未知参数的舰船辐射噪声线谱Duffing振子检测方法

当被动声呐探测舰船目标时,舰船辐射噪声中的线谱成分是舰船分类识别及航行状态监测的特征参量,通常情况下线谱的频率及数量是未知的。针对现有未知频率的Duffing振子检测方法存在系统结构复杂,判别时间长,需要人为参与等问题,本文构造了变参数单一Duffing振子检测模型,并提出了变频频率切片小波变换的Duffing振子检测方法。该方法通过设置合理的频率灵敏度参数自动地调整系统内置策动力频率值,利用频率切片小波变换提升系统抗噪性能,结合Poincare映射特征函数的系统相态定量判决方法,变频搜索待测信号中的线谱分量。在实测数据的分析处理中,对不同观测时间内的数据进行检测,实现了线谱成分的检测跟踪与频率估计,并根据时间轨迹上的频率识别信息确定存在的稳定线谱成分。数据处理结果表明,该方法能够实现低信噪比下参数未知线谱的检测与频率估计。     

飞机环控系统蝶形阀气动噪声特性及影响因素

为研究飞机环控系统管路蝶形阀气动噪声特性及影响因素,采用CFD软件与专业声学分析软件进行联合仿真,对气体流经阀门时的流场进行瞬态分析,将所得流场数据导入专业声学软件LMS Virtual.Lab,生成气动噪声声源,并建立气动噪声模型。分析结果表明:气体流过蝶形阀后产生较强烈的涡流扰动,导致管路和阀门壁面产生脉动压力,从而辐射气动噪声;蝶形阀气动噪声声压级频谱较宽,无明显主频率;阀门开度和气体流速会显著影响气动噪声声压级,在系统设计中应避免阀门长时间在低开度下工作。     

基于小波去噪的车牌定位系统

如何避免外界环境的变换对车牌定位的影响是一个有待研究的问题,介绍基于小波去噪的车牌定位系统及其在车牌定位流程中采用小波去噪法去除外界噪声对车牌定位影响的方法,通过边缘加强、中值滤波,最后通过垂直投影和水平投影对车牌精确位置进行检测,取得了较好的定位效果.     

弹性车轮的发展与研究现状

介绍了弹性车轮的发展概况和国内外研究进展情况,其中包括弹性车轮的结构改进、降低轮轨噪声的理论和性能试验研究、寿命研究以及弹性车轮新材料研究进展情况,并在此基础上提出了今后的研究方向。     

多级增压控制管路节流气穴噪声的试验研究

在试验研究的基础上，论述了多级节流增压模拟水泵实际运行背压具有的低噪声特性，并在此基础上对管路系统的低噪声设计提出了几点建议。     

红外线阵探测器驱动电路的低噪声设计

论文首先介绍了红外线阵探测器的系统组成和各个组成部分的功能,详细分析了红外探测系统的噪声来源,并结合实际经验,从软件到硬件电路设计,总结了降低噪声的方法,最后通过分析实验数据,得出红外线阵探测系统输出信号的噪声均方差（RMS）等于0．68mV,计算得到中波线阵探测器的NETD等于80ink,长波红外探测器的NETD等于40mK。实验数据显示通过采用本文低噪声的设计,驱动采集电路达到了比较低的噪声值,红外焦平面探测系统总体成像性能达到理想效果。     

Numerical study on flow-induced noise for a steam stop-valve using large eddy simulation

The noise induced by the fluctuant saturated steam flow under 250 °C in a stop-valve was numerically studied.The simulation was carried out using computational fluid dynamics（CFD） and ACTRAN.The acoustic field was investigated with Lighthill＇s acoustic analogy based on the properties of the flow field obtained using a large-eddy simulation that employs the LES-WALE dynamic model as the sub-grid-scale model.Firstly,the validation of mesh was well conducted,illustrating that two million elements were sufficient in this situation.Secondly,the treatment of the steam was deliberated,and conclusions indicate that when predicting the flow-induced noise of the stop-valve,the steam can be treated as incompressible gas at a low inlet velocity.Thirdly,the flow-induced noises under different inlet velocities were compared.The findings reveal it has remarkable influence on the flow-induced noises.Lastly,whether or not the heat preservation of the wall has influence on the noise was taken into account.The results show that heat preservation of the wall had little influence.     

水面舰船流噪声数值预报研究与应用

在梳理流噪声数值预报方法的基础上,采用流场大涡模拟（large eddy simulation,LES）和声学边界元（boundary element method,BEM）方法在频域内计算预报了船体流噪声谱曲线,求取了其等效声中心.LES计算时选用动力学Smagorinsky-Lilly（dynamic Smagorinsky-Lilly,DSM）亚格子应力模型,流噪声由船体壁面脉动压力和法向速度特性决定,声源节点和声节点变量传递采用一对一的守恒传递方式.结果表明：某型船在航速14 kn时,裸船体流噪声在20 Hz~2 kHz频段内总声源级为133dB;当计算有效频段扩展到20 kHz时,总声源级达143.3 dB.流噪声主要来源于兴波引起的涡量,且主要集中于100 Hz~10 kHz频段.球首尾流区和船体尾涡区对流噪声辐射量贡献明显,特别是球首尾流区,对全频段都有明显的贡献,为水面舰艇流噪声研究提供了一条新的途径.     

Evaluating Locations for Intermodal Transport Terminals

Abstract

The choice of location for an intermodal transport terminal is an important component in a regional logistics system and a paramount decision for the investor as well as the community affected. The investor needs a realistic estimation of traffic potentials and incorporated cost-estimates of a location, since it serves as an important input to the investment decision process. Policy makers need instruments and tools to analyse the effect of intermodal terminals on the surrounding environment, which also enables a comparison between several possible locations in order to ensure sustainability and long-term competitiveness. The model in this paper allows a comparative evaluation of a set of possible intermodal terminal locations based on considerations by relevant actors. Furthermore, it presents a process of retrieving data and effectively communicating results. Considerations and interests of stakeholders are incorporated into the approach by means of evaluative criteria. The approach aims at facilitating the planning process of regional logistics systems in general and the evaluation process of intermodal terminal locations in particular by considering both public and private interests focusing on economic and environmental aspects.