双桨船螺旋桨的适伴流设计

讨论了双桨船和单桨船伴流场的不同特点,给出了双桨船切向伴流的分析方法和不同旋向下的螺旋桨设计结果,指出双桨船适伴流设计考虑切向伴流影响的必要性.内旋设计桨在大型循环水槽中进行了模型试验,试验结果表明螺旋桨的空泡和脉动压力性能优良.     

佛山石湾大桥选型

佛山石湾大桥是禅西大道工程跨越东平水道的大型桥梁,河道防洪、通航等级高,且桥梁处于道路平面曲线上,因此选取合理美观的桥型成为该工程的要点之一。该文较为全面地介绍了该桥的方案比选过程,对不同方案进行了论述,希望对类似情况桥梁方案选择有所帮助。     

Torsional behavior of GFRP-reinforced concrete pontoon decks with and without an edge cutout

Using glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) bars in precast concrete pontoon decks in aggressive marine environments would eliminate corrosion problems encountered with steel reinforcement. Although wave action usually subjects pontoon decks to torsion, but little is known about the behavior of such structures. Moreover, nothing is known about the effects of cutouts on the torsional behavior of pontoon decks. This study experimentally investigated the torsional behavior of GFRP-reinforced concrete (RC) pontoon decks in terms of the effect of edge cutouts, reinforcement-bar distribution, and rotation direction. The results show that the bar configuration affected the failure behavior and torsional capacity of the GFRP-reinforced concrete decks under torsion. The decks with double-layer reinforcement exhibited slower and narrower cracking growth in the post-cracking stage than the decks with single-layer reinforcement. In addition, the edge cutouts reduced the cracking torque of the solid rectangular decks by an average 17%. The torsional behavior of the GFRP-reinforced planks can be accurately described by the ACI318-14 equation in the cracking stage, while the decks’ post-cracking torsional rigidity can be predicted accurately from the contribution of the GFRP bars.     

双臂轴支架的剖面形状和安装角度对船舶伴流场的影响

水面船舶的艉部附体不但影响船舶阻力,而且对螺旋桨盘面处的伴流场也会产生较大影响。以某大型四桨两舵水面船舶为研究对象,不考虑自由液面的影响,采用RANS方法对船体带附体的三维粘性流场进行数值模拟,重点分析双臂轴支架的剖面形状和安装角度的变化对船舶粘性阻力和标称伴流场的影响。经研究发现,依据轴支架前方流场速度矢量的方向来确定双臂轴支架的安装角度是工程上比较实用的做法。     

数字孪生五维模型及十大领域应用

数字孪生是在计算机系统中对物理实体进行全面精准刻画的数字化模型,其应用可助力提升水路运输智能化管理水平。基于大数据监测与分析、数字孪生体构建、虚实模型的信息实时匹配与交互和数字驱动控制,以及动态可视化等水路运输数字孪生关键使能技术的分析,详细阐述基于数字孪生的船舶系统智能制造、运营管理、全生命周期智能运维、虚拟场景构建与虚拟实验的研究与应用现状,在此基础上,对水路运输装备的数字孪生技术进行归纳与展望,为数字孪生技术在水路运输领域的发展与应用提供参考。     

船舶柴油机故障预测与健康管理技术综述

  目的  曲轴是船用柴油机的关键部件,为实时监测柴油机运行状态下的曲轴应力,保障船舶安全可靠运行,提出基于数字孪生的曲轴应力预测方法。  方法  基于数字孪生思想,提出船用柴油机智能运维的构架,以某型直列6缸船用中速柴油机为研究对象,在实机可获得数据的基础上,实现基于数字孪生的曲轴健康状态评估。首先,基于径向基（RBF）神经网络,利用缸盖振动加速度信号对缸内压力进行识别,计算曲柄销载荷,利用有限元法对曲轴进行应力和疲劳分析,获得影响曲轴寿命的关键位置,应用反向传播（BP）神经网络构造曲轴受力和应力的降阶模型。  结果  模型的缸压和曲轴应力预测误差均小于5%,应力预测的时间缩短到秒级,可实现孪生模型的实时/准实时更新。  结论  研究成果可为柴油机零部件的状态实时监测和智能运维提供新思路。     

Mathematical model of single-propeller twin-rudder ship

A mathematical model of a single-propeller twin-rudder ship has been developed from captive and free running model experiments. An open water rudder experiment was carried out to figure out the characteristics of the rudder. Captive experiments in a towing tank were carried out to figure out the performance of a single-propeller twin-rudder system on a large vessel. Interactions between the hull, propeller and twin rudders, including mutual interactions between the twin rudders, were expressed with several coefficients that were calculated from the experimental results at various ship speeds. In the analysis, the unique characteristics of a single-propeller twin-rudder ship, which affects rudder forces, were explained and formulated in the mathematical model. The captive model tests were conducted with zero ship’s yaw rate, so the interaction coefficients, which are influenced by the yaw rate, are determined from free running model experiments. Validation of the mathematical model of a single-propeller twin-rudder system for a blunt body ship is carried out with an independent set of free running experiments, which were not used for determining the interaction coefficients. The validated numerical model is used for carrying out simulations. Based on simulation results, some recommendations have been proposed for installing a single-propeller twin-rudder system.     

一种新型的推进系统--吊舱式电力推进和常规推进的组合

文章简要介绍吊舱式电力推进装置。并介绍吊舱式电力推进和常规推进的双反桨组合(CRP A z ipod)的一些模型试验情况和世界上最先应用双反桨组合的日本高速渡船的实船情况。     

公路隧道施工方法的仿真与比选

针对湖北鸦来公路沙子垭隧道在不同施工方法下围岩和隧道支护结构的力学问题,运用有限元的方法对双侧壁导洞开挖法和台阶开挖法进行了动态数值模拟,建立了在不同施工工序下围岩的应力场、位移场,并对这2种施工方法进行了比较,得出采用台阶法开挖的方案较优。     

天津滨海新区东中环跨海河工程桥隧方案设计

结合天津滨海新区东中环跨海河工程的方案设计，阐述了各种不同方案在技术、经济、景观和环境保护方面的比较情况。