拱辅梁桥拱肋合理矢跨比的确定

拱肋矢跨比对拱辅梁桥的力学特性影响大,为寻求其合理范围,以梁拱相同刚度比而不同矢跨比为条件,从自振模态和多遇及罕遇地震作用下结构动力响应角度,结合工程实例,运用时程分析法及多自由度体系简化的滞回曲线,研究矢跨比变化对全桥变位及内力影响的规律,并提出相应的合理设计范围.研究表明,拱肋矢跨比主要影响横桥向、竖向位移及内力,且矢跨比为1/5时桥梁抗震性能最优;对于多自由度体系变位组合中的主要成分得出的简化滞回曲线,由其定性分析得出的结论能与一般时程分析得出的结论一致.     

基于站点取消与合并原理的公交站距优化方法

通过公交站距优化可以缩短单程公交线路公交车的运行时间,提高公交服务水平.以公共汽车客运能力和最优平均站距为站距优化的定量指标,以客流需求量及站距选取两方面相结合作为站距优化时站点合并或取消的依据,得出以距离为分配原则的客流需求量分配模型方法.最后以长春市265公交车为例进行案例分析,得出该优化原理节省了乘客乘车的时间,...     

Long-term correlation structure of wave loads using simulation

This paper proposes a new method for combining the lifetime wave-induced sectional forces and moments that are acting on the ship structure. The method is based on load simulation and can be used to determine the exceedance probabilities of any linear and nonlinear long-term load combination. It can also be used to determine the long-term correlation structure between these loads in the form of the long-term correlation coefficients. They are essential part of the load combination procedures in design and strength evaluations as well as in the fatigue and reliability analysis of ship structures.The simulation method treats the non-stationary wave elevations during the ship’s entire life (long-term) as a sequence of different stationary Gaussian stochastic processes. It uses the rejection sampling technique for the sea state generation, depending on the ship’s current position and the season. Ship’s operational profile is then determined conditional on the current sea state and the ship’s position along its route. The sampling technique significantly reduces the number of sea state-operational profile combinations required for achieving the convergence of the long-term statistical properties of the loads. This technique can even be used in combination with the existing long-term methods in order to reduce the number of required weightings of the short-term CDFs. The simulation method does, however, rely on the assumption that the ship is a linear system, but no assumptions are needed regarding the short-term CDF of the load peaks.The load time series are simulated from the load spectra in each sea state, taking into account the effects of loading condition, heading, speed, seasonality, voluntary as well as involuntary speed reduction in severe sea states and the short-crested nature of the ocean waves. During the simulation procedure, special care has been given to maintaining the correct phase relation between all the loads. Therefore, time series of various load combinations, including the nonlinear ones, can be obtained and their correlation structure examined. The simulation time can be significantly reduced (to the order of minutes rather than hours and days) by introducing the seasonal variations of the ocean waves into a single voyage simulation. The estimate of the long-term correlation coefficient, obtained by simulating only a single voyage with the correct representation of seasonality, approaches the true correlation coefficient in probability. This method can be applied to any ship and any route, or multiple routes as long as the percentage of the ship’s total lifetime spent in each of them is known.A study has been conducted to investigate the effects of ship type, route and the longitudinal position of the loads on the values of the correlation coefficients between six different sectional loads; vertical, horizontal and twisting moments, as well as shear, horizontal and axial forces. Three ocean-going ship types have been considered; bulk carrier, containership and tanker, all navigating on one of the three busy ship routes; North America-Europe, Asia-North America and Asia-Europe. Finally, the correlation coefficient estimates have been calculated for five different positions along the ship’s length to investigate the longitudinal variation of the correlation coefficient.     

洗煤废水处理絮凝剂优化选择研究

针对高浓度洗煤废水的水质特征,对各类常用絮凝剂进行了筛选,优化了絮凝反应处理条件.最终确定Al2(SO4)3和聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)为最佳絮凝剂组合,投加量分别控制在50 g/m3和0.5 g/m3条件下,SS去除率可达到99.43％,出水SS浓度为30.3 mg/L,可以满足洗煤工艺回用水水质要求(SS浓度≤300 m...     

汽车列车电控制动系统制动力分配的控制算法

为汽车列车提出了一种基于滑移率的电控制动系统制动力分配算法,即根据不同情况,使牵引车后轮和半挂车车轮的目标滑移率随牵引车前轮滑移率而变化.运用Matlab/Simulink和Trucksim软件进行列车在高附着和低附着路面上行驶的联合仿真,结果表明该算法能缩短汽车列车的制动距离,提高了制动稳定性.     

超深基坑防渗设计和施工研究

目前,超深基坑没有统一的认定标准,设计及施工存在着许多难点,一旦出现问题会造成较大的经济损失和安全事故。通过一个具体的工程实例,提出了高喷封底和降水井结合的防渗方案。对超深基坑的设计、施工提出了以施工时间最短为管理目标的建议,并总结了经验和教训,以供类似工程参考。     

上海长江大桥设计技术简述

上海长江大桥是国家公路网规划中上海至西安高速公路的重要组成部分,是目前我国最大的公路与轨道交通合建的跨江桥梁。设计中开发与应用了公路轨道交通合建、组合梁、大型预制构件、节段拼装主梁等设计新技术,为大桥的建设提供了技术支撑。就上海长江大桥的设计技术作简要介绍。     

苏州河堤防达标改造近远结合处理方案研究

工程建设应避免由于建设主体不同而导致项目融合受限的问题.苏州河环境综合整治四期堤防达标改造工程通过采用组合装配式二级挡墙、排放口增设闸门井、房屋紧邻岸段钢筋混凝土延伸底板、墙后考虑合理的堆载余量,在工程解决实际问题的同时,统筹考虑了后期工程的衔接问题.