微风化花岗岩隧道围岩损伤破裂特征及爆破工艺研究

为解决微风化花岗岩的钻爆开挖问题,以漳武线新村隧道为研究对象,运用室内试验的方法,测试了爆破前后微风化花岗岩试样的超声波速度变化,分析了爆炸作用下围岩损伤破裂特征,并在此基础上进行了爆破工艺研究。结果表明：爆破产生的大量能量释放,使得岩体内部产生了损伤、裂纹和破碎,爆破后试样的超声波纵波初至时间明显增加,声波速度明显下降,初至后波幅振动频率明显增加;损伤因子曲线随着中心距离的增加呈“S”型单调递减函数变化,按照损伤因子的衰减速度,损伤区域可以划分为爆炸粉碎和破裂区、爆炸损伤扰动区、爆炸微扰动区;采用周边孔长短炮孔组合的爆破方式可以有效降低爆破冲击对围岩的损伤,其损伤范围约为超炮孔工况的0.5倍,有效保持了围岩完整性和整体性。     

经济探底回升确立,卡车后市看高一线——2009年上半年卡车市场深度分析及后市展望

2009年上半年,在中国经济逐步回暖和<汽车产业调整和振兴规划>细则正式出台等因素的刺激带动下,汽车行业产销无论是环比还是同比均出现了较大增长.     

多跨系杆拱桥吊杆疲劳性能研究

以某三跨系杆拱桥为例,提出了一种拱桥吊杆的疲劳分析方法.对桥梁结构建立有限元模型求得各吊杆的索力影响线.依据交通量调查和交通量各参数的统计资料,将车辆概括为几种典型车型并计算其各参数的概率密度函数.基于蒙特卡罗方法模拟产生了通过桥梁的双向多车道车流作为疲劳荷载.针对典型吊杆的影响线加载模拟车流,得到杆件应力历程,用雨流法统计应力历程可以得到应力幅值谱.按照线性累积损伤理论和总交通量预测结果,计算得到各吊杆的在指定时间的累计损伤.     

水泥稳定碎石混合料静压法与振动法成型工艺的比较研究

我国公路部门室内常用的确定水泥稳定碎石最佳含水量及最大干密度的方法是重型击实法,相应测定其技术指标的试件成型方式是静压法。重型击实方法是在室内通过施加;中击荷载对被压材料进行压实,静压法成型试件的方法与静力压路机滚压机理相同。随着重型振动碾压工艺在道路基层施工中的广泛应用．室内重型击实、静压法成型试件试验方法是否能真正模拟现场的施工压实工艺,     

土石混合料路用性能研究

通过大量室内试验,研究了不同料源的土石混合料不同含石量与重型击实试验的最大干密度及最佳含水量之间的关系,及不同压实度下两种土石混合料的CBR的性能。试验结果表明,骨架——密实结构的碎石土表现出良好的路用性能,即当5~38 mm含量达到70%时,土石混合料的最大干密度、CBR值均达到最大值,此配比的土石混合料是修筑路基的优选材料。     

白藜芦醇对急性胰腺炎治疗作用的研究现状与展望

关于急性胰腺炎(acute pancreatitis, AP)发病机制的研究,一直是国内外学者探讨的热点.对于AP发病的机制,目前主要有胰酶自身消化学说、微循环障碍学说、炎症因子与细胞介质学说、细胞内钙超载学说、肠道细菌易位与"二次打击"学说、氧化应激与NO作用学说等.白藜芦醇因具有抗炎、抗氧化、抑制血小板凝集、改善微循环等药理作用而受到临床工作者的广泛关注,是一种具有良好应用前景的天然药物.近年来,本课题就白藜芦醇对重症急性胰腺炎的治疗作用进行了大量深入的研究并做了系统的文献分析,认为白藜芦醇可以从多个环节发挥作用,从而起到缓解AP造成的胰腺损害及由此引发的多器官功能损伤.     

