Quantifying uncertainty in high-resolution coupled hydrodynamic-ecosystem models

Marine ecosystem models are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated, and are being used to estimate the effects of future changes in the earth system with a view to informing important policy decisions. Despite their potential importance, far too little attention has been, and is generally, paid to model errors and the extent to which model outputs actually relate to real-world processes. With the increasing complexity of the models themselves comes an increasing complexity among model results. If we are to develop useful modelling tools for the marine environment we need to be able to understand and quantify the uncertainties inherent in the simulations. Analysing errors within highly multivariate model outputs, and relating them to even more complex and multivariate observational data, are not trivial tasks. Here we describe the application of a series of techniques, including a 2-stage self-organising map (SOM), non-parametric multivariate analysis, and error statistics, to a complex spatio-temporal model run for the period 1988–1989 in the Southern North Sea, coinciding with the North Sea Project which collected a wealth of observational data. We use model output, large spatio-temporally resolved data sets and a combination of methodologies (SOM, MDS, uncertainty metrics) to simplify the problem and to provide tractable information on model performance. The use of a SOM as a clustering tool allows us to simplify the dimensions of the problem while the use of MDS on independent data grouped according to the SOM classification allows us to validate the SOM. The combination of classification and uncertainty metrics allows us to pinpoint the variables and associated processes which require attention in each region. We recommend the use of this combination of techniques for simplifying complex comparisons of model outputs with real data, and analysis of error distributions.     

电子航标服务信息系统(E-ANSI)的研究

信息技术在航标系统的应用,促使航标系统向信息化和网络化方向发展,实现航标信息的实时监控与发布,为航海安全提供可靠保障。根据国际航标协会（IALA）提出的电子航标服务信息系统（E-ANSI）,研究航标遥测遥控技术、基于Internet和船舶自动识别系统（AIS）的助航信息实时发布技术,实现符合国际航道组织（IHO）S-57、S-52标准电子海图的航标信息显示与管理,及AIS信息显示的一体化航标助航信息系统。     

初级传入神经释放P物质与α_2肾上腺素能受体的关系

本研究用大鼠背侧脊髓温育切片,观察了α_2肾上腺素能受体的活性对辣椒素(CAP)诱发P物质(SP)释放的影响。当灌流液中加入CAP(3μmol/L)后,SP释放增加4倍。CAP诱发的SP总释放率为0.45±0.1%,当应用α_2肾上腺素能受体激动剂可乐宁(10μmol/L)时,SP总释放率下降到0.25±0.02%(n=11,P<0.05)。育亨宾(100μmol/L)可拮抗可乐宁的效应。该结果提示,初级传入神经细纤维的中枢端的SP释放,受α_2肾上腺素能受体活性的调制。     

粗颗粒土的强度特征与施工检测方法

对粗颗粒土的施工及检测方法进行了较为详尽的论述，提出卵石（碎石）：圆砾：中粗砂为5：2：3或4：3：3之比例，粗颗粒土的变形基理表现为弹性-塑性-剪切破坏3个阶段。     

西藏墨脱高等级公路工程地质遥感勘察及GIS应用

运用遥感及地理信息技术能有效地从图像光谱特征、空间特征、影像纹理、微地貌、景观等诸多方面,对岩石、构造、地形地貌、地质灾害等进行识别与划分,从遥感影像中提取公路工程地质信息.结合ENVI和ARC/INFO软件进行数据采集和专题制图,利用GIS的空间分析功能,能快速、准确地对公路工程地质条件进行定量分析和综合评价.     

能实现岸电相序手、自动整定电路的研究

根据目前船舶岸电箱的不足之处,提出了一种新型的岸电相序手、自动整定及缺相保护电路。该电路从三相不对称电路的特性开始分析,对信号的采集、处理及控制进行了讨论,设计出具体的手、自动转换控制电路图,并对电路的工作原理作了较详尽的介绍。     

自动船用天线匹配调节器设计关键技术

根据船用自动天线匹配调节器的功能要求,提出了国产化自动天线匹配调节器硬件设计方案。采用了测载波半周期计数值、求4次平均值计算误差累加和、快速的匹配算法、合理设定分频系数和存储容量等方法,解决了提高测频精确性、Π型电容电感匹配网络的自动调整算法、提高自动调整速度、网络参数存储等关键技术。该技术已被运用到国产自动天线匹配调节器产品中,其实际匹配效果、调整时间等性能指标均不低于同类进口机型。     

Analysis process of a steering system using a concept model for idle vibration

This paper describes the development of an optimal design process for a steering column system and supporting system. A design guide is proposed at the initial concept stage of the development process to obtain sufficient stiffness of the steering system while reducing the idle vibration sensitivity of the system. Case studies on resonance isolation are summarized, where vibration modes among the systems are separated by applying a vibration mode map at the initial stage of the design process. This study also provides design guidelines for an optimal dynamic damper system using a CAE (computer aided engineering) analysis. The damper FE (finite element) model is added to the vehicle model to analyze the relation between the frequency and the sensitivity of the steering column system. This analysis methodology makes it possible to achieve target performance in the early design stage and reduction of damper tuning activity after the proto car test stage. Through the proposed steering column system development process, a lightweight vehicle with high stiffness is possible prior to the proto build stage. Furthermore, the improved process is expected to contribute to reducing the overall development period and the number of proto car tests necessary to achieve the desired steering system performance.     

基于GT-Suite的重型载货车冷却系统仿真及匹配设计

基于GT-Suite软件建立了某重型载货车发动机冷却系统的一维-准三维混合仿真模型,通过对发动机极限工况下出水温度、出水流量等计算结果与试验值对比分析,验证了仿真模型的准确性。最后在此模型基础上对发动机冷却系统进行风扇选型匹配,实现了满足整车冷却性能要求的前提下,减小了其消耗功率,从而提高了整车经济性。