铺管船铺管作业锚泊系统分析

针对海管铺设作业中铺管船的锚泊系统分析,基于三维势流理论,采用ANSYS-AQWA软件,考虑风载荷、流载荷、波浪载荷等因素,建立了铺管船与锚泊系统时域耦合分析方法。在此基础上,针对西气东输香港支线的海管铺设作业,根据作业海区的海况条件,分析了铺管船运动响应与锚泊系统的载荷特性,完成了香港支线海管铺设作业的安全性评估,给出了不同海况下铺管船安全作业的包络曲线。最后,根据评估报告与指导意见,顺利完成了香港支线的海管铺设作业。     

耙吸式挖泥船最佳装舱时间的确定

耙吸式挖泥船溢流施工作为疏浚施工重要的方法之一,其施工效率的提高与装舱时间有关.确定最佳装舱时间及生产模式,需要对施工区土质、装舱时间、装舱效率、施工区域漂流出的土方量等要素进行分析计算,并加以工程实践验证.依据确定的最佳装舱时间组织生产施工,可以提高施工效率和经济效益.     

定向滑移爆炸挤淤处理悬浮式防波堤地基施工技术

在海域深厚层淤泥(＞28 m)条件下,对定向滑移爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤施工技术,从堤头抛石加载、爆炸挤淤爆破参数选择、循环进尺控制、两侧爆夯等方面进行阐述.在施工过程中采用“体积平衡法,沉降观测,钻孔勘探”等检测手段进行监控,保证爆炸挤淤悬浮式防波堤地基质量,工期短、费用低、沉降小,值得在类似工程中推广应用.     

多机组船舶供电系统保护方案分析

船舶电力系统容量的不断增大使系统中发电机数量增多,分段和联络断路器的电流值都相应增加,从而给系统的保护设计带来了一定困难。本文以多台发电机的某船电力系统为例,设计了该船供电系统的保护方案。     

Effects of queue spillover in networks considering simultaneous departure time and route choices

This paper explores the effects of queue spillover in transportation networks, in the context of dynamic traffic assignment. A model of spatial queue is defined to characterize dynamic traffic flow and queuing formation in network links. Network users simultaneously choose departure time and travel route to minimize the travel cost including journey time and unpunctuality penalty. Using some necessary conditions of the dynamic user equilibrium, dynamic network flows are obtained exactly on some networks with typical structure. Various effects of queue spillover are discussed based on the results of these networks, and some new paradoxes of link capacity expansion have been found as a result of such effects. Analytical and exact results in these typical networks show that ignoring queuing length may generate biased solutions, and the link storage capacity is a very important factor concerning the performance of networks.     

Some features of non-linear travel time models for dynamic traffic assignment

Abstract

This paper investigates some features of non-linear travel time models for dynamic traffic assignment (DTA) that adopt traffic on the link as the sole determinant for the calculation of travel time and have explicit relationships between travel time and traffic on the link. Analytical proofs and numerical examples are provided to show first-in-first-out (FIFO) violation and the behaviour of decreasing outflow with increasing traffic in non-linear travel time models. It is analytically shown that any non-linear travel time model could violate FIFO in some circumstances, especially when inflow drops sharply, and some convex non-linear travel time models could show behaviour with outflow decreasing as traffic increases. It is also shown that the linear travel time model does not show these behaviours. A non-linear travel time model in general form was used for analytical proofs and several existing non-linear travel time models were adopted for numerical examples. Considering the features addressed in this study, non-linear travel time models seem to have limitations for use in DTA in practical terms and care should be taken when they are used for modelling time-varying transportation networks.     

降雨要素对土质边坡稳定性的影响分析

基于饱和-非饱和渗流理论与非饱和土的抗剪强度理论,研究了降雨强度、降雨历时等降雨要素对土质边坡安全系数的影响规律,并且重点对短时强降雨、长时弱降雨2种降雨形式进行了对比分析.结果表明：在饱和渗透系数一定的情况下,安全系数随着降雨强度、降雨历时的增加而不断减小,但在降雨结束后,安全系数又随时间的增长开始增大;短时强降雨下边坡上部土体更容易达到饱和,而长时弱降雨对边坡土体的影响更大,两者的稳定性都大大降低,但长时弱降雨下的滑坡危害程度更大.     

船舶分段建造工程工期、成本、质量综合均衡优化研究

针对当前实际在船舶分段建造工程管理中,人们较少针对工期、成本、质量综合优化的研究,提出通过研究船舶分段建造过程中的工期、成本、质量之间的相互制约关系,得出工期、成本、质量之间的综合均衡优化模型,并利用多目标优化理论和粒子群算法对模型进行求解。该方法能够得到船舶分段建造工程项目管理中的控制目标。     

Review of GPS Travel Survey and GPS Data-Processing Methods

Abstract

Global positioning system (GPS) devices have been utilised in travel surveys since the late 1990s. Because GPS devices are very accurate at recording time and positional characteristics of travel, they can correct the trip-misreporting issue resulting from self-reports of travel and improve the accuracy of travel data. Although the initial idea of using GPS surveys in transport data collection was just to replace paper-based travel diaries, GPS surveys currently are being applied in a number of transport fields. Several general reviews have been done about GPS surveys in the literature review sections in some papers, but a detailed systematic review from GPS data collection to the whole procedure of GPS data processing has not been undertaken. This paper comprehensively reviews the development of GPS surveys and their applications, and GPS data processing. Different from most reviews in GPS research, this paper provides a detailed and systematic comparison between different methods from trip identification to mode and purpose detection, introduces the methods that researchers and planners are currently using, and discusses the pros and cons of those methods. Based on this review, researchers can choose appropriate methods and endeavour to improve them.     

Modelling car trip generations for UK residential developments using data from TRICS

Abstract

This paper models trip generation for a cross-section of residential developments around the UK. Consistent with recent literature, the empirical model tests whether trip making patterns for residential developments are independent of car ownership and finds that trip generation is dependent upon car ownership socio-economic factors and site-specific characteristics, in particular land-zone type (e.g. town centre, out of town, etc.). However, public transport services are not found to have a significant relationship with trip generation; consequently, a policy implication of the results is that increasing bus services to residential developments is not associated with a reduction in generated trips.