糖皮质激素预处理对兔心肌缺血再灌注损伤的保护作用

目的 探讨糖皮质激素对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤的保护作用.方法 将18只家兔应用冠状动脉左前降支结扎术造成心肌缺血模型,随机分成3组:心肌缺血再灌注损伤模型组(模型组)、糖皮质激素一次大剂量保护组(大剂量组)以及糖皮质激素多次小剂量保护组(小剂量组),每组6只.应用BL-420生物信号采集系统观察记录心电图ST段改变,分别在缺血前、缺血15 min以及再灌注30 min取血测定血浆丙二醛(MDA)浓度;缺血区心肌标本制作冰冻切片,行组织化学染色,观察缺血区琥珀酸脱氢酶活性变化.结果 糖皮质激素的大、小剂量保护组再灌注过程中ST段恢复的时间较短,快于模型组;大剂量组血清MDA水平低于小剂量组(P<0.05),且两组均低于模型组(P<0.01);大剂量组缺血心肌琥珀酸脱氢酶活性高于小剂量组,且两组均明显高于模型组.结论 糖皮质激素对心肌缺血-再灌注损伤可以起到有效的保护作用,一次大剂量的治疗保护效果要好于多次小剂量.     

Protective effect of glutamine pretreatment on ischemia-reperfusion injury of spinal cord in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effect of glutamine (Gln) on the content of reduced glutathione hormone (GSH) and aminoglutaminic acid (Glu) of spinal cord following ischemia-reperfusion injury. Methods Totally 40 healthy adult male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups: sham-operation group (S group), ischemia-reperfusion injury group (I/R group), low-dose glutamine group (L Gln group), median-dose glutamine group (M Gln group) and high-dose glutamine group (H Gln group). After glutamine preconditioning, the model of spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury was established according to Zivin's method. The general status of animals was observed and the changes of Jacobs scoring were recorded in each group. Malondialdehydes (MDA), GSH, Glu and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in lumbar spinal cord tissues were determined using chemical colorimetry. The neuron number and deviation rate in spinal cord anterior horn were observed histopathologically. Results There was no significant difference between L Gin group and I/R group in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA and Glu, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord (P>0.05); however, there was a significant difference in GSH content of spinal cord (P<0.05). M Gln group and I/R group differed significantly (P<0.05) in behavior scoring, SOD activity, content of MDA, Glu, GSH, neuron number and deviation rate of spinal cord. Between H Gln group and M Gln group, there was no significant difference in behavior scoring, content of MDA and Glu, SOD activity, neuron number and aberration rate in spinal cord (P>0.05), whereas there was a significant difference in SOD activity and Giu content (P<0.05). Conclusion Pretreatment with medium-dose glutamine has a protective effect on spinal cord ischemia-reporfasion injury in rabbits, which may be related to the maintenance of GSH content, increase of SOD activity and reduction of MDA.     

Effect of ulinastatin on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats

Objective To investigate the effect of ulinastatin (UTI) on hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats. Methods Totally 24 adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham-operated control group (SO group), ischemia-reperfusion group (I/R group) and ulinastatin group (UTI group). Liver in I/R group underwent 1 h of reperfasion after 30 min of ischemia. In UTI group, UTI (2×104 U/kg) was administered to rats 30 min before modeling. The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in serum were measured and the levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in liver were determined. The histological changes of liver were observed. Results The levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and TNF-α in serum were significantly increased in I/R group compared with those in UTI group (P<0.05). The levels of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde in liver were significantly higher in I/R group than in UTI group (P<0.05).Histological examination of liver indicated that the damages were more severe in I/R group than in UTI group.Conclusion UTI has the ability to inhibit the production of TNF-α and oxyradical, and ameliorate microcirculatory dysfunction in rats with hepatic ischemia-reperfasion injury.     

综合识别指标在桥梁结构损伤识别中的应用

提出一种应用振动模态频率变化值和静力位移变化值之比而建立的综合识别指标对桥梁损伤进行分析与评定.试验结果表明,应用该方法能够对损伤的位置和程度进行准确的定位和评估.既安全又方便,可为现在的桥梁检测提供参考.