送粉激光熔覆Co、Ni基WC熔覆层的高温性能

研究了Ni基自熔合金 WC、Co基自熔合金、Co基自熔合金 WC为熔覆材料的激光熔覆层在不同温度下的显微组织和硬度，结果表明3种熔覆材料在相同激光熔覆工艺条件下获得的熔覆层的高温显微组织、高温显微硬度有很大的差异。Ni基自熔合金 WC熔覆层的显微硬度随温度升高有所降低，在800℃左右显微组织发生了较显著的变化；而Co基自熔合金和Co基自熔合金 WC熔覆层的显微硬度大约在700℃以后有所降低，其显微组织在800℃左右开始发生变化。同时证明，熔覆层中的大块的WC在900℃之前的加热过程中硬度没有明显降低。     

汽车用热轧高强钢板的发展

介绍了最近开发的高强热轧钢板的强化机制，显微组织的性能方面的特点，并阐述了我国热轧高强钢板的生产及应用情况。     

实时超声在神经外科手术中的应用

目的应用B超实时对神经外科开颅手术中病变进行超声扫描,探讨其成像特征和应用价值。方法常规开颅后在硬膜外和硬膜下应用B超,结合术前资料,进行病灶的实时定位,帮助选择皮层切口和手术路径,并用B超判定病灶切除程度。结果42例中,全部病变定位准确,准确率达100%,34例病变全部切除,6例次全切,2例死亡。结论术中B超能实时显示病变的部位和轮廓,有助于病变的术中定位和定性,减少手术副损伤。     

脊髓纵裂神经缺陷机制探讨

对２９例脊髓纵裂的神经功能状态进行临床评价及胫后神经皮层体感诱发电位（ｐｏｓｔｅｒｉｏｒｔｉｂｉａｌｎｅｒｖｅｃｏｒｔｉｃａｌｓｏｍａｔｏｓｅｎｓｏｒｙｅｖｏｋｅｄｐｏｔｅｎｔｉａｌ，ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ）检查。结果：患病组２９例两下肢间神经缺陷的临床评分及ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ有显著差异（Ｐ＜０．０５），患病组５８根ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ明显异常；手术组２０例术后神经缺陷的临床评分及ＰＴＮＣＳＥＰ异常明显改善（Ｐ＜０．０５），非手术组９例随访后则无改善（Ｐ＞０．０５）。结果提示神经缺陷的机理是脊髓纵裂间隔对脊髓的牵拉和纵裂脊髓单侧发育异常。     

经Quadrant通道椎管内肿瘤切除与传统半椎板椎管内肿瘤切除术的对比研究

目的对比分析经Quadrant通道显微镜下椎管内肿瘤切除与传统显微手术椎管内肿瘤切除的手术相关指标和疗效。方法回顾自2013年7月至2015年7月本院33例病变长度小于5cm的椎管内肿瘤患者,其中16例接受经Quadrant通道显微镜下椎管内肿瘤切除,另外17例接受传统半椎板椎管内肿瘤切除。比较两组患者相关指标,包括手术切口长度、手术时间、术中出血量、术后首次下地活动时间、术后住院时间、术后1周视觉疼痛模拟(VAS)评分、JOA评分治疗改善率等。结果与传统手术相比,Quadrant通道手术组患者在手术切口长度、术中出血量、术后首次下地活动时间、术后住院时间、术后1周视觉疼痛模拟(VAS)评分等方面均优于传统组(P<0.05)。结论经Quadrant通道显微镜下椎管内肿瘤切除术具有创伤小、出血少、恢复快、疗效肯定的优点,是一种安全有效的治疗椎管内较小肿瘤的方法。     

争享失业前的“最后福利”

索菲是巴黎一家银行的金融分析师。当她得知银行将在今年夏天之前裁减50名员工的消息时,她的反应既不是去邮寄简历,也不是去跟她的上司套近乎,而是计划动一次膝关节镜手术。27岁的素菲对本刊记者说：“我选择现在动这个手术是因为如果我失业了,就不能动这个手术了。”     

Therapeutic efficiency of short anterior urethral stricture treated with endourethral surgery combined with iridium 192 radiotherapy

Objective To assess the therapeutic efficiency of short anterior urethral stricture treated with endourethral surgery combined with iridium 192 radiation therapy in order to decrease the recurrence rate after endourethral surgery. Methods A total of 286 patients with anterior urethral stricture (stricture length ranging from 0.5 to 2.5cm, averaging at 1.6cm) were divided randomly into two groups after internal urethrotomy and cicatrix electrotomy. The radiation group of 173 patients was treated as soon as possible with iridium 192 radiation therapy on the stricture sections while the control group of 113 patients was not. The recurrence rate was compared between the two groups during one year's follow-up. Results Among all the 286 successful operations, stricture recurred in 19 patients of the radiation group (recurrence rate of 10.98%) and in 62 ones of the control group (recurrence rate of 54.86%), with a significant difference (P=0.003). Conclusion It is an effective way to prevent recurrence by treating patients as early as possible with iridium 192 radiation on the stricture sections after endourethral operation on anterior urethral stricture.     

Diagnosis and excision of breast multi-focal lesions by ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy: a comparative evaluation

Objective To compare and evaluate the efficacy of diagnosis and excision for appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and solitary lesion by ultrasound-guided vacuum-assisted biopsy (UGVAB). Methods Among 392 appropriately selected patients, 187 patients with multi-focal lesions and 205 patients with solitary lesion were treated by the 8-gauge UGVAB from May 2007 to June 2009. All lesions were removed as completely as possible. The patients with benign pathology underwent physical and ultrasound examinations at one week and 6 months after procedure. Results During the procedure, only three patients had vasovagal syncope and twenty others complained of other intraoperative discomfort. An accurate pathological diagnosis was obtained in all lesions. There was no apparent false-negative result among the 696 lesions with benign pathology at a follow-up of 6 months after procedure. The rates of malignant or premalignant pathology, postoperative complications and residual lesions in patients with multi-focal lesions were higher than those in patients with solitary lesion. If each lesion was considered as a subject of study, there was no significant difference between the two groups. Conclusion UGVAB is an effective method for diagnosis and excision of appropriately selected breast multi-focal lesions and can be used routinely.     

闭孔泡沫铝与铝及铝合金覆板的冶金结合

利用直接冶金结合方法,研究了铝及铝合金覆板的厚度及复合温度与时间对闭孔泡沫铝夹心三明治与覆板结合层厚度的影响.利用金相显微镜观察了泡沫铝夹心与覆板结合界面的微观组织,并测量了结合界面的扩散层厚度和显微硬度.研究结果表明,铝熔体与纯铝和铝合金覆板复合温度越高,复合时间越长,他们之间的扩散层厚度越大;当纯铝板的预热温度为400~450℃,复合速度为53.9~74.4 mm/min时,泡沫铝夹芯与纯铝板形成良好冶金结合,复合界面的互扩散层厚度为39~44μm;当铝合金覆板的预热温度为240℃,复合速度为58.3 mm/min时,制备铝合金覆板泡沫铝三明治所需的铝合金板最小厚度应为7.9 mm.     

基于网络的显微手术视频网络系统

通过安装在手术显微镜上的CCD将采集的手术视频信号送至与网络(LAN/Internet)连接的计算机,采用VC++面向对象的程序设计技术,实现显微手术视频的显示、压缩、存储、图像处理、剪辑,以及手术方案、数据库管理、报表生成与打印,并实现视、音频信号的网络实时传输及语音、文字交流等功能,可用于手术视频的记录、管理,以及远程专家会诊、示教、学术交流等.