基于波噪比的高速铁路钢轨波磨快速检测方法

为实现高速铁路钢轨波磨里程覆盖式、高频次、快速测量,提出基于波噪比的钢轨波磨快速检测方法。采用便携式添乘仪检测高速列车车体振动和车内噪声数据,提出基于车体纵向加速度进行数值积分来计算列车速度和里程,采用曲线地段车体摇头角速度里程与台账里程的偏差值修正速度积分误差。利用提取的里程修正后车厢噪声数据与钢轨波磨对应的400～700 Hz频带成分,计算频带能量占噪声总能量的比值,并获取波噪比超限时的钢轨波磨波长和里程。结合高速列车实测数据分析,研究结果表明：速度修正后列车定位里程最大误差为87 m,对波磨比大于0.3的线路区段进行钢轨波磨波形测量和轴箱加速度振动能量比分析,钢轨波磨波长范围为53～57 mm,实测波长为53 mm,验证了该方法的正确性,为高速铁路钢轨波磨的快速测量提供技术支撑。     

金融危机对我国港口吞吐量影响分析与展望

<正>世界金融危机的阴影即将散去,经济复苏的苗头日渐显现,世界开始新一轮上升。一年来,世界经济、贸易形势发生了巨大变化,受此影响,我国经济、贸易发展速度和运输需求均呈现"先抑后     

钻孔桩施工泥浆质量与钻进速度关系的案例分析

钻孔桩的钻进速度除了与岩土的软硬度和砾(卵)石的粒径有关外,还与泥浆的质量有很大关系。若施工人员不重视这种关系就会耽误施工工期和增加费用。本文将从实际案例出发,剖析泥浆质量与钻进速度关系的内在因素。     

机械设备振动源特性研究

舰船定量声学设计迫切要求对设备振动源特性进行研究,其关键在于源参数选择以及测量上.文章首先分析了源与接收体接触处的力学模型,推导其中的动力方程,提取源描述参数,并对弹性安装测量自由速度的条件进行试验分析,最后利用源参数建立不同安装条件下设备激励特性的转换关系,并对预测值和试验值进行对比分析.     

中速三体船型PCC的可行性研究(英文)

In the present paper, a new trimaran Pure Car Carrier (PCC) is proposed and a feasibility study on the ship is carried out. In this study, first, the effective horse power (EHP)/car of the PCC running in still water is predicted. By comparing the predicted EHP/car with that of a conventional mono-hull PCC, it is found that the trimaran PCC is superior to the conventional mono-hull PCC at rather higher speed. As ship speed increases, the reduction of the resistance of the trimaran is bigger. It is also found that at common service speed of PCCs, the EHP/car of a small PCC is lower than that of a conventional PCC. Secondly, the optimal L/B of a main-hull of the trimaran PCC in still water is determined. The optimal L/B of the main-hull varies with ship speed and size because the wave resistance decreases but the frictional resistance increases as L/B of the hull increases. As ship size increases, the optimal L/B of the main-hull of the trimaran PCC decreases.     

强风下有帆商船航行性能的研究(英文)

Ships which have large structures above water surface, such as pure car carriers (PCCs) and container vessels, have large speed reduction by wind pressure. In the present study, the running speed of a large PCC with two or more sails for using wind power is simulated. The simulated results demonstrate that the ship can keep a constant service speed even in winds of 20m/s except head and bow winds. This sail system can shorten annual average navigation time by about 4 hours per voyage.     

Green-Naghdi理论的全非线性浅水波数值模拟(英文)

Green-Naghdi (G-N) theory is a fully nonlinear theory for water waves. Some researchers call it a fully nonlinear Boussinesq model. Different degrees of complexity of G-N theory are distinguished by “levels” where the higher the level, the more complicated and presumably more accurate the theory is. In the research presented here a comparison was made between two different levels of G-N theory, specifically level II and level III G-N restricted theories. A linear analytical solution for level III G-N restricted theory was given. Waves on a planar beach and shoaling waves were both simulated with these two G-N theories. It was shown for the first time that level III G-N restricted theory can also be used to predict fluid velocity in shallow water. A level III G-N restricted theory is recommended instead of a level II G-N restricted theory when simulating fully nonlinear shallow water waves.     

水下航行体模型尾部壁面脉动压力与近壁湍动速度同步测试

为了研究水下航行体尾部厚边界层湍流非定常特征,利用轴对称的光体模型及2个尺度不同的大附体模型,在低速风洞中进行模型尾部壁面脉动压力与近壁湍动速度同步测试,并采取相关计算、小波分析等方法作数据处理分析.结果表明:航行体尾壁面脉动压力信号主频成分相对较少,且频率较为固定,反映航行体尾厚边界层流动大尺度相干结构影响;而近壁湍动速度信号反映多种不同尺度的涡作用,且低频信号占据主要的频率成分,同时,随着离壁面距离的增加,湍动速度与壁面脉动压力最大相关系数减小.测试同时考察了不同大附体方案和雷诺数变化对航行体尾湍流特性的影响.     

计算船撞力选择撞击速度时考虑墩位流速的方法

进行桥墩防撞设计时,船舶撞击速度是计算船撞力的重要参数之一,它直接影响到船撞力的大小和桥梁的设防标准。本文在分析各国船舶撞击桥墩的速度选取方法的基础上,研究了实际发生船撞时的速度和船舶偏航时船撞速度沿横向的变化趋势,指出了目前世界各国使用的5种方法存在的不足,提出了考虑船撞速度沿桥轴线方向的分布及船舶意外失速等因素综合影响下的撞击速度的计算方法。通过在安庆长江铁路大桥船撞研究中的应用实例,说明按照各桥墩所在位置选取的不同撞击速度计算船撞力的方法较为合理,可作为防船撞研究和设计的参考。     

轨道式集装箱门式起重机速度分析

影响轨道式集装箱门式起重机工作效率的主要因素是额定起重量和每小时的循环工作次数。额定起重量已由堆场的客观因素确定,而每小时的工作循环次数主要与起升速度和小车运行速度的大小有关。起升速度和小车运行速度还影响机构的功率,进而影响起重机的制造和使用成本。