静态爆破工艺在旧桥改造中的应用

阐述了静态爆破施工的作用机理和施工工艺,通过与常规爆破工艺相比较,论证了该工艺具有的造价低、无振动、无噪声、无粉尘、无飞石、无毒气污染等特点和其广泛的推广应用价值.     

A generic data assimilation framework for vehicle trajectory reconstruction on signalized urban arterials using particle filters

With trajectory data, a complete microscopic and macroscopic picture of traffic flow operations can be obtained. However, trajectory data are difficult to observe over large spatiotemporal regions—particularly in urban contexts—due to practical, technical and financial constraints. The next best thing is to estimate plausible trajectories from whatever data are available. This paper presents a generic data assimilation framework to reconstruct such plausible trajectories on signalized urban arterials using microscopic traffic flow models and data from loops (individual vehicle passages and thus vehicle counts); traffic control data; and (sparse) travel time measurements from whatever source available. The key problem we address is that loops suffer from miss- and over-counts, which result in unbounded errors in vehicle accumulations, rendering trajectory reconstruction highly problematic. Our framework solves this problem in two ways. First, we correct the systematic error in vehicle accumulation by fusing the counts with sparsely available travel times. Second, the proposed framework uses particle filtering and an innovative hierarchical resampling scheme, which effectively integrates over the remaining error distribution, resulting in plausible trajectories. The proposed data assimilation framework is tested and validated using simulated data. Experiments and an extensive sensitivity analysis show that the proposed method is robust to errors both in the model and in the measurements, and provides good estimations for vehicle accumulation and vehicle trajectories with moderate sensor quality. The framework does not impose restrictions on the type of microscopic models used and can be naturally extended to include and estimate additional trajectory attributes such as destination and path, given data are available for assimilation.     

基于职业能力的高职会计实践教学体系的重构

文章通过分析高职会计专业构建实践教学体系的必要性入手，分析会计职业能力的内涵，从会计课程体系、实训项目体系、实训项目教学设计三个方面探索了现代高职会计实践教学体系的构建，拓展会计实践教学的实训资源，完善构建实践教学体系的机制。     

Studying the benefits of carpooling in an urban area using automatic vehicle identification data

Carpooling has been considered a solution for alleviating traffic congestion and reducing air pollution in cities. However, the quantification of the benefits of large-scale carpooling in urban areas remains a challenge due to insufficient travel trajectory data. In this study, a trajectory reconstruction method is proposed to capture vehicle trajectories based on citywide license plate recognition (LPR) data. Then, the prospects of large-scale carpooling in an urban area under two scenarios, namely, all vehicle travel demands under real-time carpooling condition and commuter vehicle travel demands under long-term carpooling condition, are evaluated by solving an integer programming model based on an updated longest common subsequence (LCS) algorithm. A maximum weight non-bipartite matching algorithm is introduced to find the optimal solution for the proposed model. Finally, road network trip volume reduction and travel speed improvement are estimated to measure the traffic benefits attributed to carpooling. This study is applied to a dataset that contains millions of LPR data recorded in Langfang, China for 1 week. Results demonstrate that under the real-time carpooling condition, the total trip volumes for different carpooling comfort levels decrease by 32–49%, and the peak-hour travel speeds on most road segments increase by 5–40%. The long-term carpooling relationship among commuter vehicles can reduce commuter trips by an average of 30% and 24% in the morning and evening peak hours, respectively, during workdays. This study shows the application potential and promotes the development of this vehicle travel mode.     

山区漫水桥梁水毁调查分析及重建设计

重点阐述在涞水县7.21灾后公路恢复重建中，对桥梁水毁状况的调查分析以及工程重建设计要点，可为相关工作提供借鉴。     

由船舶响应反推当前海浪频谱的探索研究

借助白噪声谱在数学处理上的独特优势,利用计算流体力学方法(CFD),生成了高精度的白噪声长峰不规则波,实现了船模在该海浪环境下顶浪航行时的纵摇及垂荡耦合运动的数值模拟,从而计算船模纵摇和垂向加速度的响应幅值算子(RAO),达到了由海上实测摇荡时历反推较高精度海浪频谱的目标,并将反推结果与海上实测海浪数据进行了对比,效果良好,从而为在航船舶提供了一种获取当前海浪信息的新方法。     

基于道路交通的相空间重构

利用相空间重构法,对道路交通中的车流量进行模拟分析,在选择适当的嵌入维数和延迟时间的情况下,得到相应的关联维度,即车流量这个时间序列的吸引子维度.得到的关联维度是个大于2的分形维,说明构成此序列的交通系统是个混沌系统.如果要进一步构建此系统的动力学模型,至少需要3个独立的参数变量.此方法为道路交通预测工作的顺利展开打下了一定的基础.     

舰船防污染技术新进展

介绍了舰船防污染领域中生活污水处理技术,灰水处理技术、油污水处理技术的现状,对现有船舶污水处理装置存在的问题进行了分析,论述了船舶污水处理技术的发展趋势．     

基于二进制粒子群算法的母联闭合型电网重构策略

为解决母联闭合型电网发生故障时的电网重构问题,提出一种基于二进制粒子群算法的电网重构策略.根据深水半潜平台电网特殊的网络架构和电气特性,建立以最大程度恢复重要负载供电为目标,以电网结构和系统容量为约束条件的母联闭合型电网故障恢复模型.为提升求解效率,为该模型设计基于二进制粒子群算法的两阶段优化求解流程,并将求解结果与混...     

柴油机车辆冒黑烟故障的原因分析

通过控制环境温度和中冷后进气温度,对某柴油发动机进行单变量因素台架试验,并对其结果影响进行分析;同时结合整车匹配设计与ECU数据标定,分析车辆运行过程中冒黑烟的原因及提出相应解决措施。