车辆噪声和振动故障诊断研究

噪声、振动和舒适性是衡量现代汽车品质的一个综合性技术指标,针对车辆故障诊断中难以准确检测和维修诊断的噪声与振动故障现象,从噪声与振动的关系出发,讨论了噪声和振动产生的主要原因,剖析此类故障现象的诊断流程,探讨了噪声与振动故障诊断检修的一般方法与措施。     

汽车动力转向系统匹配性能分析

分析了汽车动力转向系统主要部件匹配试验与台架试验相互间的关系和差异,揭示了产生这些差异的原因,为动力转向系统的匹配试验研究和匹配评价提供了依据.     

一种新型的车用节能型燃油尾气一体式加热器

介绍一种新型车用加热器,既能使用加热器作为车辆的低温起动、采暖除霜的热源,又能在车辆正常运行时利用发动机尾气采暖除霜,尤其适用于城市客车。     

水中含气量对螺旋桨空泡噪声影响的试验研究

为了研究水中含气量对螺旋桨空泡噪声的影响,在大型循环水槽中对某一高速双桨船模型的螺旋桨模型辐射噪声进行了测试.试验中进行了同一含气量下,不同船速时螺旋桨模型的辐射噪声的测量以及给定速度下,不同含气量情况下螺旋桨模型辐射噪声测量.测试结果表明:同一含气量,模拟实船不同航速工况时,噪声的总声级随着航速增加逐步增加;模拟实船某一航速工况,水中不同含气量时,测量得到的噪声总声级随含气量的增加而下降.     

Investigation of the shear flows over a sunroof opening based on a linear inviscid instability analysis

The large-scale shear flows over the sunroof opening of a mid-sized SUV measured using a PIV system were investigated. The shear flows were measured for five different cases of deflector protrusion (one case was the baseline test without deflector) at two different free stream flow velocities below the critical velocity where the buffeting noise level reached a maximum. The structures of the shear flows were observed to differ, apparently depending on whether the radiated buffeting noise is relatively strong or not. For strongly buffeting experimental cases, the momentum thicknesses of the shear layers were observed to grow rapidly and saturated at a station near the downstream edge of the sunroof opening, where the saturation of the transverse velocity fluctuations was also observed, and where the vortex coalescence process was presumably completed. On the other hand, no discrete large-scale vortex structures were observed for none-buffeting or weakly buffeting cases. Streamwise growth of the velocity fluctuations was found to be well predicted by a linear hydrodynamic instability analysis for the strongly buffeting cases. Numerical results obtained from a linear inviscid instability analysis using a hyperbolic tangent mean velocity profile were used to calculate the amplification factors with the initial momentum thickness and the streamwise fluctuation wavenumber. The shear flows were found to form large-scale discrete vortices when the linear inviscid amplification factors exceeded a threshold amplification factor.     

白噪声海浪激励下船舶非线性横摇运动的概率分析

应用求解FPK方程近似解的一种新理论研究白噪声激励下船舶非线性横摇运动的联合概率密度函数及稳定期望穿阈率.船舶随机横摇运动微分方程考虑到阻尼力与恢复力的非线性.新理论基于减少FPK方程的误差以获得参数化的联合概率密度函数.应用本理论易得一维积分表达的系统响应的概率特性,如联合概率密度函数及稳定期望穿阈率.近似解与精确解的比较结果表明:新理论在研究白噪声激励下船舶非线性横摇运动是非常有效的.     

单自由度钢轨谐振器在钢轨波磨治理中的应用研究

地铁运营线路钢轨波磨病害越来越常见,其中以单一波长范围20～80 mm的啸叫型短波波磨最为典型.以天津地铁既有线某段波长约25 mm、啸叫噪声主频约735 Hz的典型啸叫型波磨整治方案为例,全面介绍试验研究及应用效果.在研究提出的单自由度钢轨谐振器整治方案的基础上,建立钢轨衰减率分析模型,对谐振器的质量、刚度与阻尼等关...     

发动机噪声测试环境的研究

从声压和声强两个角度研究了背景噪声和声反射对噪声测量的影响,并探讨了减小影响、提高测量精度的措施。在保证精度的前提下找到可应用于普通实验室条件乃至工作现场的噪声测试方法。     

地铁车站风机消声设计

风机是地铁噪声的主要来源。介绍了地铁车站消声的设计标准,以及地铁车站风机的消声设计及计算方法,并以地铁某车站内隧道风机运行工况作为消声计算的实例。介绍了地铁车站采用的风道片式、整体式、管壳式等消声器的性能。     

轨道交通轮轨横向振动噪声分析

通过建立车轮与轨道相互作用模型,分析了考虑轮轨表面随机不平顺、尤其是短波长的波纹型磨耗以及不同列车速度时,对轮轨横向振动和振动噪声的影响。建立的模型和程序预测的轮轨噪声与有关文献的实测结果基本吻合。