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1.
戚国锋 《铁路工程造价管理》2013,28(2):11-14
CRTSⅡ板式无砟轨道施工技术和工序复杂,工艺要求高,每条客运专线建设都要先选一段先导段,根据施工组织设计开展施工,在总结经验和评审的基础上,为开展全线施工提供条件。此文针对杭长客运专线先导段的具体情况和特点,从计划工期、组织机构、资源配置等方面阐述施工组织设计的内容。并对其施工功效和成本投入进行分析,提出综合折算指标,为保证施工质量和控制工程成本提供测算依据。 相似文献
2.
袁东 《铁路工程造价管理》2012,27(6):38-39,43
随着我国高速铁路的发展,工程建设中以桥代路及大跨度箱梁得到了广泛应用,架设过程中如何控制架设成本,还没有一套有效办法。此文在阐述项目成本控制必要性的基础上,针对900t箱梁架设如何进行成本控制,从编制施工方案开始进行成本预控、过程控制、及时总结与改进等方面进行详细论述,提出进行成本控制的要点,可为类似工程提供借鉴。 相似文献
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This paper explains the theory in support of total cost analysis (TCA) to compare transportation system alternatives. The full costs of each alternative are first aggregated, including travel time costs and monetizable environmental and social costs. Many costs which are considered on the benefits side of the equation in benefit-cost analysis (BCA) as "cost savings" are brought over to the costs side. Total cost differences among alternatives are then traded off against their estimated non-monetized benefits or impacts, just as a consumer trades off product quality against cost before deciding which product he or she will buy. One advantage of TCA over traditional BCA is that the concept of "total cost" is more easily understood by the public and by political decision-makers than BCA concepts such as "net present worth", "benefit-cost ratio" and "internal rate of return". A second advantage is that there is no suggestion that all "benefits" have been considered; decision-makers are free to use their own value judgements to trade off total cost against non-monetizable social, environmental and economic impacts, just as they trade off quality and convenience against cost when purchasing goods and services in their roles as consumers. The TCA approach is demonstrated in this paper through a case study of two systemwide alternatives for the Baltimore, MD urban area. 相似文献
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A new microeconomic model for the operation of an airline facing modal competition with uncertain total demand is developed to analyze optimal price capacity combinations. The novelty is the treatment of the capacity restriction, which is not viewed as affecting negatively individual preferences (e.g. probability of a full flight), but does influence aggregate utility. A mode choice model is used to represent unrestricted individual preferences assuming full availability (phone call demand); air capacity is treated as a variable that acts on the actual choice set. Restricted choices and total demand stochasticity are integrated in welfare calculations (users' benefits and profits). Numerical examples are given and results are analyzed in terms of load factors fare levels, and sensitivity to the stochasticity of requests.This research was partially funded by FONDECYT, Chile, Direction Génerale de l'Aviation Civile, France, the Andes Foundation and the Fulbright Commission. 相似文献
5.
Jakobsson et al. (2000) found that in Sweden public acceptance of road pricing decreases if it is perceived to be unfair and to infringe on freedom. The present study reports a survey investigating whether the same effects are found in the Asian countries of Japan and Taiwan. The results indicate that fairness plays the same role. However, income had a direct effect on acceptance in Taiwan but not in Japan or Sweden. 相似文献
6.
通过分析铁路保价运输与运输保险之间竞合关系,建立保价运输市场份额模型和利润模型。其中,市场份额模型包括自然增长模型、合作模型、竞争模型与竞合模型。在此基础上,确定铁路保价运输在与运输保险竞合关系基础上的最优保价费率模型,分析二者的竞合关系对保价运输费率和保价运输市场份额的影响。 相似文献
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