模糊逻辑推理在消除交通流诱导负效应中的应用

针对交通流诱导可能产生的负效应问题,提出了诱导负效应消除的原理和模糊逻辑推理方法。在原理设计中,考虑了出行者的出行行为对网络交通流分配的影响;在实现方法上,应用模糊推理技术对分流交通量进行了预测,并设计了路线交叉口信号灯配时方案调整的模糊控制算法,模拟结果验证了模糊逻辑推理技术的有效性。研究表明:交通流诱导负效应的产生主要是由于信息条件下的道路出行者路线选择行为的不确定性引起的,而且交通流诱导与控制同时进行是消除交通流诱导负效应产生的关键。     

旧水泥混凝土路面FWD实测数据的分析

基于某国道的FWD实测数据,分析FWD参数与旧水泥混凝土路面状况(现场调查实录及测试数据)间的某些相关性,探索旧水泥混凝土板的接缝传荷能力、弯曲刚度、综合承载能力等定性或定量的判别方法,提出利用FWD加载中心弯沉值总水平评价旧水泥混凝土路面综合承载能力的设想。     

昆明东风路立交桥动载试验分析

桥梁结构的动力特性(振型、频率和阻尼)是桥梁承载力评定的重要参数,同时也是识别桥梁结构工作性能和桥梁抗震分析的重要参数,本文通过昆明东风路立交桥的动载试验,分析桥梁在不同工况下动应变、动挠度、频率和阻尼以及影响实测冲击系数的原因。对全面地评价桥梁结构有重要意义。     

电站600 MW机组P91三通的设计制造

采用压力面积法对电站 6 0 0MW机组主蒸汽管道P91材质三通进行设计 ,应用有限元对设计模型进行验证 ,通过改进常规径向补偿热压工艺 ,成功制造出 6 0 0MW机组P91钢 90°热挤压三通。通过检验和试验 ,表明其可替代进口锻制 6 0 0MW机组P91钢 90°三通。     

An Exploration of the Relationship between Timing and Duration of Maintenance Activities

The timing and duration of an activity episode are two important temporal aspects of activity-travel behavior. Understanding the causal relationship between these two variables would be useful in the development of activity-based travel demand modeling systems. This paper investigates the relationship between these two variables by considering two different causal structures – one structure in which time-of-day choice is determined first and influences duration and a second structure in which activity duration is determined first and affects time-of-day choice. These two structures are estimated within a discrete-continuous simultaneous equations framework employing a full-information maximum likelihood methodology that allows error covariance. The estimation is performed separately for commuter and non-commuter samples drawn from a 1996 household travel survey data set from the Tampa Bay area in Florida. The results of the model estimation effort show that the causal structure in which activity duration precedes or affects activity timing (time of day choice) performs better for the non-commuter sample. For the commuter sample, the findings were less conclusive with both causal structures offering equally good statistical measures of fit. In addition, for the commuter sample, all error correlations were found to be zero. These two findings suggest that time of day choice and activity episode duration are only loosely related for the commuter sample, possibly due to the relatively non-discretionary and inflexible work activity and travel.     

Bus Priority Using pre-signals

The need to provide efficient public transport services in urban areas has led to the implementation of bus priority measures in many congested cities. Much interest has recently centred on priority at signal controlled junctions, including the concept of pre-signals, where traffic signals are installed at or near the end of a with-flow bus lane to provide buses with priority access to the downstream junction. Although a number of pre-signals have now been installed in the U.K., particularly in London, there has been very little published research into their design, operation and optimisation. This paper addresses these points through the development of analytical procedures which allow pre-implementation evaluation of specific categories of pre-signals. The paper initially sets out three categories of pre-signal, which have different operating characteristics, different requirements for signalling and different impacts on capacity and delay. Key issues concerning signalling arrangements for these categories are then discussed, together with a summary of the analytical approach adopted and the assumptions required. Equations are developed to allow appropriate signal timings to be calculated for pre-signalised intersections. Further equations are then developed to enable delays to priority and non-priority traffic, with and without pre-signals, to be estimated with delay being taken here as the key performance criterion. The paper concludes with three application examples illustrating how the equations are applied and the impacts of pre-signals in different situations.The analyses confirm the potential benefits of pre-signals, where these signals apply to non-priority traffic only. Where buses are also subject to a pre-signal, it is shown that disbenefits to buses can often occur, unless bus detectors are used to gain priority signalling.     

深圳市“5.24”暴雨洪水灾后的反思

1998年5月24日，深圳市暴雨成灾，经济损失很大。本文总结和分析了暴雨洪水的特性及其成灾的原因，提出防洪减灾的措施和建议。     

北京城市交通发展战略研究

本文综合分析了北京城市交通现状，运用生产力布局的理论对北京城市交通拥堵的原因进行分析，探索了国内外大城市交通发展的最新趋势，根据发展“首都经济”的要求．提出解决北京城市交通拥堵问题，必须采取标本兼治，并提出北京城市交通发展战略研究的有关建议。.     

以位移为基础的钢筋混凝土连续梁桥抗震设计方法

利用等效线性化方法将钢筋混凝土(RC)连续梁桥结构简化为多自由度线弹性体系,采用振型反应谱的概念研究了结构在横向地震作用下考虑多阶模态效应的直接基于位移的抗震设计方法。探讨了连续梁桥的上部结构(主梁)及桥墩(台)刚度的变化对结构横向振动模态质量与模态周期的影响,给出了多阶模态设计方法的具体设计过程。对对称与非对称连续梁桥采用相同的设计步骤进行基于位移的抗震设计,并对设计算例用非线性时程分析验证了设计结果的合理性。     

路堤荷载下管桩复合地基设计理论的试验研究

介绍了管桩复合地基在某高速公路软基试验工程中的应用,并简单分析了其加固效果,进而结合已有的研究成果,提出了一套路堤下刚性桩复合地基的设计理论。通过工程实践表明,该设计理论具有在工程实践中推广运用的价值。