剪切波弹性成像与乳腺X线摄影对乳腺肿块诊断价值的比较

目的比较剪切波弹性成像(SWE)与乳腺X线摄影对乳腺良、恶性肿块的鉴别诊断价值。方法对96个乳腺病灶术前行SWE和乳腺X线摄影检查。SWE采用最大弹性模量值(E-max)进行评估。以病理结果为金标准,比较两种技术诊断乳腺病变的效能。结果 E-max诊断乳腺恶性病变的敏感性、特异性、准确性、阳性和阴性预测值分别为91.3%、94.0%、92.7%、93.3%、92.1%;Emax的敏感性和准确性均高于乳腺X线摄影(P均<0.05)。Emax诊断乳腺良、恶性病灶的受试者特征曲线下面积为0.983(95%CI,0.963~0.998)。结论 SWE在诊断乳腺良、恶性病灶时较乳腺X线摄影更有价值。     

MICROARRAY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT GENE EXPRESSION OF HUMAN CERVICAL CANCER SUBCLONE CELL LINES

Objective To examine the differentially expressed invasion-related genes in two anchorage-independent uterine cervical carcinoma cell lines derived from the same patient using a cDNA array. Methods Two human uterine cervical carcinoma subclonal cell lines CS03 and CS07 derived from a single donor line CS1213 were established by limited dilution procedure. The two cDNA samples retro-transcribed from total RNA derived from CS03 and CS07 cells were screened by a cDNA microarray carrying 234 human cell-cycle related genes and 1011 human signal transduction and membrane receptor -associated genes, scanned with a ScanArray 3000 laser scanner. Results The cDNA microarray analysis showed that ]2 genes in CS03 were up-regulated compared to CS07, and 24 genes in CS07 were upregulated. The function of a number of differentially expressed genes was consistently associated with cell-cycle, cell proliferation, migration, apoptusis, signal transduction and tumor metastasis, including p34^cdc2, TSC22, plasminogen activator inhibitor Ⅰ （PAI-1）and desmusome associated protein（Pinin）. Conclusion Multiple genes are differentially expressed in uterine cervical carcinoma cell lines even came from the same patient. It is suggested that these genes are involved in the different phenotypic characteristics and development of cervical carcinoma.     

THE STUDY OF MICROSATELLITES ALTERATION IN DIAGNOSES OF BLADDER CANCER

Objective To investigate the possibility of microsatellite alteration （MA） in diagnosis of bladder cancer of Chinese people, and find the better panel which will be used in clinic. Methods A total of 6 and 10 microsatellite markers were chosen, PCR-SSLP silver staining assay was performed in 31 and 32 bladder cancers tissue, exfoliate cells in urine and 10, 15 non-bladder cancers exfoliate cells in urine, respectively. Results MA （＋） was found in 28 out of 31, 30 out of 32 bladder cancers, and the sensitivity was 90. 3%, 93.7% respectively. The MA of urine sediment of 25 non-bladder cancers was negative, and the specificity was 100%. The cytology was carried out among 19 out of 31, 20 out of 32 bladder cancers at the same time, 2 cases （10.3%） and 3 cases （15%） were found cancer positive, and the sensitivity is significantly lower than that by the analysis of MA in exfoliated cells. Conclusion MA was not associated with grade and stage of the bladder cancer. MA assay is a sensitive and effective method for the early detection of bladder cancer and post-operation surveillance.     

siRNA AGAINST SURVIVIN SUPPRESSES THE PROLIFERATION OF PANCREATIC CANCER CELL PC-2 AND INDUCES ITS APOPTOSIS

Survivinis a member of the inhibitor of apop-tosis family,whichinhibits cell apoptosis and regu-lates cell division.Survivin is expressed in embry-onic tissues as well as in the majority of humancancers,but is not expressed in most nor mal adulttissues.The highly cancer-specific expression ofSurvivin,coupled withits i mportance in inhibitingcell apoptosis and in regulating cell division,makesit a useful diagnostic marker and ideal target forcancer treat ment[1].RNAi is a process of post trans…     

DETERMINATION OF URINE TUMOR NECROSIS FACTOR, IL-6, IL-8 AND SERUM IL-6 IN PATIENTS WITH HEMORRHAGIC FEVERS WITH RENAL SYNDROME

Objective To explore the roles of cytokines in the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome（HFRS）. Methods Double-antibody sandwich ELISA was used to determine serum interleukin （IL）-6, urine tumor necrosis factor （TNF）, IL-6 and IL-8 levels in 56 patients with HFRS. Results Serum IL-6, urine TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 concentrations in HFRS patients were significantly higher than those in control group, respectively （P〈0. 001）. The concentrations increased at fever stage, then continued to increase during hypotension stage and peaked at oliguria stage. The concentrations of serum IL-6, urine TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 increased in accord with the severity of the disease and differed greatly among different types of the disease. Serum IL-6 had remarkable relationships with serum specific antibodies. It was positively related to serum β2 -microglobulin （β2 -MG）, blood ureanitrogen （BUN） and creatinine （Cr）. Significant positive relationships were also found both between urine IL-6 and TNF, and between IL-6 and IL-8 （r=0.5768, P〈0.05; r=0. 3760, P〈0.01）. Conclusion TNF, IL-6 and IL-8 activated during the course of the disease. IL-6 is associated with the immunopathological lesions caused by the hyperfunction of humoral immune response. IL-6, IL-8 and TNF are involved in the renal immune impairment. Determining them might, in certain extent, be used in predicting the prognosis and outcome of patients with HFRS.     

进展期肿瘤主动特异性免疫治疗的临床研究

目的探讨自体肿瘤疫苗的作用机制。方法50例进展期肿瘤患者术后第4周开始以自体肿瘤细胞疫苗行主动特异性免疫治疗。免疫接种共4次,每次间隔7-10 d;接种前3 d及第4次接种后1周,采集外周血,分离单个核细胞,以流式细胞分析术/细胞内细胞因子检测法测定CD8+-IFN-γ+、CD8+-IL-10+细胞及CD4+-INF-γ+、CD4+-IL-10+细胞;用自体肿瘤抗原做皮肤迟发型过敏试验(DTH),48 h后测量红斑、硬结大小(mm)。对DTH反应部位皮肤活检,用免疫组化染色了解局部细胞免疫反应。结果自体肿瘤细胞疫苗治疗后表现为:①CD8+-IFN-γ+阳性细胞由(3.90±1.42)%升至(7.12±2.15)%;CD4+-INF-γ+阳性细胞由(4.19±1.50)%升至(7.20±2.29)%(P<0.05);②与治疗前相比,治疗后患者对自体肿瘤抗原的特异性DTH反应明显增强(P<0.01);③DTH反应部位CD8+T细胞、CD4+T细胞浸润明显增多;④患者耐受性良好。结论自体肿瘤细胞疫苗免疫后,可改善肿瘤患者细胞介导的抗瘤免疫反应;自体肿瘤疫苗可激发患者特异性细胞介导的免疫反应。     

影像学检查对恶性梗阻性黄疸的诊断价值

我院1985～1993年间收治的恶性梗阻性黄疸171例,所有病例均经B型超声（B-us）、内窥镜下逆行胰胆管造影（ERCP）、经皮肝穿刺胆管造形（PTC）及电子计算机断层扫描（CT）等影像学检查,并经手术证实。通过分析比较,详细地讨论了各种影像学检查的优缺点及特点。指出:入院前即完成肝功、B-us检查。对肝内胆管扩张者,采用PTC检查,对不扩张者采用ERCP检查,若ERCP失败,也可改用PTC方法,对于低张十二指肠造影不做为常规的检查方法。