青岛地铁隧道爆破开挖振动控制研究

研究目的:以青岛地铁3号线试验段工程为背景,通过对隧道掘进向地表振动速度检测试验,得到浅埋隧道开挖爆破不同作用类型炮孔引起的地表振动特性及其衰减规律,并在不降低循环进尺的前提下,提出有效的降振措施。研究结论:开挖掌子面上不同的炮孔爆破类型其衰减规律有所不同,随着爆破起爆段别的增加,衰减公式中的K值逐渐递减,α基本保持不变;根据K、α值的变化规律和影响因素,采取了增加中心孔优化掏槽方案、调整起爆顺序、减轻爆破夹制作用的措施,爆破振动降低到1.5 cm/s以下。     

基于轮轴和雷达传感器的列车测速测距系统设计与仿真

设计了一种轮轴速度传感器和雷达速度传感器相结合的列车测速测距系统。该系统针对测速轮对空转/滑行造成的轮轴速度传感器测速测距误差问题,建立了空转/滑行检测判断模型和空转/滑行过程中的列车速度和走行距离误差校正模型。在实验室环境下搭建了该测速测距仿真系统,通过仿真试验验证了模型的有效性。该系统提高了列车测速测距的精度和可靠性。     

兔心房室隔过渡细胞的传导性及其电生理基础

目的　探索过渡细胞电生理特性与形态特征间的内在联系。方法　选 10只家兔做房室隔水平面及矢状面连续切片 ,HE染色观察。另 2 0只家兔采用标准玻璃微电极技术测定房室隔区正向传导速度。结果　房室结后方有两束过渡纤维分别延续至冠状窦口及其下方 ,分别为右后房结束和右下房结束 ,传导速度分别为 (0 .0 5 9± 0 .0 18)m·s-1和(0 .0 5 8± 0 .0 15 )m·s-1(P >0 .0 5 )。界嵴下段普通房肌传导速度为 (0 .2 0 3± 0 .0 4 0 )m·s-1。与前两者间均有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 1)。另外 ,过渡细胞动作电位有 4期自动除极 ,最大舒张电位 (- 6 3± 6 )mV ,普通房肌细胞无 4期自动除极 ,静息电位 (- 72± 4 )mV ,两者有显著性差异 (P <0 .0 5 )。结论　过渡细胞属慢反应自律细胞 ,传导速度比普通房肌慢。     

鹅公岩大桥通航条件试验研究

根据鹅公岩大桥桥区河段水工模型试验资料 ,通过对大桥修建前后桥位处的通航净空尺度、整个桥区河段上、下行水流条件及航道尺度的影响分析 ,表明鹅公岩大桥修建后对通航影响甚小 ,桥位及桥型方案合理可行 .     

Improving rail network velocity: A machine learning approach to predictive maintenance

Rail network velocity is defined as system-wide average speed of line-haul movement between terminals. To accommodate increased service demand and load on rail networks, increase in network velocity, without compromising safety, is required. Among many determinants of overall network velocity, a key driver is service interruption, including lowered operating speed due to track/train condition and delays caused by derailments. Railroads have put significant infrastructure and inspection programs in place to avoid service interruptions. One of the key measures is an extensive network of wayside mechanical condition detectors (temperature, strain, vision, infrared, weight, impact, etc.) that monitor the rolling-stock as it passes by. The detectors are designed to alert for conditions that either violate regulations set by governmental rail safety agencies or deteriorating rolling-stock conditions as determined by the railroad.Using huge volumes of historical detector data, in combination with failure data, maintenance action data, inspection schedule data, train type data and weather data, we are exploring several analytical approaches including, correlation analysis, causal analysis, time series analysis and machine learning techniques to automatically learn rules and build failure prediction models. These models will be applied against both historical and real-time data to predict conditions leading to failure in the future, thus avoiding service interruptions and increasing network velocity. Additionally, the analytics and models can also be used for detecting root cause of several failure modes and wear rate of components, which, while do not directly address network velocity, can be proactively used by maintenance organizations to optimize trade-offs related to maintenance schedule, costs and shop capacity. As part of our effort, we explore several avenues to machine learning techniques including distributed learning and hierarchical analytical approaches.     

