尺度适应性二代小波的图像去噪方法

根据二代小波变换的基本理论和特点,研究二代小波对图像去噪的效果。提出基于二代小波的尺度适应性分解算法,并使用改进阈值函数进行阈值分析后再对噪声图像进行去噪处理。实验结果证明,使用尺度适应性二代小波对图像去噪比其他方法具有更好的效果,去噪后的图像信噪比大大提高。     

客车主要噪声源识别的试验研究

基于偏奇异值分析法识别噪声源的基本原理，采用了近场声压测量法，同步采集15个传感器的振动与声压信号，识别出客车车外噪声的主要噪声源，分析出各噪声源对车外噪声的贡献并做出降低车外噪声的预测分析。所采用的试验与分析方法具有计算量小、声源定位准确的特点，并且可以准确预测零部件的改进对车外噪声的影响。试验研究和实车应用表明，这种方法可以适用于复杂的工程实际。     

Connectivity analysis of the global shipping network by eigenvalue decomposition

ABSTRACT

Maritime shipping necessitates flexible and cost-effective port access worldwide through the global shipping network. This paper presents an efficient method to identify major port communities, and analyses the network connectivity of the global shipping network based on community structure. The global shipping network is represented by a signless Laplacian matrix which can be decomposed to generate its eigenvectors and corresponding eigenvalues. The largest gaps between the eigenvalues were then used to determine the optimal number of communities within the network. The eigenvalue decomposition method offers the advantage of detecting port communities without relying on a priori assumption about the number of communities and the size of each community. By applying this method to a dataset collected from seven world leading liner shipping companies, we found that the ports are clustered into three communities in the global container shipping network, which is consistent with the major container trade routes. The sparse linkages between port communities indicate where access is relatively poor.     

基于经验模式分解的钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺提取方法

钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺隐藏在轨道不平顺中。采用小波分析和经验模式分解相结合的方法,对钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺进行识别和提取分析。利用对称双正交小波对轨检车监测到的车体垂向加速度响应和高低轨道不平顺信号进行小波变换,滤除波长1 m以下成分后,基本可以保证用经验模式分解得到的第1个固有模态函数包含全部钢轨弯曲不平顺信息。对提取得到的钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺的分析表明,不同钢轨上存在的弯曲不平顺不同,钢轨存在的波浪弯曲不平顺是波长在3 m附近变化的准周期不平顺;钢轨波浪弯曲不平顺是引起车体颤振的原因。建议在提速线路和客运专线上应限制波浪弯曲钢轨上道。     

区级海绵城市建设规划中指标管控方法探讨

针对区级海绵城市建设规划中管控单元划分和指标分解等关键环节,提出最小管控单元和管控指标源头-系统两级分解体系.上海市虹口区的案例表明,最小管控单元可有效衔接源头地块、控规单元和排水系统,管控指标源头-系统两级分解体系可有效体现系统性工程在海绵指标中的贡献,合理减轻源头项目的达标压力.     

基于局部均值分解与局部离群因子动力电池故障诊断

动力电池故障诊断是保证电动汽车正常运行的关键。提出一种基于局部均值分解和局部离群因子的动力电池故障诊断方法,用于电池组故障识别与定位。通过局部均值分解对电压信号预处理,并根据相关系数高低重构电压信号。进一步提取重构信号的峭度因子作为故障特征输入到局部离群因子算法中,根据局部离群因子算法自适应阈值输出故障电池。采用实车数据验证了所提方法能有效、准确地检测出故障,具有较好的可靠性与鲁棒性。     

基于遗传算法的潜艇首端耐压平面舱壁构架分级优化研究

探讨了潜艇首端耐压平面舱壁的结构优化设计,针对舱壁结构复杂、设计变量多、取值离散规格化等难点,确定两级优化方案,即先后分别对舱壁内部主构架和肘板进行优化,采用遗传算法作为优化方法,并利用ANSYS程序对舱壁结构进行受力分析.对遗传算法进行了改进,并在此基础上用MATLAB语言编程实现遗传算法操作,同时编程与ANSYS结合起来,完成结构优化设计.经过迭代优化,得到一个优化方案,优化部分的结构重量较初始方案降低了18.39%.     

A signal decomposition method based on repeated extraction of maximum energy component for offshore structures

Contrary to most signal decomposition methods that usually decompose an original signal into a series of components simultaneously, a novel approach based on repeated extraction of Maximum Energy Component (MEC) is proposed. The approach starts from determination of the MEC referring to the estimated Power Spectral Density (PSD) function, and then represents the MEC by employing an exponential function to fit the original signal. By defining a stopping criterion based on two adjacent estimated PSDs, each MEC can be accurately extracted with an improved performance throughout the entire signal decomposition. To verify the proposed method, a single degree-of-freedom system subject to harmonic loads has been examined. Numerical results show that the analytical response can not only be decomposed into four MECs corresponding to the excitation and the system, respectively, but also provide an accurate estimation of natural frequency and damping ratio of the system. Meanwhile, by observing results from the Ensemble Empirical Mode Decomposition (EEMD), Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) and Prony based on state-space model (Prony-SS), an improved decomposition accuracy has been achieved from the proposed approach. Furthermore, experimental data from the Norwegian Deepwater Programme and two sets of field-test data from one fixed offshore platform and an offshore wind turbine have been used to demonstrate the correctness of the developed signal decomposition method. It is noted that divergence in results by Prony-SS can be observed when a very large model order is used, while the proposed method provides the better decomposition and reconstruction of signals.     

Development and calibration of a long-distance passenger traffic assignment model

This paper studies the assignment of long-distance passenger traffic on a highway corridor network. First, we propose a traditional model for the long-distance traffic assignment considering interactions with local commuter traffic. It addresses the effect of local networks on highway corridors. An iterative algorithm is developed to solve for the exact solution. Then, to address the potential computational issues that arise therein, a decomposition method is proposed by introducing a new concept of corridor elasticity. An assignment procedure for long-distance passenger traffic is developed accordingly. Numerical tests show that the proposed decomposition method makes significant improvements in computational performance at a small loss of optimality. This decomposition method well approximates the exact assignment from the traditional formulation, especially when the highway corridors are near-saturation. The proposed decomposition method appears practical for application.     

准饱和土中单桩竖向荷载作用下的动力响应

根据Biot饱和多孔连续介质波动方程,基于Bardet对准饱和土的假设,提出了准饱和土二相介质波动方程;运用Helmholtz矢量分解和传递、透射矩阵法(TRM)推导出准饱和土中层状半空间受竖向荷载作用下的动力响应表达式;利用Muki虚拟桩法,在层状半空间建立了桩和准饱和土相互作用的第二类Fredholm积分方程,通过离散的数值积分方法求解积分方程,讨论了准饱和土中单桩竖向动力响应问题.算例分析表明,准饱和土中桩顶竖向阻抗随饱和度的减少而增大,与饱和土地基相比,明显偏大;桩侧孔压随饱和度的减小而增大,并沿着桩长迅速衰减;桩顶位移幅值在频率较小时变化明显,饱和度越小,位移峰值越大,当频率较大时,饱和度的变化对振幅的影响不大.