重度间歇性低氧对大鼠认知功能及海马超微结构的影响

目的通过模拟阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停低通气综合征(OSAHS)的发病特征,建立大鼠间歇性低氧(IH)模型,观察重度间歇低氧(50mL/L)条件下不同暴露时间对大鼠学习记忆功能的影响和海马CA1区超微结构的改变。方法成年雄性Wistar大鼠48只分为对照(UC)组和50mL/L间歇性低氧(50mL/L IH)组。UC组放入舱内仅给予压缩空气,50mL/L IH组大鼠每日放入自制低氧舱内予间歇低氧暴露8h,分别干预2、4、6、8周。采用Morris水迷宫检测各组大鼠学习记忆功能,电镜观察海马区神经细胞超微结构。结果与UC组比较,50mL/L IH组中随低氧时间延长,神经细胞核、线粒体、粗面内质网、突触等超微结构损伤明显,水迷宫检测动物逃避潜伏期时间随缺氧时间增加而延长[从2周(49.17±8.87)s到8周的(68.42±7.91)s],均长于UC组[2周和8周分别为(25.66±2.97)s,(25.29±3.07)s];50mL/L IH组的穿台次数也随缺氧时间增加而减少(从2周7.68±1.6到8周的2.87±0.92),均少于UC组(2周和8周分别为11.57±2.18,10.65±1.26)。结论间歇性低氧可造成认知功能障碍,与海马区神经细胞超微结构损伤有关。     

浅析如何提高汽车售后服务质量

文中从汽车售后服务的作用出发,对我国汽车售后服务方面存在的问题进行了简要分析,针对如何提高汽车售后服务质量提出了几点对策。     

负指数函数表征沥青路面单值指标性状分析

采用裂缝率、车辙、横向力系数和功能性破损率四个指标衡量沥青路面是否达到预防性养护标准。结合选取的锦阜、锦朝高速公路代表性路段检测数据分析评价,负指数函数y=a.e-bx能够很好地表征路面单值指标性能变化规律。通过分析预测,得到了锦阜、锦朝高速公路最佳的预防性养护年限。     

黄土路堤沉降特性与工后沉降预测模型分析

阐述了黄土的分布与性质,对黄土路堤沉降的机理及原因进行了分析.分析比较了基于实测资料预测黄土路堤工后沉降值的实用模型,包括指数模型,幂函数模型,双曲线模型.以指数模型为例,根据已建成某大坝实测数据,确定了预测模型的参数.     

基于脉冲响应函数法计算小尺度圆柱上的不规则波浪力

通过对波动传递函数的逆傅里叶变换建立脉冲响应函数的解析表达式,在仅已知不规则波波面过程线的情况下,利用脉冲响应函数与已知波面序列的卷积求得不规则波的速度场,并计算不规则波浪序列引起的水质点速度、加速度。通过与线性波浪叠加法的对比验证了方法的正确性,并应用Morison方程计算小尺度圆柱上的不规则波浪力。对不规则波浪力进行频谱分析得到:在非线性较弱时,脉冲响应法求得的波浪力谱与线性谱分析法的波浪力谱较为接近。随着波浪非线性的增强,脉冲响应法求得的速度力谱与线性谱分析法相比峰值不断增大,在低频和高频处能量增多,在主要能量区的谱宽也不断增加,而惯性力谱与线性谱分析方法结果基本相同。     

城市新区道路横断面规划设计研究

道路系统的建设是引导城市新区开发、改善投资环境的重要措施。城市道路横断面作为道路交通功能实现的重要载体,其合理规划设计有利于保障道路安全畅通,提高资源利用效率,实现城市社会经济的良性发展。     

基于VAR模型的南京市交通量与经济发展关系研究

在对南京市交通量与经济发展指标统计分析的基础上,运用向量自回归模型——VAR模型进行分析,通过采用协整检验模型、Granger因果关系检验模型和脉冲响应函数等分析,得到交通运输与经济发展之间的关系,并给出相应的建议.     

Vertical random vibration analysis of vehicle–track coupled system using Green's function method

A vertical vehicle–track coupled dynamic model, consisting of a high-speed train on a continuously supported rail, is established in the frequency-domain. The solution is obtained efficiently by use of the Green's function method, which can determine the vibration response over a wide range of frequency without any limitations due to modal truncation. Moreover, real track irregularity spectra can be used conveniently as input. The effect of the flexibility of both track and car body on the entire vehicle–track coupled dynamic response is investigated. A multi-body model of a vehicle with either rigid or flexible car body is defined running on three kinds of track: a rigid rail, a track stiffness model and a Timoshenko beam model. The results show that neglecting the track flexibility leads to an overestimation of both the contact force and the whole vehicle vibration response. The car body flexibility affects the ride quality of the vehicle and the coupling through the track and can be significant in certain frequency ranges. Finally, the effect of railpad and ballast stiffness on the vehicle–track coupled vibration is analysed, indicating that the stiffness of the railpad has an influence on the system in a higher frequency range than the ballast.     

发货人满意度条件下Hotelling模型的港口竞争分析

将发货人满意度和港口兼容性引入发货人效用函数，放宽传统Hotelling竞争模型中港口定位必须局限于发货人分布空间的假设，通过拓展线性Hotelling模型来研究发货人满意度和港口兼容性与港口选址、收费的关系。研究表明：发货人满意度在港口市场竞争中具有关键作用；同时，发货人满意度相对较强的港口并不一定具有市场竞争优势，市场竞争形成市场份额的最终格局取决于发货人满意度的相对强弱程度。     

Incorporating Driver Behaviors in Network Design Problems: Challenges and Opportunities

The goal of a network design problem (NDP) is to make optimal decisions to achieve a certain objective such as minimizing total travel time or maximizing tolls collected in the network. A critical component to NDP is how travelers make their route choices. Researchers in transportation have adopted human decision theories to describe more accurate route choice behaviors. In this paper, we review the NDP with various route choice models: the random utility model (RUM), random regret-minimization (RRM) model, bounded rationality (BR), cumulative prospect theory (CPT), the fuzzy logic model (FLM) and dynamic learning models. Moreover, we identify challenges in applying behavioral route choice models to NDP and opportunities for future research.