Uncertain demand,modal competition and optimal price-capacity adjustments in air transportation

A new microeconomic model for the operation of an airline facing modal competition with uncertain total demand is developed to analyze optimal price capacity combinations. The novelty is the treatment of the capacity restriction, which is not viewed as affecting negatively individual preferences (e.g. probability of a full flight), but does influence aggregate utility. A mode choice model is used to represent unrestricted individual preferences assuming full availability (phone call demand); air capacity is treated as a variable that acts on the actual choice set. Restricted choices and total demand stochasticity are integrated in welfare calculations (users' benefits and profits). Numerical examples are given and results are analyzed in terms of load factors fare levels, and sensitivity to the stochasticity of requests.This research was partially funded by FONDECYT, Chile, Direction Génerale de l'Aviation Civile, France, the Andes Foundation and the Fulbright Commission.     

水资源配置方案的相对有效性评价

将水资源配置定义为一种广义的投入产出问题,在给出水资源配置的基本投入产出指标后,探讨了应用GEM(群组特征根法)-MAUT(多属性效用理论)模型对配置方案的相对有效性进行评价.该模型运用群组特征根法确定指标权重,而后由多属性效用理论给出方案的优劣次序.相对于DEA(数据包络分析)或ANN(人工神经网络)法,该模型更适用于对评价指标有特别要求的情况.     

城市轨道交通车辆基地室外综合管沟的应用研究

室外管线综合设计是城市轨道交通车辆基地设计的重点和难点,通常室外管线多以直埋的方式敷设于地下,但这种方式在设计、施工、运营维护阶段均存在着一些问题,因此提出了在室外设置综合管沟的方式,尽可能解决目前出现的问题.针对相关问题,提出了设置室外综合管沟的必要性和意义,从入沟管线种类分析、综合管沟管线布置原则、断面设计、特殊节...     

Vehicle lift-off modelling and a new rollover detection criterion

The modelling and development of a general criterion for the prediction of rollover threshold is the main purpose of this work. Vehicle dynamics models after the wheels lift-off and when the vehicle moves on the two wheels are derived and the governing equations are used to develop the rollover threshold. These models include the properties of the suspension and steering systems. In order to study the stability of motion, the steady-state solutions of the equations of motion are carried out. Based on the stability analyses, a new relation is obtained for the rollover threshold in terms of measurable response parameters. The presented criterion predicts the best time for the prevention of the vehicle rollover by applying a correcting moment. It is shown that the introduced threshold of vehicle rollover is a proper state of vehicle motion that is best for stabilising the vehicle with a low energy requirement.     

基于差异时效的服务评价模型

针对KNN(k-nearest neighbor)方法在服务评价过程中存在的时效量化、评价窗口宽度以及反馈控制等问题,提出了具有差异时效的服务评价模型(WSEM-VTU).在WSEM-VTU中,采用系统动力学方法研究复杂时效量化方法,以获得差异时效量化结果;基于复杂时效量化方法得到的结果,自适应计算评价窗口宽度;根据评价统计特征,设计恶意评价反馈控制策略.通过实验,将WSEM-VTU与现有评价模型WSEM-E及WSEM-KNN进行比较,结果表明:WSEM-VTU的平均误差为0.877,比WSEM-E和WSEM-KNN分别降低了1.020和0.135;引入反馈控制策略后,WSEM-VTU出现恶意评价的情况平均降低67%.     

港口与运输方式及陆港联合选择的巢式Logit模型

为刻画托运人对港口、运输方式及陆港的联合选择行为,将港口费用、等待时间、班轮频率、货物价值、单次运量、运输成本、运输及通关时间、准班率、陆港服务作为效用变量,构建港口选择位于上层、运输方式及陆港选择位于下层的巢式Logit模型.基于辽宁部分城市集装箱托运人的RP/SP调查数据,对模型参数进行估计和检验.结果表明,低运量倾向选择公路运输,托运人对多式联运的运输成本、运输及通关时间比公路运输的更重视,对公路运输的准班率比多式联运的更重视,陆港服务对多式联运具有显著正向影响,巢式Logit模型比MNL模型具有更优的统计学特征.     

综合管廊有偿使用收费方式及其适用性探究

采用理论研究和案例分析法针对城市地下综合管廊有偿使用收费方式进行了详细的探讨,并依托成都市IT大道地下综合管廊工程,同时借鉴了日月大道、成洛大道、成渝高速入城段等试点管廊的相关参数测算综合管廊有偿使用费,其中入廊费和日常维护费分别采用直埋成本法和空间比例法进行计算,建立了成都市地下综合管廊入廊费和日常维护费收费标准。研究结果表明采用该方法测算得到的成都市管线入廊费和日常维护收费标准较适应管线现状实际建设和运维情况,更易让各管线单位接受。     

公园城市街道一体化设计理念的应用实践——以成都杉板桥路市政管线改造设计为例

以成都市公园城市街道一体化建设试点项目——杉板桥路(二环-中环)改造项目为工程背景,阐述了传统市政管线改造设计要点和公园城市街道一体化理念下市政管线改造设计要点。介绍了公园城市街道一体化设计理念在该项目中的应用实践。对改造项目进行了管线现状及需求分析和管线建设边界条件分析,详细介绍了市政管线改造采用缆线管廊、综合排管的创新设计方案。