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故障车停车线的布局设置对城市轨道交通线路工程的造价和建成后的运营均有重要影响. 本文从建设和运营两方面对城市轨道交通故障车停车线的布局设置方案的优化进行了研究,介绍了城市轨道交通中故障车停车线设置研究的现状,从城市轨道交通系统运营角度分析了故障车处理及救援的基本流程;参考地铁设计规范及运营要求,建立了以考虑故障救援效果和工程造价二者为优化目标的故障线布局设置多目标0-1规划模型;并结合模型实际背景设计了隐枚举求解方法;运用某条城市轨道交通线路的设计数据对模型和求解算法进行了验证. 结果表明,该方法能够快速、合理地得出故障车停车线的布局设置方案.     

部分斜拉桥塔梁墩固结点局部应力分析

庆淄路惠青黄河公路大桥为部分斜拉桥,矩形桥塔,塔梁墩固结,桥塔处主梁设置有斜向横隔板.建立其塔-梁-墩固结部位的三维有限元模型,分析该部位的局部应力.重点分析桥塔作用在主梁上的荷载对0号块主梁应力的影响,以及竖向及横向预应力荷载的效应.     

柴油发电机组的安全检查

介绍入级规范和检验规则对柴油发电机组的要求,有针对性地提出了具体的检查方法,并对常见缺陷进行总结,提出了缺陷处理原则。     

Mesoscale subduction at the Almeria–Oran front: Part 1: Ageostrophic flow

This paper presents a detailed diagnostic analysis of hydrographic and current meter data from three, rapidly repeated, fine-scale surveys of the Almeria–Oran front. Instability of the frontal boundary, between surface waters of Atlantic and Mediterranean origin, is shown to provide a mechanism for significant heat transfer from the surface layers to the deep ocean in winter. The data were collected during the second observational phase of the EU funded OMEGA project on RRS Discovery cruise 224 during December 1996. High resolution hydrographic measurements using the towed undulating CTD vehicle, SeaSoar, traced the subduction of Mediterranean Surface Water across the Almeria–Oran front. This subduction is shown to result from a significant baroclinic component to the instability of the frontal jet. The Q-vector formulation of the omega equation is combined with a scale analysis to quantitatively diagnose vertical transport resulting from mesoscale ageostrophic circulation. The analyses are presented and discussed in the presence of satellite and airborne remotely sensed data; which provide the basis for a thorough and novel approach to the determination of observational error.     

Observations of the Fawn Trough Current over the Kerguelen Plateau from instrumented elephant seals

Due to its great meridional extent and relatively shallow depths, the Kerguelen Plateau constitutes a major barrier to the eastward flowing Antarctic Circumpolar Current in the Indian sector of the Southern Ocean. While most of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transport is deflected north of the Kerguelen Islands, the remainder ( 50 Sv, 1 Sv = 10⁶ m³ s^− 1) must pass south of the islands, most probably through the Fawn and Princess Elizabeth Troughs. However, the paucity of finely resolved quasi-synoptic hydrographic data in this remote and infrequently sampled area has limited the progress in our knowledge of the regional circulation. Since 2004, a new approach using elephant seals from the Kerguelen Islands as autonomous oceanographic profilers has provided new information on the hydrography over the Kerguelen Plateau, covering the entire Antarctic Zone between the Polar Front and Antarctica, with a mean along-track resolution of about 25 km. These finely resolved bio-logged data revealed details of a strong northeastward current found across the Fawn Trough (sill depth: 2600 m; 56°S, 78°E). This so-called Fawn Trough Current transports cold Antarctic waters found mostly south of the Elan Bank, between the Ice Limit (58°S) and the Antarctic Divergence (64°S) in the eastern Enderby Basin, toward the Australian–Antarctic Basin. Our analysis also demonstrates that the Deep Western Boundary Current, which carries cold Antarctic water along the eastern flank of the southern Kerguelen Plateau collides with Fawn Trough Current at the outlet of the Fawn Trough sill. In other words, the Fawn Trough constitutes a veritable bottleneck, channelling the quasi-totality of the Antarctic Circumpolar flow found south of the Polar Front. Thanks to the unprecedented fine resolution of seal-borne data, a branch of flow centered at the Winter Water isotherm of 1 °C is also revealed along the northern escarpment of the Elan Bank, and then along the southern edge of Heard Island. Further analysis of different supplementary data reveals a complex circulation pattern in the entire Enderby Basin, with several distinctive branches of flow being strongly controlled by prominent topographic features such as the Southwest Indian Ridge, Conrad Rise, Elan Bank, and Kerguelen Plateau. This newly emerged frontal structure refines considerably previous large-scale circulation schematics of the area.     

