筋土界面摩擦特性影响因素分析

以整体式单向聚乙烯土工格栅与钢塑复合加筋带为加筋材料, 以含细粒土砂为填料, 设计了高速公路拓宽工程加筋边坡。通过室内拉拔试验对填料在不同含水量和不同压实度条件下与土工格栅之间的摩擦特性进行分析, 并对比了原样土工格栅、去除横肋的土工格栅和土工加筋带三者之间的界面摩擦特性。分析结果表明: 在填料含水量高于填料的最佳含水量时, 筋土界面强度随着含水量增加而降低, 且变化明显, 随着填料压实度的提高而不断增强, 加筋效果也明显增强; 土工格栅的横肋对筋土界面特性影响非常明显, 贡献率高达50%以上。     

摩擦面波状磨耗的分形描述方法

在自行搭建的销-盘试验机上进行自激励振动条件下的滑动摩擦试验, 通过销-盘的摩擦运动来模拟轮轨间的平均接触应力。利用激光位移传感器测量盘试件摩擦面的波状磨耗尺寸, 得到了不同试验条件下盘试件摩擦面的波状磨耗曲线。运用功率谱法对摩擦面的波状磨耗进行分形描述, 根据功率谱指数与分形维数的关系计算不同试验条件下波状磨耗的分形维数, 分析了分形维数与转速、法向载荷、转数等参数的关系。试验结果表明: 在相同法向载荷下, 利用功率谱法求得的分形维数随转速的增加而增大; 在相同转速下, 分形维数随法向载荷的增加而增大; 在相同转速和法向载荷下, 分形维数随转数的增加而减小; 盘试件摩擦面波状磨耗的分形维数为1.79~1.92, 分形特征显著, 分形维数越大, 盘试件摩擦面波状磨耗越严重, 波状磨耗波长越长。利用功率谱法求得的结果与试验结果一致, 可用分形维数定量描述摩擦面的波状磨耗。     

大直径扩径桩与等截面桩对比试验研究

扩径桩作为一种新型桩基形式得到很大的发展,但由于其桩身在某深度发生扩径突变,而给研究扩径桩的荷载传递性状带来不便.现有对扩径桩的研究只限于小直径桩的模型试验以及有限元分析,而对大直径扩径桩的研究比较缺乏.通过对同一场地的同一直径不同桩型的钻孔灌注桩进行竖向静载荷试验,对2种桩型的竖向承载力、桩身轴力、桩侧摩阻力进行对比分析研究.研究结果表明,扩径桩能够提高单桩承载力、减小桩体沉降,而扩径阻力在荷载传递中起关键作用,成为荷载传递中的主要途径之一.     

多因素影响下顶管施工引起土体变形计算研究

为解决圆形顶管施工穿越特殊地层(如下穿切割塑料排水板)时引起地层变形的影响分析等问题,考虑刀盘挤土效应产生的正面附加压力、顶管与土体之间非均匀分布的侧向摩擦力,因塑料排水管的切削而不能忽略的顶管机刀盘的正面摩擦力引起的地层变形,基于Mindlin解得到在顶管施工阶段地表竖向位移计算公式;最后结合顶管工程项目实例验证计算...     

FFA在航运市场风险管理中的应用

随着国际干散货贸易的繁荣和运价波动性的加大,在过去几年里FFA市场也得到较大发展。分析国际干散货航运市场的不确定性,介绍远期运费协议(FFA)的含义及其在国际干散货航运市场中的发展情况,探讨FFA风险管理的作用,最后,面对航运市场较大的波动性,提出中国船东和租家必须学会利用FFA这一新的工具进行风险管理的建议。     

Geometric design safety estimation based on tire–road side friction

A closed-loop drive–vehicle–road–environment system (DVRES) model was established using Adams/Car and Matlab/Simulink. Dynamic responses of lateral tire forces based on tire–road side friction and road geometric characteristics are used to investigate vehicle side slip for geometric design safety estimation. The root mean square, the maximum values of lateral tire forces, comfort limit on curves and vehicle trajectories are used to quantify the safety margin of side friction. The simulation results show that the safety margins of lateral tire forces for radius, operating speed and superelevation rate were 18.2%, 19.3% and 17.6%, respectively, to guarantee good vehicle lateral reliability and ride comfort, while lower speeds are optimal in wet and slippery roads. Finally, a case study was conducted to illustrate the analysis of road design safety, and on-site experiment testing further validated the accuracy and reliability of the closed-loop DVRES model.     

Economic analysis of ride-sourcing markets

Ride-sourcing refers to an emerging urban mobility service that private car owners drive their own vehicles to provide for-hire rides. This paper analyzes the ride-sourcing market using an aggregate model where the matchings between customers and drivers are captured by an exogenous matching function. It is found that without any regulatory intervention a monopoly ride-sourcing platform will maximize the joint profit with its drivers. On the other hand, the first-best solution is not sustainable when the matching function exhibits increasing returns to scale and the cost function of the platform is subject to economies of scale. Regardless of the examined market scenarios, the average waiting time of customers is proportional to the average searching time of drivers. We establish conditions for regulators to solely regulate the commission charged by the platform to guarantee the second-best. We further investigate the competition of ride-sourcing platforms and find that competition does not necessarily lower the price level or improve social welfare. In the latter case, regulators may rather encourage the merger of the platforms and regulate them directly as a monopolist.     

干摩擦力矩对某独立悬架汽车前轮摆振影响研究

为了探究前轮摆振的影响因素,将运动副间隙处的干摩擦等效到前轮主销处．应用拉格朗日方程建立了3自由度摆振系统模型,并用Matlab对其进行了仿真计算。结果表明,汽车在较大的初始激励下才会激发摆振;较大的干摩擦力矩有利于抑制摆振。     

A two-phase model for dry port location with an application to the port of Dalian in China

This paper provides guidance for an optimal and reasonable dry port layout for the port of Dalian in China. We present a two-phase framework on the location of dry ports, which solves the selection of candidate inland cities and optimal dry port location choice, respectively. Fuzzy C-Means Clustering is applied to select alternative cities in the vast hinterland of the seaport of Dalian, with a view to identify evaluation factors that affect the location selection decision. A cost-minimisation linear programming solution is proposed, with the aid of a genetic algorithm, to choose the optimal location as well as capacity level among the candidate inland cities.     

港口干散货物流供应链信息协同运作模式分析

在国内外供应链管理研究及河北港口群煤炭业务现状调研分析的基础上,剖析现阶段港口煤炭供应链运营管理的问题。聚焦河北港口群煤炭供应链模式构建过程,梳理港口煤炭供应链管理流程,构建河北港口群供应链管理模式、物流协同模式、物流体系及物流供应链协同信息化支撑模式,解决制约港口煤炭供应链的信息共享不及时、信息流通不畅等问题。对港口煤炭供应链协同运作信息化体系进行总体框架设计,并选择典型平台建设探讨供应链协同运作信息化体系支撑实现模式,形成高效、科学、先进的河北港口群煤炭供应链管理模式。