软土地区类矩形盾构隧道同步注浆填充扩散压力空间分布模式

为解决类矩形盾构隧道同步注浆时易发生的浆液淤积问题,研究浆液在类矩形盾构隧道盾尾间隙内的填充扩散过程.根据流体力学原理,推导浆液在宾汉姆流体条件下的压力环纵向分布模式,得到软土地区类矩形盾构隧道同步注浆环向填充与纵向扩散的力学模型及计算方法;结合宁波市轨道交通3号线陈婆渡车站出入段线隧道工程实测数据,在验证理论模型合理...     

加筋对桩承式路堤变形模式与土拱效应影响试验

对于桩承式加筋路堤,加筋改变了路堤底面的变形形态,不可避免地将对路堤变形模式与土拱效应产生影响。为了深入分析加筋的影响,利用开发的多沉陷门(Multi-trapdoor)试验装置和椭圆钢棒相似土填料,开展未加筋桩承式路堤试验并得到不同参数组合下存在的3种变形模式,选取3种变形模式的代表性试验,开展相同参数条件下的加筋试验以及4种不同填料高度和3种不同加筋刚度的桩承式加筋路堤试验。通过粒子图像测速技术(PIV)和自制三点式载荷计准确测试得到全场位移及桩顶和桩间土压力。结果表明:加筋后,未加筋桩承式路堤的三角扩展型和塔形升高型变形模式转化为同心椭圆扩展模式,等沉面模式转化为同心圆等沉模式;2种变形模式之间转化的临界高度为1.5倍桩间净距,但等沉面的高度仅为67%的桩间净距;加筋对土拱效应发挥起到了双重作用,一方面,加筋减小了差异沉降,导致土拱效应发挥程度降低,另一方面,加筋改变了路堤变形模式,为同心圆土拱提供了稳定的拱脚,使得土拱效应发挥程度提高;在填料高度低,加筋刚度高的情况下,土拱效应发挥程度进一步降低;而填料高度高,加筋刚度低时,土拱效应达到了充分发挥所需的差异沉降,加筋对土拱效应有提高作用;张拉膜效应发挥程度随加筋刚度增大而提高,且随着桩间土下沉而提高,导致土拱效应减弱。     

隧道内横向偏置火源火灾烟气温度特性全尺寸试验研究

为了研究隧道内火灾温度分布规律和烟气运动状态,使交通隧道火灾灾害降到最低,通过全尺寸隧道火灾试验研究了热释放速率为30 MW火源位于偏离横向中心位置一个车道宽度条件下的顶棚射流的烟气温度特征,分析了烟气在各阶段的温度分布以及沿横向和纵向扩散的规律。结果表明：在火源下游一定区域内,偏置火源火灾产生的烟气在沿隧道横向和纵向扩散温度分布均呈非对称形态;烟气继续沿纵向扩散一段距离后,逐渐出现和形成温度分层;偏置火源顶棚射流的温升趋势随时间呈二次多项式关系增长,远壁面烟气沉降高度和温度衰减幅值大于相应中心火源的试验值;与中心火源的相似,火源在下游30 m内的顶棚射流温升随纵向距离的增加符合指数衰减规律,但同时还受到偏置距离的影响;可使用量纲一的偏距与量纲一的纵向距离的函数关系式描述其分布规律。     

城镇污水处理厂电气设计节能优化解析

从污水处理厂的供配电系统、电气设备选型、电气线路选型、照明系统四个方面介绍了城镇污水处理厂的电气设计节能优化的措施,并结合相关规范、文献及设计经验对污水厂电气设计节能优化要点进行简要解析。     

舰船用配电柜散热分析

以某型低压配电柜为研究对象,采用计算传热学的方法,计算环境温度下低压配电柜内的速度和温度场,详细分析舰船用配电柜内断路器、铜排和柜体表面的温度分布。对配电柜内特殊点进行试验测试,测试结果与计算结果基本一致。计算与试验结果表明配电柜设计合理,配电柜内的重要部位的温升指标均能满足GJB202A关于温升的要求。研究分析的方法和结论对提高配电柜散热效果具有参考价值。     

