里海远洋渔船无人机舱系统研究

针对我国远洋渔船装备落后、操纵性差、机舱环境恶劣、电站管理水平低、劳动强度大以及渔船机舱自动化水平低等问题,介绍里海远洋渔船无人机舱系统的设计与组成。通过采用主机遥控系统、电站功率管理系统、机舱监测报警系统以及网络通信等技术,将自动化、电气化、信息化和智能化控制技术等船舶前沿科技应用于实船,构建一个满足法国船级社(BV)机舱自动化最高等级AUT-UMS要求的无人机舱系统,以提高远洋渔船的操控性、安全性和可靠性,提升供电系统自动化管理水平,改善作业人员工作环境。对该自动化系统的效果和特点进行分析,结果可为我国远洋渔船自动化系统的研究提供策略和思路。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

Formulating cargo inventory costs for liner shipping network design

This study examines how to incorporate the inventory costs of containerized cargoes into existing liner service planning models such that the designed networks could be improved while not causing extra modeling/computational burden. Two approaches are compared: (i) not considering the inventory costs at all and (ii) incorporating the inventory costs associated with onboard time and those related to transshipment by assuming a fixed connection time. The two models are compared with the ideal model capturing the exact inventory costs on a route choice problem and a capacity planning problem based on extensive randomly generated and practical numerical experiments. The results show that: first, ignoring the inventory costs in service planning models may lead to network design with much higher costs (poor network design decisions); second, in service planning models assuming weekly frequency, the inventory costs associated with onboard time could be formulated exactly, and those related to the connection time of weekly services could be approximated by assuming fixed connection time of 3.5 days for ports with 1 day’s minimum connection time and 4.5 days for ports with 2 days’ minimum connection time.     

A logit-based model for measuring the effects of transportation infrastructure on land value

Mutual interactions between transportation and land use have long been debated. Despite progress made in computational technology, the study of these interactions is not adequately developed. The most important aspect of such interactions is given by the changes in land values due to changes in transportation infrastructures. We consider the behavioural features of these interactions along with the constraints on the land and/or zoning restrictions and propose a reliable model for the first time to predict land value changes with respect to changes in transportation facilities and accessibility. The proposed model is a logit-based mathematical programming methodology where the relative price of land is predicted with respect to transportation accessibility, neighbourhood amenities, location premium, availability of land, and zoning regulations. A real-world case study is used to exhibit the applicability of the proposed methodology and demonstrate the efficacy of the algorithms and procedures.     

预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥混凝土疲劳应力限值研究

大量预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥在服役期内发生腹板斜裂缝病害,引发了研究人员对于混凝土疲劳应力问题的探讨．结合中国的预应力混凝土桥涵设计规范与混凝土结构设计规范（GB50010—2002）、英国BSEN1992—1—1混凝土设计细则、欧洲CEB—FIPMC1990规范和美国AASHTO2004规范关于混凝土疲劳应力验算的规定,对混凝土疲劳应力验算方法进行了比较．并以某预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥为例,对各规范中混凝土疲劳验算的具体过程进行了计算与分析,验证了规范的合理性以及适用性．分析结果表明,中国规范的疲劳应力限值较国外规范偏高．在对构件进行疲劳设计时,推荐采用CEB—FIP规范提供的验算方法．     

我国路域生态系统建设中存在的问题及对策

针对我国路域生态系统建设中存在的很多问题,从不同方面分析了问题产生的原因,提出注重人与自然和谐统一的理念,合理运用生态学、经济学理论。全公路行业在这个问题上达成共识是建设和谐路域生态系统的根本途径。     

装备信息化对水面战斗舰艇的影响

给出了装备信息化的概念和内涵以及装备信息化与机械化的关系.根据水面战斗舰艇在信息化作战中的作用和地位,从战场信息化、舰艇平台信息化、作战系统信息化和弹药信息化等方面,针对武器装备信息化对水面战斗舰艇发展的影响进行了分析,概括了装备信息化背景下水面战斗舰艇的特点和发展趋势.最后结合我国水面战斗舰艇的发展现状,提出了建议.     

长江下游江心洲水道河床演变分析及趋势预测

以现场调研和多年实测资料为基础,采用理论分析与逻辑推理相结合的方法,对长江下游江心洲水道的河床演变及趋势进行了分析和预测。结果表明:江心洲水道处于长顺直河段内,其变化符合顺直型河流河床演变的基本规律;主流摆动频繁,滩槽不稳是河床演变的主要特点;河势总体稳定并将继续维持,但由于上游水流动力轴线难以完全稳定,因而本水道目前的微弯深槽也难以长期维持现状。另外由于河道顺直,这种平面形态也难以维持滩槽的稳定。     

周期无人值守机舱监测报警系统方案研究

无人机舱是目前国际上新建船舶的常规要求，满足各国船级社AUT－0规范的机舱监测报警系统是周期性无人值守机舱的重要组成部分，本文在介绍机舱监测报基本原理的基础上，调研了国内外有代表性的几个机舱监测报警系统，继而阐述了国家船舶一条龙项目机舱监测报警系统小项的具体方案设计。     

深化基础技术研究,为我国船舶工业创新做强服务——从船舶水动力学角度出发的若干思考

从介绍船舶水动力学的任务、研究范围、在整个船舶制造业中的地位和重要性出发,概要地讨论船舶水动力学工程应用中遇到的基础理论问题,以及当今国内外学术界和工程界关注的若干船舶水动力学工程前沿研究方向.同时也从船舶水动力学角度出发,对基础技术研发的重要性、当前的发展趋势和我们可以努力的方向作简单的评述.