低碳背景下的多式联运路径规划

低碳运输一直是世界各国关注的焦点,多式联运作为一种主要的运输组织形式,国内外的文献中却少有关于多式联运碳排放研究的文章.本文提出了运输总成本最小和运输碳排放总量最小的多目标0-1规划模型,构建运输总成本时不仅考虑了运输弧段上的运输成本、运输节点的换装成本、铁路车站及水运码头的存储成本还考虑了运输弧段与代理商的匹配关系.运输碳排放量则由运输过程碳排放和换装过程的碳排放构成.采用改进的带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法(NSGA-II)对模型进行求解,算法能有效保存优秀个体和降低计算的复杂度.最后通过算例验证了模型和算法有效性.     

WnSi^0,±（n=1～5）团簇结构和稳定性的密度泛函理论研究

用密度泛函理论（Density Functional Theory,DFT）中的B3LYP／lanl2dz方法,优化并得到了WnSi^0,±（n=1～5）团簇的各种稳定构型,并对基态构型的能量进行了系统的理论分析．结果表明：WnSi^0,±团簇基态结构与Wn＋1团簇的生长模式相似,除W3Si＋团簇与W5Si^-团簇外,阳离子与阴离子团簇的稳定结构基本上保持了对应中性团簇的稳定结构;WSi团簇相对于其他团簇更易得到电子变成负离子,W5Si团簇较易失去电子变成阳离子;W3Si团簇具有较弱的化学活性,W5Si-团簇具有较强的化学活性．     

0号块波形钢腹板安装工艺流程控制

波形钢腹板组合桥梁相比于传统桥梁具有自重轻、防止腹板开裂、力学性能好等许多优点,得到越来越多青睐,然而,国内波形钢腹板的安装工法还不够完善。现提出一种新型波形钢腹板安装工艺,对国内波形钢腹板组合箱梁悬浇施工0号块波形板安装控制方法进行论述。其中,对安装过程中的关键控制点及其方法做了详细细说明和分析,能极大地改善工法和提高施工效率。     

Design and model test of a soft-connected lattice-structured floating solar photovoltaic concept for harsh offshore conditions

Various types of floating solar photovoltaic (FPV) devices have been previously proposed, designed and constructed with applications primarily limited to onshore water bodies or near-shore regions with benign environmental conditions. This paper proposes a novel FPV concept which can survive harsh environmental conditions with extreme wave heights above 10 m. This concept uses standardised lightweight semi-submersible floats made of circular materials as individual modules. The floating modules are soft connected with ropes to form an FPV array. We first present the conceptual design of the floats and the connection systems, including hydrostatic, hydrodynamic, and structural assessments of the floats. To verify the motion response performance, we carried out 1:60 scaled model tests for a 2 by 3 array under regular and irregular wave conditions. From the time series and response spectra, the motion characteristics of the array and the mooring responses are analysed in detail. The proposed concept exhibits excellent performances in terms of modular motions with limited wave overtopping and no contact is observed between adjacent modules under the extreme wave conditions. The findings of this study can serve as a valuable reference to developing reliable and cost-effective FPV technologies for offshore conditions.