Classification of underwater target echoes based on auditory perception characteristics

In underwater target detection, the bottom reverberation has some of the same properties as the target echo, which has a great impact on the performance. It is essential to study the difference between target echo and reverberation. In this paper, based on the unique advantage of human listening ability on objects distinction, the Gammatone filter is taken as the auditory model. In addition, time-frequency perception features and auditory spectral features are extracted for active sonar target echo and bottom reverberation separation. The features of the experimental data have good concentration characteristics in the same class and have a large amount of differences between different classes, which shows that this method can effectively distinguish between the target echo and reverberation.     

通过水下储能系统的蓄电池单元的流:三个接触的似花结构的球状物(英文)

An LES simulation of flow over an accumulator unit of an underwater compressed air energy storage facility was conducted. The accumulator unit consists of three touching underwater balloons arranged in a floral configuration. The structure of the flow was examined via three dimensional iso surfaces of the Q criterion. Vortical cores were observed on the leeward surface of the balloons. The swirling tube flows generated by these vortical cores were depicted through three dimensional path lines. The flow dynamics were visualized via time series snapshots of two dimensional vorticity contours perpendicular to the flow direction; revealing the turbulent swinging motions of the aforementioned shedding-swirling tube flows. The time history of the hydrodynamic loading was presented in terms of lift and drag coefficients. Drag coefficient of each individual balloon in the floral configuration was smaller than that of a single balloon. It was found that the total drag coefficient of the floral unit of three touching balloons, i.e. summation of the drag coefficients of the balloons, is not too much larger than that of a single balloon whereas it provides three times the storage capacity. In addition to its practical significance in designing appropriate foundation and supports, the instantaneous hydrodynamic loading was used to determine the frequency of the turbulent swirling-swinging motions of the shedding vortex tubes; the Strouhal number was found to be larger than that of a single sphere at the same Reynolds number.     

水下热滑翔机的温差能热机性能分析与相变材料选择

相变材料作为温差能热机的工作流体,其热力学状态对周围海水温度非常敏感,且其融点对水下热滑翔机的运行范围影响很大.基于焓法模型,在不同大洋温度剖面下,对以3种相变材料为工作流体的温差能热机进行性能分析;并考虑到不同大洋温度剖面的特点,为温差能热机选择合适的相变材料,以拓宽水下热滑翔机的应用范围.结果表明：在给定的大洋温度剖面下,3种工作流体的相变过程时间不同;以正十五烷为温差能热机工作流体的水下热滑翔机具有更广的运行范围.     

基于CFD的水下拖曳体艉部流场仿真

水下拖曳体的艉部线型是决定其水动力性能的重要特征之一,良好的艉部线型对减小拖曳体的形状阻力系数,提高拖曳航速,减小拖缆的张力等都有积极意义。选用带十字尾翼的水下拖曳体作为研究对象,应用k-ε模型对其艉部流场特性进行精细分析,分析静压力系数Cp沿拖曳体长度方向的分布,并对水下拖曳体与尾翼交接部上游马蹄涡流动的产生及发展过程进行计算,得出拐角区的流线及流场。计算和实验结果表明,所采用的计算模型和方法合理,可在此基础上应用到其他水下拖曳体的外形优化设计中。     

800 t 大型深水抓斗的研制

为了进一步提高沉船打捞效率,研发了800 t大型深水抓斗.总结了抓斗研制的过程和在设计过程中所遇到的理论和实际问题.主要介绍了800 t大型深水抓斗的结构组成和工作状况,根据其恶劣的工作环境,建立了抓斗的受力数学模型,分析抓斗的工作原理.运用有限元分析软件,建立分析模型,对抓斗结构进行分析.     

扩频技术在浅海水声测距中的应用

传统的水声系统由于主要使用单频脉冲信号,因而无法克服距离分辨力和作用距离之间的矛盾。文中主要研究如何将扩频编码m序列编码技术应用到水声测距中的方法,既详细分析了浅海水声多途信道的特点,也给出了用于水声测距的扩频数字模型,并进行系统性能仿真与水池试验验证。结果表明：增加m序列码元周期和减小脉宽能够增加测量精度,频谱越宽则抗干扰性越强。该项研究为扩频技术在水声测距与定位中的实际应用提供了较好参考。     

超空泡航行器舵效的水洞试验研究

为了获得超空泡航行器可控弹道与总体设计输入条件,对通气超空泡的生成和尾翼舵角的力学特性进行了缩比模型试验.通过改变通气量和尾翼舵角,对模型超空泡的形态和力学特性进行了深入分析,获得了尾翼舵角对升力的影响规律及尾翼舵效随攻角和通气量变化的规律,并探讨了由于空泡尾部重力效应引起的上漂现象的补偿方法.试验结果表明:在沾湿条件下,水下超空泡航行器尾翼舵面升力线斜率可取正值常数进行全域投影,这与同样条件下常规水下航行器相同;完成超空化后,当攻角为0.4°时,主体空泡耦合升力损失将导致舵效减小,且舵效对通气量的改变不敏感;当攻角大于1.2°后,舵效特性逐步恢复,此时主体空泡已经脱离翼面,舵面处于沾湿状态.     

辨识航行体水动力参数的智能方法

航行体水动力参数辨识最常用的方法是采用极大似然准则和牛顿-拉夫逊算法.但是牛顿-拉夫逊算法需要计算复杂的导数矩阵及其逆矩阵,而且对初值非常敏感.文章利用最小二乘准则结合智能优化算法对航行体水动力参数进行了辨识仿真,仿真结果表明新方法要好于常用的方法,在不同噪声水平下辨识结果的误差小于7%,而且以往无法辨识的附加质量也能辨识,同时新方法对初值几乎没有要求,也无须计算导数,极大地简化了辨识计算,有较大的工程应用价值.     

吸声尖劈对板柱组合结构水下声学特性影响的试验研究

为考察吸声尖劈对船舶声纳平台水下声学环境的影响,开展了吸声尖劈对板柱组合结构水下声学特性影响的模型试验研究。通过对板柱组合结构0%、36%、60%、100%敷设吸声尖劈材料,在声波以0°、90°、180°方向入射板柱组合结构时,研究了尖劈敷设方式、声波入射角度对板柱组合结构水下声场及散射声场的影响,得到了不同工况下板柱组合结构典型部位的声场分布。研究表明:吸声尖劈可明显改变板柱组合结构的声场分布,降低板柱组合结构的自噪声;但其抑制效果随考核位置、声波频率、敷设密度的不同而各有变化。     

多舱防护结构水下接触爆炸吸能研究

接触爆炸条件下,舰船结构破损非常严重,大型水面舰艇的多舱防护结构以空间换防护,可将接触爆炸载荷层层吸收,从而保护防护结构内部的各个舱室。文章根据一系列水下接触爆炸试验,结合水下接触爆炸载荷下作用载荷能量和结构破损吸能计算,分析了爆炸载荷能量与结构总吸能的比例关系,以及药量、结构参数对总吸能分配的影响,对提高多舱防护结构抗爆能力具有一定的参考价值。