和成果可供类似弃渣场边坡稳定性评价借鉴.     

基于符号回归算法的地铁盾构刀盘扭矩预测研究

为了提高盾构机工作效率、降低施工成本,依托深圳地铁8号线某盾构区间段工程,基于符号回归(Symbolic Regression)算法,对不同掌子面的刀盘扭矩进行了预测。分析了推力、土仓压力以及贯入度变化及换刀对扭矩的影响。结果表明,贯入度增大会导致扭矩增加,但是土仓压力的增加可能会降低扭矩。扭矩模拟数学模型具有较高精度,模型中自变量变动引起因变量变化的趋势与现实情况一致。     

基于Q参数化控制器的无刷直流电机调速系统

提出了一种新的电机调速方法,并将其应用到无刷直流电机的驱动控制中.该驱动系统的所有稳定控制器均可用一个独立的Q参数来描述,由该控制器构成的速度环不仅能消除电机脉动转矩引起的速度波动,同时对其他形式的速度干扰也能进行很好的抑制.仿真结果表明:在系统参数发生变化及存在噪声的情况下,在参考速度和负载转矩发生改变时,本文提出的控制策略都能获得鲁棒稳定性和良好的动态性能.     

永磁同步电动机模糊直接转矩控制的研究

为了提高系统的稳定性和响应速度，将模糊控制技术用于永磁同步电动机控制中，提出了一种新的模糊控制方案．引入零矢量控制，对模糊控制规则进行简化．仿真实验结果表明，与一般直接转距控制相比，模糊直接转距控制的磁链轨迹更接近于圆形；转速能在很短的时间内上升到稳定值；当受到外部干扰时，转距能快速、平稳地变化，达到新的稳态值；电流稳态波形的高频成分大大减少．     

声波透射法检测基桩完整性的影响因素

在介绍声波透射法测试的基本原理基础之上,对声波透射法检测中扶正器和声测管管径导致的声时波动进行了分析,并提出可以将声测管作为钢筋笼的一部分在桩基的整体结构中发挥作用。     

电压源三相四开关逆变器调制策略简

电压源三相四开关逆变器作为一种故障容错拓扑结构,其负载一相端点接至直流母线中点,利用2个桥臂完成对三相负载线电压的调制。然而在这种拓扑结构下,连接直流母线中点的相电流势必流经上下2只电容,造成电容电压波动。为了尽可能消除由于电容电压波动对调制输出电压造成的影响,文章从输出电压频谱入手分析了造成影响的原因,并且提出了一种新的调制策略来抵消这种波动所造成的影响。调制方案物理概念清晰,计算简单、方便、可靠,仿真和实验结果验证了分析的正确性和方案的可行性。     

高压共轨喷油器压力波动与针阀响应解耦分析

多次喷射过程中,不同喷射之间的相互影响导致循环喷油量的控制难度增大。建立了高压共轨系统的AMESim仿真模型,通过数值仿真和试验测试相结合的方法,揭示了喷油器内部压力波动和针阀开启阶段动作响应的强耦合作用是导致主喷油量随喷射间隔波动的根本原因,当主喷油量基准值为60．0 mm3时,其波动量最大可达3．6 mm3。建立了共轨系统的无阻尼 L C液力系统模型,通过对模型的分析,针对强耦合作用提出了减小喷油器内部油道长径比和盛油槽容积的解耦方法。对解耦方法的仿真试验验证表明,采用解耦方法后压力波动和针阀响应的耦合程度降低53％。     

A theoretical model of speed-dependent steering torque for rolling tyres

ABSTRACT

It is well known that the tyre steering torque is highly dependent on the tyre rolling speed. In limited cases, i.e. parking manoeuvre, the steering torque approaches the maximum. With the increasing tyre speed, the steering torque decreased rapidly. Accurate modelling of the speed-dependent behaviour for the tyre steering torque is a key factor to calibrate the electric power steering (EPS) system and tune the handling performance of vehicles. However, no satisfactory theoretical model can be found in the existing literature to explain this phenomenon. This paper proposes a new theoretical framework to model this important tyre behaviour, which includes three key factors: (1) tyre three-dimensional transient rolling kinematics with turn-slip; (2) dynamical force and moment generation; and (3) the mixed Lagrange–Euler method for contact deformation solving. A nonlinear finite-element code has been developed to implement the proposed approach. It can be found that the main mechanism for the speed-dependent steering torque is due to turn-slip-related kinematics. This paper provides a theory to explain the complex mechanism of the tyre steering torque generation, which helps to understand the speed-dependent tyre steering torque, tyre road feeling and EPS calibration.     

Practicability study on the suitability of artificial,neural networks for the approximation of unknown steering torques

For steer-by-wire systems, the steering feedback must be generated artificially due to the system characteristics. Classical control concepts require operating-point driven optimisations as well as increased calibration efforts in order to adequately simulate the steering torque in all driving states. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) are an innovative control concept; they are capable of learning arbitrary non-linear correlations without complex knowledge of physical dependencies. The present study investigates the suitability of neural networks for approximating unknown steering torques. To ensure robust processing of arbitrary data, network training with a sufficient volume of training data is required, that represents the relation between the input and target values in a wide range. The data were recorded in the course of various test drives. In this research, a variety of network topologies were trained, analysed and evaluated. Though the fundamental suitability of ANNs for the present control task was demonstrated.     

边界元法在液力变矩器内流场中的应用

本文建立了适用于液力变拒器导轮叶栅内流场流动状态的边界元法计算 模型和计算程序,利用激光测速仪获取边界条件,从而得到了导轮叶松 内部二维速度场。此外,通过与实测值比较,检验了程序的精度。