Patterns in diversity and community structure of epipelagic copepods from the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area, south-western Atlantic

Diversity and structure of epipelagic copepod communities were investigated using 70 zooplankton samples collected from the top 50 m of the Brazil–Malvinas Confluence area between 35° and 55°S. Biogeographic patterns were investigated using multivariate analysis. Biodiversity patterns were examined using different univariate indexes. Representatives of 35 species of copepods from 23 genera and 13 families were found. Two zones were delimited based on their copepod composition, one in the subtropical waters of the Brazil current, and the other in the subantarctic waters of the Malvinas current. Both environments displayed contrasting patterns of biodiversity depending upon which element is measured (regional species richness as well as mean point species richness were significantly higher in the subtropical group of stations, whereas taxonomic distinctness was significantly higher in the subantarctic community). Based on these contrasting results, we suggest the use of both kind of indexes when defining priority areas for conservation.     

Time-series analysis of remote-sensed chlorophyll and environmental factors in the Santa Monica–San Pedro Basin off Southern California

The time-series of remote-sensed surface chlorophyll concentration measured by SeaWiFS radiometer from September 1997 to December 2001 and the relevant hydrological and meteorological factors (remote-sensed sea surface temperature, atmospheric precipitation, air temperature and wind stress) in Santa Monica Bay and adjacent waters off southern California were analyzed using wavelet and cross-correlation statistical methods. All parameters exhibited evident seasonal patterns of variation. Wavelet analysis revealed salient long-term variations most evident in air temperature during El Niño 1997–1998 and in wind stress during La Niña 1998–1999. Short-period (<100 days) variations of remote-sensed chlorophyll biomass were mostly typical to spring seasons. Chlorophyll biomass was significantly correlated with air temperature and wind stress: an increase of chlorophyll biomass followed with 5–6-day time lag an increase of wind stress accompanied by a simultaneous decrease of air temperature. The mechanism of these variations was an intensification of phytoplankton growth resulting from the mixing of water column by wind stress and entrainment of nutrients into the euphotic layer.     

大跨度连续梁0#块钢管支架设计与施工技术

青荣城际铁路跨青威高速公路特大桥(60+100+60)m连续梁工程,由于连续箱梁0#块面积小、体积大、重量达1 270t,桥墩高度近15m,对地基沉降、支架变形控制要求高。现浇支架采用钢筋混凝土临时支墩和钢管支架组合结构,钢管直接支撑在已浇筑的承台上。主要介绍了0#块现浇钢管支架采用MIDAS程序建立模型,进行钢管支架设计及强度、变形和稳定性检算,同时阐述了支架施工情况。实践证明钢管支架具有变形小、承载力大、施工周期短等优点,充分确保了连续梁0#块施工安全质量,节省了成本。     

基于MS-Fortran Powerstation V4.0的有限元分析系统BNAP

介绍新一代Fortran语言编译器 (MS FortranPowerstationV4 0 )的主要特点及其进行有限元分析系统开发的相关步骤 ,最后给出具体的应用示例 .     

寡头垄断模式下集装箱运价影响机制实证分析

梳理影响市场运费走势的要素体系,进而构建基于数据分析为基础的理论框 架,然后选择分析几类核心因素与市场运费之间的关系,来探究寡头垄断模式下影响市 场的主要因素与运价指数的数据本身之间的影响机制.研究发现：单位运力年周转率与集 装箱运费指数（China Container Freight Index,CCFI）之间不存在协整关系,GDP、原油价 格与CCFI 之间并无Granger 关系,而闲置运力是影响CCFI 变化的Granger 原因;同时 CCFI与闲置运力各自都存在严格的自相关与溢出效应.