On the effect of unsupported sleepers on the dynamic behaviour of a railway track

The effect of unsupported sleepers on the dynamic behaviour of a railway track is studied based on vehicle–track dynamic interaction theory, using a model of the track as a Timoshenko beam supported on a periodic elastic foundation. Considering the vehicle's running speed and the number of unsupported sleepers, the track dynamic characteristics are investigated and verified in the time and frequency domains by experiments on a 1:5 scale model wheel–rail test rig. The results show that when hanging sleepers are present, leading to a discontinuous and irregular track support, additional wheel–rail interaction forces are generated. These forces increase as further sleepers become unsupported and as the vehicle's running speed increases. The adjacent supports experience increased dynamic forces which will lead to further deterioration of track quality and the formation of long wavelength track irregularities, which worsen the vehicles’ running stability and riding comfort. Stationary transfer functions measurements of the dynamic behaviour of the track are also presented to support the findings.     

青藏高原多年冻土区通风管路基传热规律研究

研究目的：通风管路基作为一种新型的路基结构，具有降低多年冻土地温抬升路基人为上限的性能，对多年冻土区铁路的建设及运营提供安全保证。本文结合青藏高原多年冻土区特殊的气候条件及空气流通特征，对通风管内空气对流形式进行分析，并通过传热学基本理论对多年冻土区通风管路基体的传热规律进行研究。研究结果：文章经过系统分析和研究，提出了青藏高原多年冻土区通风管路基的传热理论。认为青藏高原多年冻土区通风管路基的传热方式主要为空气的强迫对流、自然对流及热传导3种，并通过理论计算及试验得出使通风管路基达到最大功效的合理的长径比。     

地铁车辆回送方法的研究

制动系统是城市轨道交通车辆的关键系统之一,其工作可靠性直接关系到列车的运行安全。回送试验是保证地铁车辆安全押运的重要环节,本文阐述了地铁车辆各个制动系统的回送工作原理、回送管路铺设和连接方法,并总结了地铁车辆在回送试验和押运过程中的注意事项。     

船用发电机组电气硬故障的原因分析及检查方法

文章根据一例船用发电机组的接地故障实例,论述船用发电机绕组常见的硬故障原因及后果,分析了解决硬故障的方法,旨在提高船舶机电管理人员对船用运行发电机组的维护管理能力,确保船舶电站的安全运行。     

不同温度与荷电状态下锂离子电池传荷电阻估计

基于锂离子电池伪二维模型并考虑老化机理建立电化学模型,基于该模型提出了在不同荷电状态和温度下传荷电阻折算方法。在4种不同循环老化工况后,通过获取不同温度和荷电状态下的电化学阻抗谱得到相应的传荷电阻,并采用该折算方法进行不同状态下传荷电阻折算,结果表明折算的平均误差小于9%。该折算方法为利用不同温度和荷电状态下的传荷电阻进行电池寿命状态估计提供了新思路。     

Effect of wave boundary layer on sea-to-air dimethylsulfide transfer velocity during typhoon passage

A full-spectral third-generation ocean wind–wave model (Wavewatch-III) implemented in the South China Sea is used to investigate the effects of the wave boundary layer on the drag coefficient and the sea-to-air transfer velocity of dimethylsulfide (DMS) during passage of Typhoon Wukong (September 5–11, 2000) with a maximum sustained wind speed of 38 m s^− 1. The model is driven by the reanalyzed surface winds (1° × 1°, four times daily) from the National Centers for Environmental Prediction. It is found that the wave boundary layer evidently enhances (16.5%) the drag coefficient (in turn increases the momentum flux across the air–sea interface), and reduces (13.1%) the sea-to-air DMS transfer velocity (in turn decreases the sea-to-air DMS flux). This indicates the possibility of important roles of wave boundary layer in atmospheric DMS contents and global climate system.     

沥青混合料转运车在沥青路面施工中的应用

该文指出沥青混合料离析主要是指级配离析和温度离析。通过试验分析,转运车的应用可以减小级配差异,消除温度差异,改善路面平整度,保证沥青路面施工质量,提高道路使用寿命。该文还指出转运车在使用过程中有许多问题要注意;同时,为提高路面质量要注重各个施工过程的控制。     

接触线及承力索终锚线夹的改进探讨

通过对传统使用的GLCN250接触线终锚线夹及接头线夹、LBGLJ185终锚线夹及接头线夹存在问题的探讨,对终锚线夹提出了减小楔子的锥度,在楔子内表面加工内螺纹,加宽空心楔子开槽宽度等改进措施。     

Numerical prediction of the dilution process and its biological impacts in CO2 ocean sequestration

 In order to investigate the biological impacts of the ocean sequestration of CO₂ (carbon dioxide), the dilution processes of CO₂ were investigated near injection points in the deep ocean. From a combined fluid-dynamics, chemical, and biological approach, a two-phase computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method with mass transfer was developed to predict droplet plume flow, the dissolution of CO₂ from droplets into seawater, and the advection–diffusion of dissolved CO₂ (DCO₂) in the deep ocean. Changes in pH due to the concentration of DCO₂ were also calculated. In addition, the isomortality concept of Auerbach et al. was incorporated to predict the lethal damage to marine organisms caused by DCO₂. The simulation results suggested that the biological impacts of CO₂ sequestration were insignificant in terms of mortality in both small-scale field experiments and the real-life cases we propose. Received: October 3, 2001 / Accepted: December 14, 2001     

高层建筑供暖系统的探讨

介绍高层建筑供暖系统的几种直接连接方式———传统 的分层式供暖系统、双水箱分层式供暖系统、高层建筑无水箱 直连供暖系统,探讨高层给水工程中无负压管网自动增压给水 设备在高层建筑供暖系统中的应用,分析比较各系统的系统设 置、优势及其弊病。