新型城市轨道交通车辆切削式防爬器研究

[目的]当前,切削式防爬器存在切削初始峰值力过高问题,会出现刀具脱落或断裂,造成防爬器失效的情况。而且,既有双切削式防爬器极易出现内部切屑在管内堆积的情况。因此需对新型城市轨道交通车辆切削式防爬器进行研究。[方法]先建立切削式防爬器的有限元模型,通过将切削式防爬器的切削力、碰撞吸能仿真结果同相关文献的试验结果对比,验证有限元模型模拟方法的准确性。介绍蜂窝切削复合式防爬器和改进的内外双切削式防爬器的工作原理,并通过有限元模型的模拟计算,分析两种新型切削式防爬器的切削性能。[结果及结论]在切削式防爬器出现初始峰值力的位置设置诱导槽,可以有效地降低该峰值力;诱导槽的深度不小于切削深度效果更佳;诱导槽的宽度过大,会导致二次峰值力的增加,且刀具通过该诱导槽之后切削力会出现较大波动。与传统的抽屉式蜂窝防爬器相比,蜂窝切削复合式防爬器不仅吸能能力极为优秀,还能更换部件,具有可重复利用的特性。新型内外双切削式防爬器能将切屑从管内顺利排出,从而避免了切屑堆积。对比单切削式的防爬器,新型内外双切削式防爬器的吸能性能更优。     

Fabrication and Interfacial Structure of Ni-YSZ-LSM Porous Scaffold for Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

A novel process route using tape casting and stacking for fabricating porous scaffold of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFC) was demonstrated. The linear shrinkages of anode (Ni-YSZ, YSZ stands for 3% Y_2O_3(mole fraction) stabilized ZrO_2) and cathode (LSM-YSZ, LSM stands for La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)Mn0_3) were optimized to be uniform with that of electrolyte during sintering, by controlling the content of pore former. The micromorphology and interface microstructure of the cross-section of the porous scaffold were observed by optical microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. The element distribution and phase composition were analyzed by energy dispersive spectrometer and X-ray diffraction, respectively. The results showed that the porous scaffold with regular pore shape and high specific surface area was obtained after sintering at 1 350℃. The fabricated porous scaffold had defect free interfacial structures due to the uniform shrinkage of anode, cathode and electrolyte layers. In addition, it was shown that diffusions of Zr, Ni and La caused a progressive boundary between YSZ, Ni-YSZ and LSM-YSZ layers. The interface between anode and electrolyte (Ni-YSZ/YSZ) was mainly composed of Ni, YSZ and a small amount of NiO, and the interface between cathode and electrolyte (LSM-YSZ/YSZ) was mainly composed of YSZ, LSM and a small amount of La_2Zr_2O_7.     

变频器供电的船舶推进系统制动过程研究

变频器供电的船舶推进系统在其制动过程中,由于受螺旋桨工作特性的影响,推进电机会向变频调速装置馈能,进而易引起调速装置因过电压而烧毁.在分析了螺旋桨水动力特性和推进电机机械特性的基础上,研究了船舶制动过程中回馈能量的机理,计算了推进系统制动过程向调速装置回馈的能量,设计了消耗回馈能量的斩波制动电路,并对1MW,12相同步推进系统的制动过程进行了仿真和实验分析.理论分析结果得到了实验验证.     

高速公路机电工程相关界面的合理划分

加强机电工程的设计及管理不仅能保证工程质量,而且能够降低工程造价,提高施工效率。合理划分高速公路机电工程相关界面,能有效确保和提高高速公路机电设施在公路运营和管理中的作用与地位。     

Cost-benefit of interface management improvement in design-manufacturing chain

Design-manufacturing chain (D-MC) is the most important link of the supply chain with the greatest possibility in cost reduction. How to strengthen the effective management of interfacial relationship between designer and manufacturer and increase the efficency of interface management concerns the efficiency of the whole supply chain. In order to evaluate and improve the impacts of D-MC interfacial relationship, first we should construct the evaluation index system and then we should analyze the total cost and benefit of the interfacial relationship betterment, including the cost of member units in D-MC, the opportunity cost of cooperation partners, and the market returns resulted from the interfacial relationship improvement, which will advance the whole supply chain efficiency as well as enhance the management performance of D-MC. Foundation item: the Chinese Public Service Platform for Science and Technology Management (No. 06DZ22924) and the Economic Globalization and Innovation (No. 08692106700)     

长三角能源消费的能源流分析

本文利用能源平衡表,对长三角能源使用过程的不同能源流阶段进行分解,提取能源流各阶段的能源消费总量、比较、结构、动态和强度指标,通过数据分析,反映地区能源的结构特征、地区差异及其变化过程和发展趋势,揭示长三角特有的能源与资源、经济间的联系.     

筋土界面摩擦特性影响因素分析

以整体式单向聚乙烯土工格栅与钢塑复合加筋带为加筋材料,以含细粒土砂为填料,设计了高速公路拓宽工程加筋边坡。通过室内拉拔试验对填料在不同含水量和不同压实度条件下与土工格栅之间的摩擦特性进行分析,并对比了原样土工格栅、去除横肋的土工格栅和土工加筋带三者之间的界面摩擦特性。分析结果表明:在填料含水量高于填料的最佳含水量时,筋土界面强度随着含水量增加而降低,且变化明显,随着填料压实度的提高而不断增强,加筋效果也明显增强;土工格栅的横肋对筋土界面特性影响非常明显,贡献率高达50%以上。     

泡沫沥青冷再生的配合比设计及试验性能分析

从泡沫沥青冷再生旧路材料的筛分及配合比设计出发,通过室内试验数据分析及试验路的现场测试,采用泡沫沥青冷再生基层的路面结构能够满足道路的各种使用性能,且效果良好.     

基于加铺层疲劳性能的聚酯玻纤布合理铺设宽度研究

聚酯玻纤布的铺设宽度对沥青加铺层的疲劳性能和工程经济性有重要影响。以沥青加铺层疲劳性能为控制指标,提出了满足加铺层疲劳性能要求的聚酯玻纤布合理铺设宽度设计方法;结合重庆成渝高速公路沥青加铺改造工程,进行聚酯玻纤布铺设宽度设计,确定了聚酯玻纤布的合理铺设宽度。     

铁道车辆用铝合金吸能结构的准静态压缩试验及其数值分析

介绍了日本铁道车辆用铝合金吸能结构的准静态压缩试验和数值分析结果,为研发类似产品提供了指导方向。