存在磨损故障的往复发动机的动力响应

建立了含间隙往复机械的动力学模型,并用数值法对方程进行了求解。从数值结果可以看到连杆与曲柄之间的间隙和活塞与气缸间隙对动力性能的影响情况,为进一步研究磨损造成的间隙在振动响应上的表现和提取磨损的故障特征奠定了基础。     

既有线构（建）筑物旁控制爆破技术

重庆轻轨三号线一期工程火车客站紧邻铁路既有线建筑物,详细介绍了基坑施工中采用浅孔微震爆破进行分层开挖、周边增打减震孔、预留光爆层、再辅以覆盖和围档等降低爆破震速和防止爆破飞石的工程措施,并在爆破中进行了震动速度的监测和观测。既满足了施工进度又确保了建筑物的安全。     

土石堆积体精细化模型构建及力学特性数值试验

土石堆积体具有较强的非均质性,其力学破坏特性受内部块石的细部特征影响较大。依托罗打拉堆积体隧道,借助数字图像处理与块石随机投放技术实现了对土石堆积体精细化数值模型的构建,采用大型三轴试验验证模型的正确性,并深入探讨土石堆积体力学破坏的特征及规律。研究结果表明:该方法获得的力学参数及应力应变曲线与三轴试验结果差异不大;在加载过程中,剪切破裂面由试样中部及顶部两端块石尖端与土体的交界面沿土石路径向四周发育,直至形成X形或人字形带状分布的剪切塑性区,并趋于贯通至发生剪切破坏。该方法的提出为土石堆积体力学参数的选取提供了一种新思路,可为土石堆积体隧道工程设计、施工等提供有益指导。     

电动汽车振动能量回收综述

电动汽车的能量回收在电动汽车出现后不久就被人们所重视,随着各种技术的发展,电动汽车能量回收技术也变得越来越成熟。本文主要研究了电动汽车振动能量回收方式。将部分已经进行的研究进行了归纳,分析了各种回收方式的优劣以及目前面临的问题和解决的建议,并对于电动汽车能量回收的未来发展进行展望。     

交通振动对石窟类古建筑的影响及对策

交通振动会对建筑物特别是古建筑物的结构安全以及其中居民的日常生活产生很大的影响。因此,在公路工程建设和营运过程中,应加大对交通沿线古建筑的保护,根据测量结果因地制宜地采取措施。     

Guidance for new policy developments on railway noise and vibration

Noise and vibration are two of the main problems associated with railways in residential areas. To ensure quality of life and well-being of inhabitants living in the vicinity of railway paths, it is important to evaluate, understand, control and regulate railway noise and vibration. Much attention has been focused on the impact of noise from railway traffic but the consideration of railway-induced vibration has often been neglected. This paper aims to provide policy guidance based on results obtained from the analyses of relationships estimated from ordinal logit models between human response, railway noise exposure and railway vibration exposure. This was achieved using data from case studies comprised of face-to-face interviews (N = 931), internal vibration measurements (N = 755), and noise calculations (N = 688) collected within the study “Human Response to Vibration in Residential Environments” by the University of Salford, UK. Firstly, the implications of neglecting vibration in railway noise policies are investigated. The findings suggest that it is important to account for railway induced vibrations in future noise and transport policies, as neglecting vibrations results in an underestimation of people highly annoyed by noise. Secondly, implications of neglecting different types of railway sources are presented. It was found that the impact of noise and vibration form maintenance operations should be better understood and should be taken into account when assessing the environmental impact of railways in residential environments. Finally, factors that were found to influence railway vibration annoyance are presented and expressed as weightings. The data shows that factors specific to a particular residential area should also be taken into account in future vibration policies as the literature shows that attitudinal, socio-demographic and situational factors have a large influence on vibration annoyance responses. This work will be of interest to researchers and environmental health practitioners involved in the assessment of vibration complaints, as well as to policy makers, planners and consultants involved in the design of buildings and railways.     

永磁推进电机振动分析

采用永磁推进电机是舰艇综合电力推进系统发展趋势,推进电机的振动直接影响舰艇的振动噪声指标,从而影响舰艇的隐身性。本文通过对50kW永磁推进电机的仿真和样机试验,提出降低推进电机振动的思路,对永磁推进电机的设计具有借鉴意义。     

流固耦合作用下的注水管路流激振动噪声数值模拟

大压差工况下,船舶内部液舱自流注水时管路振动噪声问题突出。采用有限体积法离散大涡模拟的流体控制方程,计算分析典型工况下注水系统管内流场。考虑管内液体对管道结构振动的影响,计算注水管路的“湿模态”。以管路壁面流体压力脉动作为激励源,基于有限元法对流固耦合作用下管道结构的振动和流激振动辐射噪声进行数值模拟。对阀门上下游不同监测点的流激振动噪声频谱进行分析,探究管路流激振动噪声产生、传播和衰减规律。分析结果表明:注水系统管道结构流激振动噪声沿管道传播基本无衰减;流激振动噪声频带较宽,主频率为80 Hz;管道结构的流激振动噪声整体幅值较大,需要采取增加弹性管卡等措施进行治理。     

基于ANSYS的超声波激励下悬臂梁的动力学特性分析

文章针对原子力显微镜超声波激励模式下的振动行为运用ANSYS进行模态分析,并结合实验对悬臂梁上探针的振动频率对图像质量的影响进行研究分析,实验结果表明：超声激励的振动如果接近或等于悬臂梁的固有频率或低频状态下,图像的分辨率就会有明显的下降,而且振幅有很大偏差。因此,在实验过程中要避开悬臂梁的固有频率,就能提高成像质量。     

Empirical model of the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio

The vortex-induced vibrations (VIV) of two flexible circular cylinders in a tandem configuration were studied numerically for spacing ratios ranging from 6 to 18 and the reduced velocities ranging from 2.35 to 12.59. The VIV response amplitude, response frequency, fluid force, pressure distribution and vortex structure of the tandem cylinders with different spacing ratios under different reduced velocities were compared. The results indicate that there is a great difference between the lift forces on the downstream and upstream cylinders. The lift coefficient of the downstream cylinder undergoing the wake-induced vibrations (WIV) is larger than that of the upstream cylinder, and the dominant frequency curves of the lift coefficients of the upstream and downstream cylinders separate. It can be found that the length and intensity of the wake are quite different under different reduced velocities and spacing ratios, and the reattachment positions between the wake and the downstream cylinder are different, which leads to a great change in the flow around the downstream cylinder and have a great effect on the wake-induced lift force on the downstream cylinder. Considering these factors, an empirical model for the wake-induced lift force on a cylinder with low mass ratio was proposed and verified.