考虑游览船运营特征的航道通过能力评价方法

为构建客货船舶协同动态运行控制技术体系，以经典航道通过能力模型为基础，构建基于游览船运营特征(发船高峰性和航线集中度)的航道通过能力模型.根据黄浦江游览核心区船舶自动识别系统(AIS)数据，对所提出的航道通过能力模型进行实证分析.研究结果表明，本文航道通过能力模型能够较为准确地评价研究区域的实际航道通过能力.游览船发船高峰时期与现有航线规划条件下，黄浦江游览核心区航道通过能力(76艘/h)趋近饱和状态；当过境船到达超过69艘/h时，建议海事相关部门采取“错峰”航行等相关政策.     

Airport capacity increase via the use of braking profiles

Many airports are encountering the problem of insufficient capacity, which is particularly severe in periods of increased traffic. A large number of elements influence airport capacity, but one of the most important is runway occupancy time. This time depends on many factors, including how the landing roll procedure is performed. The procedure usually does not include the objective to minimize the runway occupancy time. This paper presents an analysis which shows that the way of braking during landing roll has an essential impact on runway throughput and thus on airport capacity. For this purpose, the landing roll simulator (named ACPENSIM) was created. It uses Petri nets and is a convenient tool for dynamic analysis of aircraft movement on the runway with given input parameters and a predetermined runway exit. Simulation experiments allowed to create a set of nominal braking profiles that have different objective functions: minimizing the runway occupancy time, minimizing noise, minimizing tire wear, maximizing passenger comfort and maximizing airport capacity as a whole. The experiments show that there is great potential to increase airport capacity by optimizing the braking procedure. It has been shown that by using the proposed braking profiles it is possible to reduce the runway occupancy time even by 50%.     

A capacity maximization scheme for intersection management with automated vehicles

With the advent of connected and automated vehicle technology, in this paper, we propose an innovative intersection operation scheme named as MCross: Maximum Capacity inteRsection Operation Scheme with Signals. This new scheme maximizes intersection capacity by utilizing all lanes of a road simultaneously. Lane assignment and green durations are dynamically optimized by solving a multi-objective mixed-integer non-linear programming problem. The demand conditions under which full capacity can be achieved in MCross are derived analytically. Numerical examples show that MCross can almost double the intersection capacity (increase by as high as 99.51% in comparison to that in conventional signal operation scheme).     

泥浆悬浮砂粒能力分层测定试验研究

为实现泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的量化分析,提出一种分层测定方法,选取12%、15%和18%3种质量分数的试验泥浆,通过自行设计的分层取样装置进行试验研究,获取不同泥浆质量分数、沉降时间和砂粒粒径条件下的10个深度分段的砂粒质量分布,分析各参数影响下的砂粒沉降变化规律。结果表明:1)该分层测定方法可较好地获取不同深度分段的砂粒质量,弥补现有测定方法只能获取底层砂粒沉降质量的不足;2)试验所采用的3种质量分数的泥浆对0.1 mm以上粒径的砂粒悬浮能力均较差。根据砂粒沉降曲线分布特征,提出一种用于判别泥浆悬浮砂粒能力的方法,即砂粒沉降曲线越平缓,各层质量差异性越小,底层质量无明显拐点,不同沉降时间曲线越紧密,则泥浆悬浮砂粒能力越强。     

公交通行能力约束的智能调度优化模型

公交通行能力是解决城市交通拥堵问题、促进城市公共交通系统高效运行的要素之一。介绍了公交通行能力的计算要素,并针对目前我国城市由于盲目调度造成的公交系统运营效率、服务水平下降的问题,提出将公交通行能力作为约束条件对公交调度进行优化。鉴于公交企业制订调度方案时需兼顾公交服务水平和企业效益,将智能调度的目标确定为候车时间满意度、候车空间满意度、车内舒适满意度和企业满意度加权平均值最大,并给出了相应的计算方法。最后讨论了利用遗传算法对模型进行求解的过程。     

基于路网容量的商圈停车需求预测研究

分析商圈停车、交通拥堵与商圈持续繁荣的关系,商圈停车需求预测对商圈的可持续发展起着重要作用。为合理预见与科学估算商圈停车需求,结合路网容量、区位关系提出基于路网容量的停车需求预测模型。该模型一方面能平衡区域停车供需,缓解静态设施供需矛盾;另一方面能保证停车需求与路网容量相匹配,对动态交通起到必要的控制作用,缓解商圈周边路网的交通拥堵。最后,通过实例分析证明该模型的可行性。     

甘泉铁路区间通过能力研究

阐述甘泉铁路车站分布和运量发展情况及货运量增加后区间通过能力不足的问题,介绍甘泉铁路行车组织和区间通过能力计算方法,计算各区间的通过能力,结合近期货物运量500万t、700万t、1000万t三种情况,计算需求通过能力,并给出提高通过能力的具体方案,为下一步货运量的增加做准备。     

船舶搁浅于台型礁石场景极限强度解析预报方法

针对双层底油轮搁浅于台型礁石的事故场景,通过对船底构件结构损伤机理的分析,提出一套结合船底结构损伤程度推算方法和Smith方法,评估损伤后船体剩余极限强度的解析计算预报方法。研究中应用数值仿真技术,模拟了船舶搁浅过程中的结构损伤及搁浅后船体极限承载过程,并与解析预报方法的结果进行了对比。结果表明,文中提出的对搁浅损伤后船舶剩余强度的解析预报方法准确性较好,对船舶双层底耐撞性结构设计和安全性评估都有一定的指导意义。     

基于欧洲规范的板桩码头设计方法简介

基于极限状态设计的欧洲土木工程设计规范Eurocode代表了当前工程设计的最高水平;部分欧洲国家板桩码头设计则直接采用该规范,例如英国海上工事设计规范BS6349。本文介绍了基于BS6349和Eurocode规范的板桩码头设计方法,有助于设计人员理解和使用欧洲板桩规范。     

Capacity Development for Integrated Coastal Zone Management in Egypt

Since 1990 there has been a considerable increase in the number of developing countries undertaking Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) schemes at both the local and national levels. Unfortunately many of these ICZM schemes have failed to be implementated due to difficulties such as information and communication gaps and restricted technical and financial capacity. Common problems experienced across all developing countries. As a case in point, it is argued that developing countries suffer from capabilities at the local institutional level. Similarly, it is advocated that Mediterranean developing countries have not fully implemented ICZM as a result of lack of stakeholder capacity. Egypt provides a case study of this argument. Since the mid-1990s several attempts have been made to promote ICZM in Egypt, however none have achieved their goal of having an ICZM plan become operational. This paper reviews ICZM processes in Egypt focussing on the capacity of all instituions and key stakeholders to plan and implement ICZM based on interviews with key ICZM key stakeholders as well as documentary analysis and participant observation in ICZM meetings. It seeks through a critical evaluation to provide practical recommendations that serve to enhance the implementation of ICZM in Egypt and other developing countries.