采油厂井下作业成本单井核算模式研究

采油厂实行井下作业成本单井核算,从细化成本管理角度出发,划小了成本核算单元,能够从多角度、深层次开展投入产出分析,为加强井下作业成本控制创造了条件。实施井下作业成本核算不仅需要建立和完善内部管理制度,还要有必要的信息系统予以支撑。为使井下作业成本单井核算模式发挥作用,企业应该科学地规划业务流程和信息系统。     

现代汽车发动机冷却系统的发展趋势

传统发动机冷却系统由于自身的被动性影响,其工作性能受到限制。在部分负荷时会造成功率损失,而汽车在这种工况下行驶的时间最长。介绍一些先进冷却系统的结构设计和特点,如精确冷却系统、分流式冷却系统、可控式冷却系统等。这些系统既起到保护发动机的作用,又改善燃油效率和降低排放污染物。     

兰州市交通运输效率的评价分析

城市交通运输效率是衡量一个城市交通系统总体运行效率的综合指标,它受到很多与城市交通系统有关因素的影响。结合兰州市城市交通实际,构建了城市交通运输效率评价指标体系,并借助层次分析法及广义函数法对兰州市交通运输效率进行了综合评价,同时对评价结果进行了简要分析,提出提高兰州市交通运输效率的对策。     

农村公路网规划建设的思考

对现有道路投资理论、道路投资主体的变化以及政府职能等影响农村道路网建设的因素进行分析,得出造成农村路网落后的原因。从政治,经济、公平等方面入手,分析农村路网规划建设的必要性以及内在规律性。     

基于内燃动车组的混合动力匹配设计研究

针对内燃动力轨道交通在实际应用中存在的不足以及当前主要新能源技术发展现状,文章结合某内燃动车组的总体参数和配置情况,将内燃机组匹配蓄电池的混合动力方案与纯内燃机组方案进行对比分析,并对混合动力选型和配置进行了计算和分析.结果表明,混合动力匹配方案在降低整车能耗和节省燃油消耗等方面有着显著的优势.     

变频器在港口定位车改造中的应用

为提高生产效率,对秦皇岛港煤四期定位车进行了改造,并将定位车变频器更换为西门子6SE71 36系列的变频器.阐述了新变频系统的结构,对变频器调试作了说明,改造后,降低了故障率,节约了能源.     

An analysis of trends in passenger and freight transport energy consumption in India

This primary objective of this paper is to examine the causes for the change in energy consumption in the transport sector in India. The pattern of energy consumption and their causes for change are benchmarked against select countries. A mathematical model that decomposes changes in energy consumption to various factors has been used. The changes in the energy consumption are attributed to growth in transport volume, structural change or modal shift, and energy intensity. The analysis is conducted for passenger and freight transport separately. Results indicate that the growth in transport volume has been the main cause for increase in energy consumption for both passenger and freight transport in India despite the decline in energy intensity of various transport modes. Though not surprising for a growing economy like India, this poses a challenge for the future. Currently, India is a low carbon economy.     

A time‐staged multi‐objective network‐design model

A multi‐objective, time‐staged network‐design problem is formulated. Through transformation, the problem is decomposed into a set of single‐period, single‐objective problems. Lexicographic ordering is instrumental in effecting this transformation; it also allows a backward‐recursion algorithm to be applied using strong pruning criteria. Furthermore, monotonicity properties enable us to solve the problem using the familiar tree‐search algorithms. The solution method has several desirable properties — as shown by an example and a case study of Tripoli Province, Libya. First, the algorithm ensures continuity of project implementation over the multi time‐periods and provides optimality in later computational stages irrespective of the decision at an interim stage. Second, the algorithm tends to provide accessibility to unconnected regions in the study area at low user‐cost without employing weights to the two objective functions of accessibility and user‐cost efficiency. Such a property is deemed advantageous for suggesting transportation investments based purely on purchasing the greatest benefit for each dollar, with political neutrality strictly maintained.     

汽车硅油风扇离合器性能试验方法研究和测试台研制

通过对汽车硅油风扇离合器工况的模拟和高效测试方法的研究,研制测试其各项技术参数的数控自动测试台。实现对产品性能的自动、高效、准确的判定。     

基于非集计与弹性联合模型的交通需求分析

随着我国交通事业的蓬勃发展,人们对交通方式的需求正在不断发生变化。基于科学研究的交叉性和外延性,将不同研究领域已经基本成熟的模型,即微观经济学中的费用效益弹性理论模型和交通方式分布中的非集计模型(Logit模型)有机地结合并融为一体,得到一种联合模型,使其更容易将数据定量化、具体化。通过这个联合模型来分析交通需求并将与交通需求相关的因素进行对比,得出交通因素发生变化对交通需求者和供给者的影响。