济南新旧动能转换先行区地下物流系统规划研究

为实现济南新旧动能转换先行区（下称“先行区”）的可持续发展,提出了利用地下物流系统发展智慧城市配送的创新思路,可提升城市物流的运行效率,形成高效的城市交通系统,支撑产业的新旧动能转换。以先行区的地下物流系统为主要研究对象,通过研究地下物流规划建设可行性,得出先行区内的大桥组团适宜发展地下物流系统的结论;对大桥组团内地下物流的需求进行预测,据此设计了地下物流系统的体系结构、物流节点、物流廊道、运输设备和技术参数等;对研究难点——地下物流廊道建设形式开展了详细设计,以此制定了地下物流近期建设方案,为先行区的智慧城市配送提供了较为全面的发展策略参考。     

内压载荷下X80管道裂纹应力分布规律研究

为了研究内压作用下管道裂纹应力场分布规律,以含有表面裂纹的X80管道为研究对象,对不同形状、不同方向、不同内压、不同尺寸的含裂纹管道进行仿真分析和实验验证。结果表明:裂纹尖端处应力远大于裂纹中心应力。裂纹形状对应力影响作用较小,随着裂纹方向与管道轴向夹角增大,裂纹尖端应力先增大后减小,随着管道内压、裂纹深度、裂纹长度的增大,裂纹尖端处应力随之线性增大。其中,裂纹长度对裂纹尖端应力的影响小于管道内压和裂纹深度。     

Extreme hawser tension assessment for FPSO vessel during offloading operation in Bohai bay

The Floating Production Storage and Offloading Unit (FPSO) is an offshore vessel that produces and stores crude oil prior to tanker transport.Robust prediction of extreme hawser tensions during Floating Production Storage and Offloading (FPSO) operation is an important safety concern. Excessive hawser tension may occur during offloading operations, posing an operational risk. In this paper, AQWA has been used to analyze vessel response due to hydrodynamic wave loads, acting on a specific FPSO vessel under actual sea conditions. Experimental validation of numerical results has been discussed as well.This paper advocates methodology for estimating extreme response statistics, based on simulations (or measurements). The modified ACER (averaged conditional exceedance rate) method is presented in brief detail. Proposed methodology provides an accurate extreme value prediction, utilizing all available data efficiently. In this study the estimated return level values, obtained by ACER method, are compared to the corresponding return level values obtained by Gumbel method. Based on the overall performance of the proposed method, it is concluded that the improved ACER method can provide more robust and accurate prediction of the extreme hawser tension.Data declustering issue has been addressed. Paper highlights ability of ACER method to account for a set of varying sea state probabilities, as required in engineering long term statistical analysis.Described approach may be well used at the vessel design stage, while defining optimal vessel parameters that would minimize potential FPSO hawser tension.     

Short-term statistics of ice loads on ship bow frames in floe ice fields: Full-scale measurements in the Antarctic ocean

Ship operation and ice loading in floe ice fields have received considerable interest during recent years. There have been several numerical simulators developed by different institutes which can simulate ship navigation through floe ice fields and estimate ship performance and local ice loads. However, public data obtained from full-scale measurement covering comprehensively ship performance and ice loads under various ice thicknesses, concentrations and floe sizes are rare. The 2018/19 Antarctic voyage of the Polar Supply and Research Vessel (PSRV) S.A. Agulhas II gathered considerable data of the ship in floe ice fields under various thicknesses, concentrations, and floe sizes. The aim of this paper is to carry out statistical analysis to seek suitable probability distributions which adequately fit the measured ice load and therefore suitable to be used as parent distributions for long-term estimation. For this aim, three categories of probability distributions, namely standard distributions, truncated distributions and mixture distributions are tested. It is found that truncated distributions can fit the load data better than standard distributions bounded at the threshold. In addition, mixture distributions are shown to have promising features, which fit the data well and are able to separate distribution components. Subsequentially, the well-performed distributions are used as parent distributions to make long-term load estimations. The estimation results demonstrate that long-term estimations are sensitive to the selection of parent distribution, which addresses the importance of finding correct distribution to model short-term ice loads. The data of ten selected cases will be published for the use of other researchers.     

天津软土土性指标的统计关系及概率分布模型研究

收集天津新港海域16个工程323个淤泥原状土样的物理力学指标,利用数理统计和概率论的方法,分析研究了该地区淤泥抗剪强度指标φ、c的变异特性,得到了物理指标与压缩指标、强度指标间的统计关系及经验公式,并利用A-D法对φ、c的概型分布进行检验。其成果为天津地区软土土性指标的合理取值提供了参考和依据。