战略装车点选址模型研究

分析了建立区域战略装车点的政策性原则和关联因素,并根据铁路运输生产实际模拟了在供需均衡条件下选站建点系统架构,构建战略装车点多点选址多类变量混合0-1非线性规划模型(MSLSLP)。模型以社会总成本最小化为出发点,协同考虑决策者和客户双方利益,将选站建点的改扩建费用、可变费用和代表客户利益的运输成本共同纳入目标体系。将建立战略装车点后的运输特点要求与相关选址模型的共性约束相结合构造约束条件,使其更具针对性。最后,以相当规模数值算例验证了模型的有效性和可行性。     

大跨度悬臂拼装施工连续梁桥0号梁段局部应力分析

采用悬臂拼装施工的大跨度预应力混凝土连续梁桥,因0号块梁段的构造和受力较为复杂,保证它的质量与安全非常重要。本文以孙口黄河公路大桥为工程实例,运用Midas/Civil和Ansys有限元程序分别建立了该桥梁的整体计算模型和0号块梁段的局部计算模型,考虑桥梁施工、成桥以及运营阶段多种工况对0号梁段进行了局部受力分析。计算结果表明:该桥梁原设计的0号梁段隔板与腹板、底板交接处,底板支座等部位较为薄弱,需局部加强。计算结果已直接应用于实际工程,具有较高的实用价值。     

物流园区建设序列的多阶段多指标决策模型

针对物流园区建设序列问题的多阶段多指标决策和投资优化实质,本文以熵权和理想解法为基础,结合Delphi 法和0-1型整数规划,提出了一个物流园区建设序列的多阶段多指标决策模型,比较好地解决了物流园区建设序列决策中多阶段多指标评价问题和投资优化问题。     

基于流式I／O的TCP／IP通信协议的实现方法

作者简要介绍了AT&T的UNIX SYSTEM V所支持的网络通信功能,重点是分析其网络通信功能的内部实现机制--流(Stream)以及流机制(STREAMS),并给出了基于流式I/O的TCP/IP通信协议的实现方法.     

沙港大桥刚构0号段支撑设计及施工技术

昌万公路沙港大桥桥长486m,宽12 5m,其中主跨为75m+75m悬灌箱梁, 0号段支撑采用托架加斜拉施工。介绍了本桥0号段支撑设计及施工要点。     

Optimization of traffic demand management policy in China: towards a sustainable mode split

The rapid increase in private car use in large metropolitan areas has led to irrational travel mode splits and severe traffic problems. Traffic demand management (TDM) is an effective policy to achieve a more sustainable development of traffic systems. This study analyzes the relationships between TDM policy, mode split, and travel mode choice using Stackelberg game theory. Then, using 0–1 programming, it establishes a combination of TDM policy instruments that can achieve a more sustainable mode split in a city and provides a case study in China. The method presented in this research has strong theoretical implications for TDM policymakers.     

悬浇连续梁0#块支架受力计算

对斜钢管柱＋牛腿的0#块支架形式进行分析计算,给出了这种结构的MIDAS计算模型及墩身预埋牛腿的受力计算。     

Surface chlorophyll in the Black Sea over 1978–1986 derived from satellite and in situ data

Absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration and its spatial and seasonal variations in the Black Sea were assessed by using satellite CZCS and in situ data. Since the satellite CZCS had operated for the 1978013;1986 period, CZCS data was used for assessing the past state of the Black Sea just before the onset of drastic changes observed in late 1980s. The approach used for the calculation of the absolute values of chlorophyll a concentration from CZCS data was based on the direct comparison of in situ chlorophyll a data and those of CZCS and by applying the algorithm developed for the transformation of CZCS data into chlorophyll a values. CZCS Level 2 data related with pigment concentration having a spatial resolution of 1 km at nadir were used. The daily Level 3 files were derived by binning Level 2 values into 4-km grid cells and the monthly and seasonal Level 3 files were created by averaging the daily Level 3 files over the corresponding period. In situ chlorophyll a data were obtained by spectrophotometric and fluorometric methods in 15 scientific cruises over the 1978013;1986 period. Total number of ship-measured data used for the comparison with those CZCS values was 590.Chlorophyll a concentration (Chl) was derived from CZCS values (C) with regression equations Chl=kC; the coefficient of transformation k was calculated from six different data sets by taking into account distinctions between subregions and seasons. The reasons for difference in the k values have been analyzed.Statistical comparison of the chlorophyll a values measured in situ and those derived from CZCS data was based on log-transformed data and gave the following results: regression SLOPE=0.842, regression INTERCEPT=−0.081, coefficient of determination (R²)=0.806, root013;mean013;square ERROR=0.195. The mean monthly chlorophyll a distributions derived from CZCS data over 1978013;1986 have been constructed and the mean seasonal chlorophyll a values in different regions have been calculated and analyzed. The significant difference in chlorophyll concentration between the western shelf regions and the open part of the Black Sea has been demonstrated, especially in warm season. At almost all seasons, the highest chlorophyll concentration is observed in the western interior shelf region which is under strong influence of Danube. The summer mean chlorophyll concentration in this region is 18 times higher than that in the open parts and about nine times higher than in the eastern shelf region. The greatest seasonal variations are observed in the open part of the Black Sea: chlorophyll concentration in cold season is four to six times higher than in summer and three to five times higher than in April and October. To the contrary, in the western interior shelf regions, the concentration is higher in May013;October (about twice than that in November013;March). Seasonal variations in the western outer shelf regions are smoothed out as compared with both the western interior shelf and the open regions.     

A study of the response of chlorophyll-a biomass to a winter upwelling event off Western Iberia using SeaWiFS and in situ data

Observations of a winter upwelling event off Western Iberia shelf/slope in the area of influence of the Western Iberia Buoyant Plume (WIBP) were conducted in February 2000. Spatial patterns and time evolution of the chlorophyll-a (chl-a) biomass are analysed, based on in situ and satellite data. SeaWiFS-derived chl-a concentration L2 products were used to track the chlorophyll front and estimate its westward migration velocity (maximum up to 29 km day⁻¹), as well as to characterize the frontal system and its evolution. A method associating the type of spectral signature of a pixel to the fraction of chlorophyll probed by SeaWiFS enabled the estimation of the chl-a biomass within error intervals. High chlorophyll concentrations (for wintertime) were observed over the shelf and slope, up to large distances to the coast. Due to the WIBP, a shallow Ekman layer developed, being nearly coincident with the stratified upper meters. The transport comprised westward advection and stretching of the plume, with little entrainment with the offshore deep mixed layer waters. The relative enlargement of the total area of the Inside-Front Zone (IFZ) during the upwelling event was roughly accompanied by the maintenance of the average biomass per unit of area, considering the water column up to depths of interest. This suggests that there was a net increase of chl-a biomass inside the water column associated with the IFZ, roughly proportional to the increase in the IFZ area. Retention of phytoplankton in the shallow stratified nutrient-rich waters of the WIBP was a key factor for this increase in chl-a biomass.     

航空货运多航段多阶段模型

在航空货运运力分配中需要解决两个问题:一是选择哪条航段来运输货物,二是在满足货物运输的前提下,选择哪个时期运输货物.本文使用数学规划方法建立了航空货运多航段多阶段模型,以解决航空货运运力分配中的两个问题.通过实例数值仿真,证明了该模型的有效性,并揭示了飞机的承载能力、航段的收益水平和货物的利润水平对舱位分配策略影响较大.