城市轨道交通系统可靠性指标及其计算

基于系统可靠性概念,构建了城市轨道交通系统的可靠性指标体系,提出了运营可靠度、运营恢复度及运营利用率等指标的定义,给出了相应的计算方法。应用该方法计算了上海轨道交通1、2、3号线的可靠性指标。     

城市轨道交通系统供电制式与受流方式分析

对城市轨道交通系统的供电制式与受流方式的技术经济性能进行了系统分析,提出了大中城市修建地铁和轻轨可采用的受流方式,为城市轨道交通系统选择供电制式与受流方式提供了参考和建议。     

内破裂的数值模拟与分析

应用气—波两相流理论，引入计算流体动力学方法中的SIMPLE（Semi—ImplictMethodforPressure－LinkedEquations）方程，并在此基础上进行改进，对压力筒内的内破裂现象进行了系统的研究。本文发展了一套不依赖于试验结果的预报方法，较之以前的理论研究结果有了长足的进展，所采用的模型与假设能用于多种内破裂状况的模拟与预报。本文对一典型的内破状态进行了数值模拟，结合物理现象对模拟结果进行了分析，并与试验作比较。分析结果以一组计算机所绘图形表示，输出结果可作为压力筒结构动力分析的基础，所研制的程序也可作为内破裂问题流—固耦合研究的一大模块。     

适用于城市交通的中低速磁悬浮技术

从运输能力、环境适应性、能耗、造价等方面综合比较,中低速磁悬浮列车是城市交通的理想选择。本文介绍了磁悬浮技术的种类及特点,中低速磁悬浮列车的特点和发展情况,并将其与其它城市轨道交通方式进行了分析比较。     

An agent-based approach to modelling driver route choice behaviour under the influence of real-time information

This paper presents an agent-based approach to modelling individual driver behaviour under the influence of real-time traffic information. The driver behaviour models developed in this study are based on a behavioural survey of drivers which was conducted on a congested commuting corridor in Brisbane, Australia. Commuters’ responses to travel information were analysed and a number of discrete choice models were developed to determine the factors influencing drivers’ behaviour and their propensity to change route and adjust travel patterns. Based on the results obtained from the behavioural survey, the agent behaviour parameters which define driver characteristics, knowledge and preferences were identified and their values determined. A case study implementing a simple agent-based route choice decision model within a microscopic traffic simulation tool is also presented. Driver-vehicle units (DVUs) were modelled as autonomous software components that can each be assigned a set of goals to achieve and a database of knowledge comprising certain beliefs, intentions and preferences concerning the driving task. Each DVU provided route choice decision-making capabilities, based on perception of its environment, that were similar to the described intentions of the driver it represented. The case study clearly demonstrated the feasibility of the approach and the potential to develop more complex driver behavioural dynamics based on the belief–desire–intention agent architecture.     

3-D computational method of wave loads on turret moored FPSO tankers

A three-dimensional method of calculating wave loads of turret moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) tankers is presented. The linearized restoring forces acting on the ship hull by the mooring system are calculated according to the catenary theory, which are expressed as the function of linear stiffness coefficients and the displacements of the upper ends of mooring chains. The hydrodynamic coefficients of the ship are calculated by the three-dimensional potential flow theory of the linear hydrodynamic problem for ships with a low forward speed. The equations of ship motions are established with the effect of the restoring forces from the mooring system included as linear stiffness coefficients. The equations of motions are solved in frequency domain, and the responses of wave-induced motions and loads on the ship can be obtained. A computer program based on this method has been developed, and some calculation examples are illustrated. Analysis results show that the method can give satisfying prediction of wave loads.     

既有提速双线旅客列车扣除系数影响因素分析

分析双线自动闭塞区段单列旅客列车及复合客车组扣除系数的构成和影响因素。针对具体区段通过计算机铺画满表运行图,采用图解法分析各种因素对客车扣除系数和通过能力影响的变化关系。结果表明:扣除系数随追踪列车间隔的减小而增大,随旅客列车对数的增加而减小且呈线性变化趋势;扣除系数及其变化幅度与旅客列车速度成正比关系;扣除系数随提速客车比例的增加先增大后变小,但变化幅度不大。通过不同区段大量的模拟分析,得出不同客车速度、不同客车对数和不同追踪列车间隔下的扣除系数取值。     

铁路枢纽折角车流数值变化的动态模拟

以解编车流作业规则和系统资源限制为约束,构造不同目标函数下铁路枢纽编组站作业分工数学模型,给出折角车流理论最大值和最小值及相应编组站作业分工方式及车流条件。基于折角车流变化的复杂性和多样性,将外部车流环境视为一个动态的随机输入,以特定铁路枢纽为背景用计算机模拟技术和遗传算法计算不同条件下折角车流数值解。通过对模拟数据趋势变化比较分析,提出铁路枢纽运输组织不应过分追求折角车流最小等结论。     

机车出租效益论证计算方法的探讨

根据机车出租收费标准,讲述了机车出租效益论证计算的基本原则,由此确定出效益计算的基本流程和基本方法,并以计算工作底稿实例加以说明,最后提出尚存在的问题和改进建议。     

重视道路因素对道路交通安全的影响

对道路交通系统的客观分析后发现,在以往事故分析中对人、车、路三因素间的关系分析不足。针对此问题,对道路事故处理中过多偏重驾驶员因素进行了原因分析,然后通过计算分析指出道路因素应占有更大的比例,在未来道路交通安全分析中应该重视道路因素的影响。