配送网络流问题探讨

考虑物流配送中的网络流问题,即由某些供应点向各个需求点通过某种运输工具（货车、轮船等）供应货物的问题,目的是尽可能的降低配送成本.通过一个混和整数规划模型来描述该问题,利用网络单纯形法、拉格朗日松弛算法以及试探法为主要研究方法,有效地得到该问题一个近似程度较高的可行解.     

高等级公路沥青混合料组成设计

指出铺筑沥青混凝土时的混合料组成设计应从以下几个方面考虑 ,即高温稳定性、低温抗裂性、耐久性、抗滑性、抗疲劳性和工作度     

浅谈混凝土外加剂及其应用

该文在分析混凝土外加剂的作用及其应用中的问题后,就其品种和牌号的选择、掺量的控制,以及使用方法作了阐述。     

Hierarchical network-based equilibrium model and algorithm for a mixed-traffic urban transport system

Abstract

Many equilibrium models and algorithms based on homogeneous motorized traffic have been devised to model urban transport systems in developed countries, but they are inadequate when it comes to represent mixed-traffic urban transport systems, including automobiles, transit, bicycles, and pedestrians, in developing countries such as China or India. In these cases, traffic flow on a road segment is an aggregated result of travellers' combined mode/route choices and corresponding interactions. Therefore, a special assignment model and algorithm are needed for modeling these distinct behaviors. In this article, the structure of a mixed-traffic urban transport system is analyzed and then expanded and represented using a hierarchical network model based on graph theory. Based on the analysis of travelers' combined mode/route choices, generalized travel cost functions and link impedance functions for different modes are formulated, where the interferences between different modes on the same road segments are taken into account. Due to the ‘asymmetric’ nature of these functions, a variational inequality model is proposed to represent the equilibrium assignment problem in a mixed-traffic urban transport system. The corresponding solution algorithm is also presented. Finally, a numerical example is provided to illustrate the practicality of the proposed model and algorithm.     

The valuation of commuter travel time savings for car drivers: evaluating alternative model specifications

The empirical valuation of travel time savings is a derivative of the ratio of parameter estimates in a discrete choice model. The most common formulation (multinomial logit) imposes strong restrictions on the profile of the unobserved influences on choice as represented by the random component of a preference function. As we progress our ability to relax these restrictions we open up opportunities to benchmark the values derived from simple (albeit relatively restrictive) models. In this paper we contrast the values of travel time savings derived from multinomial logit and alternative specifications of mixed (or random parameter) logit models. The empirical setting is urban car commuting in six locations in New Zealand. The evidence suggests that less restrictive choice model specifications tend to produce higher estimates of values of time savings compared to the multinomial logit model; however the degree of under-estimation of multinomial logit remains quite variable, depending on the context.     

粉煤灰预拌混凝土配合比设计用强度公式研究

研究了粉煤灰（FA）掺量对不同胶水比的混凝土28d强度的影响规律．研究表明,粉煤灰预拌混凝土28d强度与胶水比具有很好的线性相关性,Bolomy公式对粉煤灰预拌混凝土是适用的,但公式中的回归系数需要修正;粉煤灰掺量对不同胶水比的混凝土28d强度的影响规律基本相同,提出了粉煤灰强度影响系数的概念和经验公式,并利用影响系数对Bolomy公式进行了修正．     

基于混合型数值决策信息的供应商选择方法及其应用

分析了以往供应商选择方法的不足,如供应商属性指标的权重不能得到客观合理的精确量化,供应商属性值的决策矩阵受到主观影响较大,且定性指标很难精确化到某一数值等.考虑到供应商评价的决策信息通常由定值型数据和区间型数据2种数据组成,提出了一种基于混合型数值决策信息的供应商选择方法,利用基于相离度和可能度的偏差最大化多属性决策的改进方法进行供应商选择评价.给出了算法的具体步骤,并用实际算例予以说明.     

TOD内涵分析及实施框架

TOD是美国城市＂精明增长＂模式的重要内容,契合我国可持续发展的城市要求。首先总结了国外TOD实践的主要策略和成功经验。通过对比分析国内外TOD实施目的、实施背景两方面的差异性,从规划技术、城市管理和公共政策多个层面揭示了TOD的本质内涵。基于对我国城市规划、土地利用、建设开发的流程梳理,明确了我国TOD模式推广和应用的原则。最后从政府职能、规划建设管理机制、实施重点以及配套政策4个方面提出了我国TOD实施框架和建议。     

考虑车流异质性的信号交叉口疏解车辆跟驰模型

为客观地描述绿灯期间交叉口进口道异质疏解车流的跟驰行为,基于实测数据验证全速差模型发现,其加速度、速度、车间距的仿真结果存在较大误差. 考虑不同车型车辆性能和驾驶员驾驶行为差异,基于4 种跟驰情景,即小客车跟驰小客车(car-car),小客车跟驰公交车(car-bus),公交车跟驰小客车(bus-car),公交车跟驰公交车(bus-bus),建立考虑车流异质性的车辆跟驰模型. 结果表明,改进模型的性能提升明显,较全速差模型,速度和跟驰间距的均方根百分比误差(RMSPE)分别下降了15.29%,22.32%,更符合交叉口进口道异质疏解车流的跟驰行为.     

Al_2O_3-Al-MgO混合纳米粒子润滑脂添加剂的摩擦学性能

在MRH-3高速环块摩擦磨损实验机上,研究了混合纳米微粒Al,Al2O3,MgO加入到通用锂基脂中的综合摩擦学性能.采用扫描电子显微镜,能量色散谱仪分析了摩擦表面的形貌和元素组成.结果表明:含有混合纳米Al,Al2O3,MgO粒子的润滑脂添加剂比单种纳米粒子显著提高通用锂基脂的减摩、自修复和抗极压综合性摩擦学能.