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汽车遥控驾驶功能可以提升用户操控便捷性及安全性,本文对汽车遥控驾驶运用场景进行了描述,基于相关新的量产车型对遥控驾驶功能进行了对标分析,得出了遥控驾驶应实现的基本功能及实现该功能所需要的硬件配置,提出了新能源电动汽车遥控驾驶功能系统架构设计方案及功能控制策略,为后续车辆遥控驾驶功能开发提供借鉴和参考。 相似文献
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随着城市化的进程,城轨交通客流强度不断增大,发车间隔不断压缩,使得我国城轨交通呈现出快速、重载、智能的发展趋势。文章结合我国目前城轨车辆快速、重载的发展状况,提出城轨车辆最大轴重的概念和建议值,且应按最大轴重对承载结构件进行设计,详细分析了城轨车辆结构件的技术发展特征,并建议应及时检测和维护车轮和钢轨,降低车、轨的振动和噪声,以提高车、轨的综合使用寿命。 相似文献
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In many cities, diesel buses are being replaced by electric buses with the aim of reducing local emissions and thus improving air quality. The protection of the environment and the health of the population is the highest priority of our society. For the transport companies that operate these buses, not only ecological issues but also economic issues are of great importance. Due to the high purchase costs of electric buses compared to conventional buses, operators are forced to use electric vehicles in a targeted manner in order to ensure amortization over the service life of the vehicles. A compromise between ecology and economy must be found in order to both protect the environment and ensure economical operation of the buses.In this study, we present a new methodology for optimizing the vehicles’ charging time as a function of the parameters CO2eq emissions and electricity costs. Based on recorded driving profiles in daily bus operation, the energy demands of conventional and electric buses are calculated for the passenger transportation in the city of Aachen in 2017. Different charging scenarios are defined to analyze the influence of the temporal variability of CO2eq intensity and electricity price on the environmental impact and economy of the bus. For every individual day of a year, charging periods with the lowest and highest costs and emissions are identified and recommendations for daily bus operation are made. To enable both the ecological and economical operation of the bus, the parameters of electricity price and CO2 are weighted differently, and several charging periods are proposed, taking into account the priorities previously set. A sensitivity analysis is carried out to evaluate the influence of selected parameters and to derive recommendations for improving the ecological and economic balance of the battery-powered electric vehicle.In all scenarios, the optimization of the charging period results in energy cost savings of a maximum of 13.6% compared to charging at a fixed electricity price. The savings potential of CO2eq emissions is similar, at 14.9%. From an economic point of view, charging between 2 a.m. and 4 a.m. results in the lowest energy costs on average. The CO2eq intensity is also low in this period, but midday charging leads to the largest savings in CO2eq emissions. From a life cycle perspective, the electric bus is not economically competitive with the conventional bus. However, from an ecological point of view, the electric bus saves on average 37.5% CO2eq emissions over its service life compared to the diesel bus. The reduction potential is maximized if the electric vehicle exclusively consumes electricity from solar and wind power. 相似文献
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Previous research has shown that electric vehicle (EV) users could behave differently compared to internal combustion engine vehicle (ICEV) drivers due to their consciousness or practices of eco-driving, but very limited research has fully investigated this assumption. This research explores this topic through investigating EV drivers’ eco-driving behaviors and motivations. We first conducted a questionnaire survey on EV drivers’ driving behavior and some hypothetical decisions of their driving. It indicates various characteristics between EV and ICEV commuters, including self-reported daily driving habits, preferences of route choices, tradeoff between travel time and energy saving, and adoption of in-vehicle display (IVD) technologies. Then, through statistical analysis with Fisher’s exact test and Mann-Whitney U test, this research reveals that, compared to ICEV drivers, EV drivers possess significantly calmer driving maneuvers and more fuel-efficient driving habits such as trip chaining. The survey data also show that EV drivers are much more willing to save energy in compensation of travel time. Furthermore, the survey data indicate that EV drivers are more willing to adopt eco-friendly IVD technologies. All these findings are expected to improve the understanding of some unique behavior found in EV drivers. 相似文献
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分析了国内外城市轨道交通车辆产品标准体系的现状,重点介绍了城市轨道交通车辆产品标准体系的总体要求、结构搭建、产品标准的制修订,以及标准的实施和改进措施. 相似文献
99.
为建立复杂外形潜水器精确的动力学模型,并基于模型设计控制算法,本文以DOE HD2+2无人遥控潜水器(ROV)为对象,应用计算流体力学(CFD)粘流方法与面元法预测水动力系数.为提高计算速度,在保证计算精度的前提下,采用多面体网格,进行网格优化,减少了流体域的网格总数.由于ROV几何外形不对称,基于最小二乘法分段拟合了阻尼力/力矩与速度的曲线,建立了耦合的阻尼矩阵和附加质量矩阵.最后,基于CFD计算的水动力系数建立了Matlab Simulink动力学仿真模型,并通过水池操控实验对所建动力学模型进行了有效性验证. 相似文献
100.
Shared autonomous vehicles, or SAVs, have attracted significant public and private interest because of their opportunity to simplify vehicle access, avoid parking costs, reduce fleet size, and, ultimately, save many travelers time and money. One way to extend these benefits is through an electric vehicle (EV) fleet. EVs are especially suited for this heavy usage due to their lower energy costs and reduced maintenance needs. As the price of EV batteries continues to fall, charging facilities become more convenient, and renewable energy sources grow in market share, EVs will become more economically and environmentally competitive with conventionally fueled vehicles. EVs are limited by their distance range and charge times, so these are important factors when considering operations of a large, electric SAV (SAEV) fleet.This study simulated performance characteristics of SAEV fleets serving travelers across the Austin, Texas 6-county region. The simulation works in sync with the agent-based simulator MATSim, with SAEV modeling as a new mode. Charging stations are placed, as needed, to serve all trips requested (under 75 km or 47 miles in length) over 30 days of initial model runs. Simulation of distinctive fleet sizes requiring different charge times and exhibiting different ranges, suggests that the number of station locations depends almost wholly on vehicle range. Reducing charge times does lower fleet response times (to trip requests), but increasing fleet size improves response times the most. Increasing range above 175 km (109 miles) does not appear to improve response times for this region and trips originating in the urban core are served the quickest. Unoccupied travel accounted for 19.6% of SAEV mileage on average, with driving to charging stations accounting for 31.5% of this empty-vehicle mileage. This study found that there appears to be a limit on how much response time can be improved through decreasing charge times or increasing vehicle range. 相似文献