基于SUKF滤波的INS/DVL组合导航研究

惯性导航系统(INS)长时间自主工作存在误差积累,采用INS与多普勒速度计程仪(DVL)组合的方案导航.针对组合导航系统状态维数较高,采用算法实现和估计精度优于传统扩展卡尔曼滤波的尺度变换模式的UKF(SUKF)方法.仿真结果表明,采用SUKF滤波方法实现INS/DVL组合导航是可行的.     

Decoupling control in velocity-varying four-wheel steering vehicles with H∞ performance by longitudinal velocity and yaw rate feedback

In this paper, decoupling control with H_∞ performance for four-wheel steering (4WS) vehicles under varying longitudinal velocity is studied. A novel control scheme for a nonlinear model of three states, respectively, the longitudinal and lateral velocities, and yaw rate, is proposed to address this issue. The scheme is composed of two varying-parameter controllers designing problems for both longitudinal and lateral systems with coupling performance. Varying parameters of both these controllers depend only on longitudinal velocity. Controlled by these controllers, the longitudinal system is decoupled with lateral velocity and yaw rate, and the lateral system is input–output decoupling with H_∞ performance. In addition, feedback signals are the longitudinal velocity and yaw rate, hence observations or measurements of lateral velocity are not necessary. Simulations show that vehicles controlled by our scheme are input–output diagonal decoupling and execute very well while longitudinal velocity varies in a large range, coupling appears between longitudinal and lateral systems, and external disturbances do exist. In summary, this control scheme can improve handling characteristics, safety and comfort proved from theory to practice in this paper.     

浅谈水闸工程中的消能防冲计算

消能防冲计算是水闸工程设计中的重要环节,消力池、海漫段、防冲槽等消能防冲设施的结构尺寸都需要通过计算确定.水闸设计规范给出了相应的消能防冲计算公式.结合工程实例,从计算水位组合的选取、河道不冲流速及允许流量的计算、闸门开度及过闸流量的确定、消能防冲计算过程、消能防冲设施布置等几个方面对水闸工程中的消能防冲计算及消能防冲设施设计进行了简要介绍.     

泥水盾构水平直管内石碴起动速度研究

泥水盾构环流系统是将开挖下的石碴从掘进界面输送出来的核心系统,石碴在环流管道内的流动特性是决定石碴能否顺利输送的关键。论文基于计算流体力学和离散单元法建立泥水盾构环流系统水平直管内石碴运动模型,研究石碴形状系数、等容粒径和数量对石碴起动速度的影响。仿真研究结果表明： 在石碴等容粒径相等情况下,不同形状的石碴起动速度大小顺序为： 椭球体>扁平状>近球形;当石碴等容粒径为38.5、42.5、53.3、56.2、58 mm时,石碴起动速度分别为0.48、1.06、1.26、2.36、4.7 m/s,随等容粒径的增大呈指数增大;随数量的增多呈对数增长,多颗粒起动速度随数量的增多增幅较为平缓,最大增幅为21%。     

复合地层泥水盾构环流关键参数选择探析

为研究复合地层泥水盾构泥水环流参数选择的问题,结合狮子洋隧道盾构工程,采用泥浆临界沉淀流速计算方法计算软弱地层和软硬不均地层所需的泥浆送、排量,并运用费祥俊模型试验公式进行验算。由于复合地层地质条件的复杂性,泥水盾构环流参数的影响因素较多,结合以上计算结果分析不同地层特性对泥浆送、排量的影响。研究结果表明： 1）2种方法的泥浆送、排量计算结果相差不大,证明泥浆临界沉淀流速计算方法具有准确性和合理性; 2）在软硬不均地层进行泥水盾构施工时,应加大泥浆送、排量,以减少输送颗粒在排浆管内滑移、平动,同时减少舱内积碴和泥浆管的磨损。研究结果可为复合地层下的泥水盾构施工提供参考。