我校中老年教职工血糖及脂代谢紊乱的分析

据ＷＨＯ１９９７年报告，全世界已诊断的糖尿病（diabetes mellitus,DM)约1.35亿，其中９０％以上为２型ＤＭ，约1.08亿，预测到２０１０年将达2.16亿，特别是在中国和印度等发展中国家，２型ＤＭ患病率上升速度超过了工业发达国家。本文通过健康体给，对血糖和脂代谢紊乱等情况进行分析，为早期发现和诊断糖尿病提供一定的参考价值。     

Significance of intensive glycemic control on early diabetic nephropathy patients with microalbuminuria

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of intensive glycemic control on patients with early diabetic nephropathy. Methods A total of 41 type 2 diabetes patients who developed microalbuminuria were divided into two groups randomly. Patients in Group A received intensive glycemic control and the blood glucose in Group B was regularly controlled. Glycemic monitoring and control were followed for 12 weeks to observe the changes of microalbuminuria in both groups; meanwhile the levels of serum lipids and coagulation indices were also recorded. Results The urine albumin excretion rate (UAER) in Group A decreased significantly from (47.91±13.86)mg/24h to (35.31±14.56)mg/24h after 12 weeks (P<0.05), and this decrease was significantly greater than that in Group B. However, Group B had no significant difference in UAER decrease [(48.93±13.32)mg/24h to (40.48±19.62)mg/24h, P>0.05]. The decrease of triglyceride (TG) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL cholesterol), and the increase of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL cholesterol) showed no significant differences (P>0.05). And the level of plasma fibrinogen (FIB) showed no significant decrease after 12 weeks, either (P>0.05). Conclusion Intensive glycemic control reduces the level of microalbuminuria and may ameliorate the progression of early diabetic nephropathy.     

ATP结合体转运子基因单核苷酸多态性与脑梗死的相关性

目的探讨高密度脂蛋白代谢相关基因ATP结合体转运子(ABCA1)单核苷酸多态性与脑梗死发病的关系。方法调查经CT确诊的脑梗死患者96例,男76例,女20例,平均年龄(59±10)岁;健康对照组90例,男48例,女42例,平均年龄(55±11)岁。提取外周血白细胞全基因组DNA。以聚合酶链式反应(PCR)、限制性片段长度多态性(RFLP)结合测序的方法检测ABCA1 596G→A单核苷酸多态性(SNP)。结果脑梗死及对照组ABCA1-A与G等位基因频率分别为66.1%、33.9%及51.7%和48.3%,两组间等位基因频率分布存在显著性差异(2χ=8.99,P<0.05)。AA基因型与脑梗死发病率增高有关(RR=2.68,95%CI1.5-3.6,P<0.05)。血脂分析提示等位基因A携带者血浆HDL胆固醇水平明显低于等位基因G携带者(1.1±0.3vs.1.3±0.4,P=0.009),而甘油三酯明显升高(2.1±1.2vs.1.8±1.2,P=0.027)。结论ABCA1基因596G→A变异明显会增加脑梗死发病的危险性,其致病机制可能与G→A变异导致HDL降低及TG升高有关。     

急性冠脉综合征肥胖及非肥胖患者血清LDL-C/HDL-C比值与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性

目的探讨急性冠脉综合征(ACS)肥胖及非肥胖患者血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)比值与冠状动脉病变严重程度的相关性。方法收集ACS患者394例,以BMI≥28.0kg/m2,或WHR男性>0.9,女性>0.85为肥胖标准,分为ACS肥胖组(n=78)和ACS非肥胖组(n=316),体检健康者作为对照组(n=101)。根据1984年美国心脏病协会规定的冠脉血管图像分段评价标准和Gensini积分系统对每支血管狭窄程度进行定量分析。比较ACS肥胖组和非肥胖组肥胖指标、血脂指标及Gensini积分水平变化,相关性分析肥胖组Gensini积分与各指标的相关性。结果 ACS肥胖患者LDL-C/HDL-C比值与Gensini积分正相关,ACS肥胖患者Gensini积分、TC、ApoB浓度在LDL-C/HDL-C高值亚组显著高于低值亚组(P<0.01),ApoA1在LDL-C/HDL-C高值亚组显著低于低值亚组(P<0.05)。Gensini积分在LDL-C/HDL-C低值亚组与高值亚组间比较有显著性差异(t=-3.511,P<0.05),而Gensini积分水平与LDL-C水平无明显相关性(t=-0.706,P>0.05)。结论 ACS肥胖患者血清LDL-C/HDL-C比值与冠脉病变程度密切相关,LDL-C/HDL-C比值较单纯LDL-C浓度能更好地反映冠脉病变的严重程度。